Falsification nhoroondo: mienzaniso. Nokupikiswa falsification nhoroondo

Pane chikonzero chiri chose chokudavira kuti falsification nhoroondo rakatanga munguva tanga kwenzanga. Mangoti vanhu vakava nzira imwe kana mumwe kuchengeta mashoko ake kare, pakarepo vaya vakanga zvakanaka kukanganisa navo. Zvikonzero vakasiyana chaizvo, asi chaizvoizvo chiri chido pamusoro mienzaniso apfuura zvinoratidza chokwadi vaairarama hwaivapo panguva Pfungwa uye dzidziso.

The inokosha nzira chenhau falsification

Falsification nhoroondo - ndizvo chete vanonyengedza asi pamwero, nekuti vanodzvinyirirwa kazhinji Zvizvarwa vanhu akasonerapo kukuvara vanofanira kuita kwenguva refu. In zvenhoroondo counterfeiters, kufanana nedzimwe nyanzvi mbavha, mupfumi zvombo kuti unyanzvi. Kupa Mashoko yavo yokufungidzira, zvichipomerwa akatorwa kubva muupenyu magwaro, vanowanzoita kana haaratidzi kunobva, kana kubatana kuti afunga navo. Kazhinji uchapupu vari chazezesa forgeries rakabudiswa kare.

Asi chinyakare Nzira idzi zvakafanana nokuda amateurs. The vatenzi wechokwadi, iyo yakava nyaya falsification zvenhoroondo ounyanzvi, mubasa chitsotsi chinonyanya zvinyorwa. Kuti nhengo "shamisa zvakawanikwa pakuchera matongo", kuwanikwa kare "vasingazivikanwi" uye "unpublished" Chronicle zvinhu, diaries uye netsamba.

basa ravo, iro akawana kuratidzwa kwayo muna Criminal Code, Chokwadi, kunosanganisira zvinhu okugadzira zvinhu. Vasingarangwi nokuti lzheistorikov izvi kunobva pakuti kuti afumure kushayiwa zvakakomba kuongororwa kwavo kwesayenzi, izvo kazhinji kacho asina kuitwa, uye dzimwe nguva zvakare faked.

Nyepera Ancient Egypt

Zviri nyore kuziva sei tsika refu kunobva falsification nhoroondo. Mienzaniso vekare kunogona kuve pfungwa. Ko uchapupu hwakajeka nguva vedu kuburukira Zvivako vaIjipiti kunyora yekare. Ivo vanaFarao mabasa zvinowa- vanoratidzwa vari pachena kuwedzeredzwa nzira.

Somuenzaniso, munyori wekare inoti kuti dzaRamses II, pokuita Battle paKadheshi pachake akaparadza mhirizhonga yose vavengi, zvichiita hondo yake kukunda. Zvisinei, chokwadi ndechokuti, zvimwe manyuko nguva anoratidza mwero chaizvo kunoguma kubudirira nezuva iro vaIjipiti muhondo uye pamusoro dubious zvemashoko Farao.

Falsification Imperial chirevo

Chimwe pachena nhoroondo chitsotsi, iri zvakakodzera kuyeuka, ndiye anonzi wemupiro Constantine. Maererano ichi "Gwaro", weRoma Constantine, aitonga ari IV remakore uye akaita chiKristu mukuru chitendero cheHurumende, akaita akatamisira kodzero rokunyika simba musoro wechechi. Uye pashure zvakaratidza kuti kwazvinoita pagadzirwe VIII-IX emakore, kureva kuti avhenekese gwaro akazviratidza makore mazana anenge mana afa Constantine pachake. Ari kwenguva yakareba ndiyo hwaro kuti papa kutaura kuti uchangamire.

Azoshandiswa zvokuvakisa pamusoro kunyadziswa boyars

Falsification renhoroondo Russia, akaurayiwa nezvikonzero zvematongerwe enyika, zvinoratidzwa zvakajeka achishandisa rimwe gwaro chokuita nguva rokutonga Ivana Groznogo. On mirairo ake, rakaitwa akakurumbira "Face rakatenderera", izvo zvinosanganisira rondedzero munzira yakatorwa neHurumende kubva kare kusvika varipo nguva. Izvi multi-mavhoriyumu Tomé yakaguma yaitonga Ivan.

Mumakore vhoriyamu zvinonzi kuti boyars, inobatwa yamambo nyasha, pamwechete utsinye kupomerwa dzakawanda dzinoparwa. Sezvo kumukira anofungidzirwa changamire, zvichipomerwa kwakaitika muna 1533, tisingatauri kupfuura mune chero zvinyorwa yaitonga, pane chikonzero chokudavira kuti nhema.

Historical fakes kumwedzi Stalinism

The pamwero mukuru falsification nhoroondo Russian mberi mune Stalin yaitonga. Pamwe chete kukuvadza rinoda mamiriyoni evanhu, kusanganisira bato vatungamiriri, vemauto, uyewo vamiririri sayenzi uye uri, kwaiitwa deleting mazita avo kubva mumabhuku, mabhuku, maenisaikoropidhiya, uye mamwe mabhuku. Parallel izvi, iye akarumbidza Stalin muchinangwa zvakaitika 1917. Vanoramba akaisa pfungwa dzakafara negurumwandira ari chinyorwa rake kutungamirira basa musangano yose echimurenga kufamba. Rakanga zvechokwadi falsification guru akambovapo avasakadza nyika kukura mumakumi emakore anotevera.

Mumwe mukuru magwaro akaumba Soviet vanhu pfungwa yenhema nhoroondo USSR, vakava akasunungurwa, rakapepetwa Stalin kuti "History of CPSU (b)." Pakati ngano dzakanyorwa pano, regai voided kusvikira nhasi, anomira mashoko enhema zvachose pamusoro kukunda, "vaduku Red Army," February 23, 1918 panguva muPskov uye Narva. Pasinei uchapupu hunogutsa ayo unreliability, ngano iyi mupenyu nhasi.

Zvimwe ngano pamusoro nhoroondo CPSU (b)

Kubva ichi "Chokwadi" vakanga nemaune vaisanyanya kubatanidzwa mazita ose vatambi vanenge vakaita basa rinokosha panguva Revolution uye Civil War. kubudirira kwavo vakanga anonzi kwezvakataurwa "mutungamiri dzavanhu", kana vanhu pedyo naye, uyewo vaya vakafa pamberi pakatanga vakawanda repressions. The wechokwadi Basa vanhu ava vakanga kazhinji kwazvo duku.

Sezvo chete echimurenga simba compilers iyi dubious gwaro rinomirira chete Bolshevik Party, vachiramba basa dzimwe hurongwa enyika iyoyo. All zvakawanda kana zvishoma vakakurumbira, haasi pakati Bolshevik vatungamiri, vakanzi vatengesi uye pakaunda-kuipandukira.

Iri raiva rakananga falsification nhoroondo. Mienzaniso pamusoro havasi pasi rakazara nemaune dzidziso fabrications. Zvinhu zvasvika pfungwa kuti nyorazve nhoroondo Russian wekupedzisira emakore. It akabata kunyanya munguva yokutonga Peter I uye Ivana Groznogo.

Manyepo - ane nhumbi dzidziso Nazi

Falsification nhoroondo yenyika yava vakapinda zvombo kuti achishandisa anoparadzirwa Nazi Germany. Pano, iye awana misoro zvechokwadi akamboona. Mumwe theorists ayo aiva ideologist Alfred Rosenberg, reNazi. Mubhuku rake rinonzi "The Enhema of XX remakore", iye ataura kuti mhosva Germany kukundwa mu World War I chose riri kusavimbika of Social Democrats, uyo akauraya dzavo vakunde uto uchibaya kumashure.

Maererano naye, chete ichi kwavatadzisa matura zvakakwana kupwanya muvengi. Kutaura zvazviri, zvose zvinhu makore iwayo anoratidza kuti pakazopera hondo, Germany Aneta kwadzo zvachose uye akanga akaoma ezvinhu. Accession kuna Entente States vanotozvikuvadza vakatongerwa naye kukundikana.

Panguva yaitonga Hitler falsification nhoroondo yasvika penga siyana. Somuenzaniso, anorayira boka dzezvechitendero vakatora kududzirwa Magwaro kushandura vanhuwo maonero basa vaJudha munhau yeBhaibheri. Izvi, I angati, vafundisi vakabvuma kuti ivo akarwara chaizvo vanoti Iisus Hristos akanga asiri muJudha, uye vakasvika kuBhetrehema achibva eCaucasus.

Okumhura nhema pamusoro hondo

Zviri zvikuru achidemba chokwadi ndiye falsification nhoroondo Huru Patriotic War. Zvinosuwisa, zvakaitika munguva apo nhoroondo nyika yedu inotongwa zvachose nokuda Pfungwa dhipatimendi racho CPSU Central Committee, uye vari post-dzechiKomonisiti nguva, akaisa pamapfudzi vanhu vavo ideologists ari brunt rusununguko, kugona kushandisa iyo yakaparadzwa mumakore akawanda pamusoro pevatongi hwechiKomonisiti.

Munguva zvitsva nhoroondo chaizvoizvo vakanga voruzhinji inofananidza rusununguko uye madiro, kunyanya kana asvika chokubudirira zvinangwa zvisingatori nguva. Chimwe chikuru nzira enyika PR makore iwayo kunge kutsvaira ohaivanie kare anosvika Kuramba zvakwakanakira zvinhu zvakakwana. Haasi masanga kurwiswa kunotyisa nenhamba itsva iyoyo pasi kunyange zvikamu avo enhoroondo yedu kuti kare vaionekwa dzvene. Tiri achinyanya kutaura zvakadaro zvinonyadzisa chakajairika sezvo falsification nhoroondo yehondo.

Zvikonzero nei kushandisa nhema

Kana munguva Pfungwa chindingindingi of CPSU munhoroondo yakavhiringidzwa nechinangwa vachikwidziridza basa webato iri kukunda muvengi, uye kuti anoratidza kuda kwemamiriyoni evanhu kufira Stalin, mutungamiri, mune post-perestroika nguva paiva Vanzveri nokumunyima nevazhinji heroism vanhu vari hondo kuzorwa vaNazi uye pokuzvidza zvinomirirwa Victory Great. Izvi zviitiko zviviri zvakafanana.

Muzviitiko zvacho zvose, nhema munhu nemaune panguva basa rezvematongerwo enyika chaiwo zvido. Kana makore apfuura, vaKomonisiti akavatora kupinda basa kuramba mukurumbira hurumende yake, zvino kuedza kushandisa izvozvo vaya vari kuedza kuti vaunganidze guta enyika. Vose vanoitirwawo anonyengera.

Historical falsifications nhasi

Pernicious katsika reshape nhoroondo akacherekedza zvakawanda magwaro vaburukira kwatiri kubva kare, zvinobudirira akatamira kune chinoziva XXI remakore. Pasinei nokupikiswa vose falsification nhoroondo, hariregi kuedza kuramba mapeji aya kwasviba kare, kufanana Holocaust, iyo Armenian kwevanhu uye Holodomor. The creators paiya inonzi nzira pfungwa, vasingakwanise kazhinji dzinoramba zviitiko, kuedza kumutsa kusava nechokwadi kuti avo nderechokwadi, Kuramba uchapupu kuduku zvenhoroondo.

The ukama ounyanzvi nenhoroondo kururama

Nemaune kukanganisa munhoroondo chichiratidzwa kwete chete murugwaro bato ideologues asiwo mabasa ounyanzvi. Izvi hazvishamisi, nokuti zvizere unoratidza upenyu chaihwo. Zvisinei, pano mamiriro ezvinhu zvishoma kupfuura kuoma. Kusiyana sainzi, Ndimi anobvumira mufananidzo yezviitiko zvinokosha vamwe ingano Chokwadi, chete panyaya apo basa munyori kana Artist haisi kusikirwa kuti rakanyorwawo.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mumakore achangopfuura, hwakapararira, kuwedzera kune yaizivikanwa kwatiri kubva pauduku renyaya aiva Genre inonzi zvisingaitiki. Sezvo mumwe, uye mune imwe nyaya, mabasa nyaya kazhinji kuva munhoroondo kanivhasi, yakavhiringidzwa nomunyori maererano ake hwokudhirowa zvaakaratidzwa. Kwakadaro unyanzvi chakajairika pachena neumhizha kare somunhu yoga Sub-Genre inonzi kumwe kare. Hazvigoni sechinhu kuedza kunyepera zviitiko chaiye, asi tinofanira kuonekwa somumwe mifananidzo nzira.

Pakurwisa counterfeiters - yezvisikwa nyaya

Pakati yenzira kukurira kuedza kunyepera nhoroondo nyika yedu yokutanga inofanira kudana akasika Presidential Commission tasked pamwe pakurwisa denda iri. Zvinokoshawo ndezvokuti munzvimbo iyi uye ndakasika nemakanzuru maNGOs. Chete vagari kuita anogona ndokumisa chipingamupinyi zvakaipa ichi.