BCG

Pari, kubaya imwe zvikuru aishingaira kushandiswa mhando kudzivirira zvirwere zvakasiyana siyana. Vaccinal rakagadzirirwa vakawanda zvirwere, pamazita richikura.

Chimwe chezvinhu yokufungidzira aiva BCG mushonga. Zvisikwa Its akabvumira nguva kuderedza hwevanhu vanorwara uye vanofa kubva TB chirwere. zvakafanana kwakadaro regumi namasere remakore, utachiona chaitwa kudzora kubudikidza kubaya. Zvisinei, kunyange panguva ino haigoni kunzi tibhii, zvirwere mushonga-kudzivirirwa. Zvikurukuru, izvi imhaka yokuti zvichiitika kutapata ndekwenguva pfupi, kunyanya avo vanenge muviri apo zvaipfekwa nezvirwere kana kune vachiberekwa kana vawana immunodeficiency.

Mune zvisingawanzoitiki chaizvo zvinoitika, majekiseni angatanga nzira tibhii, TB inopfurwa pasi pokudzora ane attenuated tisawirirane pamusoro microbe. Kukura chirwere ichi zvinokwanisika uye pashure makore mashomanana pashure pakatanga yacho mushonga. The chirwere hwapedyo nokuda kwakaderera masoja yevanhu gadziriro, kana somugumisiro vakawanda kuneta (neanorexia).

BCG kubaya rinoitwa sezvinotevera: inotungamirira wokutanga zvinodhaka - rechina - nezuva rechitanhatu kubva pakaberekwa mwana. bata iyi kazhinji kuitwa zvakananga vakwegura. Chokutanga revaccination vakatakura mwana wacho ari chiitiko kuti kwakaratidza pasina kutapata kuti tibhii mumiriri (kureva, apo BCG mushonga kare kwakamboitwa makore manomwe, booster wechipiri (nemakore 14), uye munhu haana kusangana Koch kuti seinä zvakatipoteredza).

Kuti tinzwisise kuti kana asiri mwana neTB uye aida revaccination haana utachiona kana kwete, vanopedza ari Mantoux bvunzo, ive chokukomborerwa reactivity pakureva tibhii mumiririri. Kusiyanisa normergicheskuyu uye hyperergic maitiro, zvichienderana ukuru aumba papules dzaro kukuvadza.

The Zvinoumba yokudzivirira akasiyana kunogona kusanganisira zvose mhenyu uye vakauraya nemavhairasi uye microbial nevamiririri.

Murwiyo rine mupenyu BCG mushonga chete Mycobacterium tiibhii chaizvo utachiona pamwe kuderedzwa virulence. kugozha ichi rwaiwanikwa kuburikidza akadzokorora culturing pasi kwazvo ezvinhu nokuda microbe. Kutapata achiumbwa somugumisiro chokuwanziridza pakati pomutumwa ari mumuviri womunhu uye tanga antibodies pamusoro chinhu. The peculiarity pamusoro kutapata kuti anoumba BCG mushonga ndechokuti rinotsigirwa nezvinoitwa kupfuurira of microbe mumuviri. Izvi chete chinhu rinotsanangura zvinoita kukura post-kubaya tibhii.

Kutapata vakagamuchira murume somugumisiro kubaya, ndiko dzinongoitika vaccinal. Mukuwedzera pane zvakasikwa nevaktsinalny kutapata, iyo inotungamirwa imhaka yepanyama kuwira pamusoro Mycobacterium tiibhii kwevanhu Airways. kutapata kwakadaro Zvinowanzoitikawo chaizvo, sezvo muviri wacho kukwanisa kusangana Koch tumiti pane zvakawanda. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha epidemiologically pamusoro tibhii yakazarukira chimiro kana patinofemera kunze mhepo murwere anosarudza microbial mumiririri.

Kune vakawanda contraindications kuti kubaya. Vose kuwa nguva (kutungamirira kuti kunonosa kuti kubaya), uye kugara (iyi, kubaya haina kuitwa). To kwekanguva contra kubaya zvinosanganisira Prematurity (achangoberekwa kurema idukusa 2,5 makirogiramu), uyewo dzinoverengeka zvirwere uye rikwanise exacerbations echirwere pathologies. BCG mushonga hauna kupiwa nyaya vanoramba Immune Deficiency, sezvo anogona kuva generalized siyana tibhii - wechigarire contraindication kuti kubaya.