Yokutonga Vladimira Monomaha. Zvakabuda rokutonga Vladimir Monomakh

Vladimir Monomakh Board Nhoroondo kwemakore 1112-1125. Panguva Kiev hugota akagara pasi, apo murume ane makore 60 okuberekwa, ane yakadzidza uye akachenjera. Pamwe ndosaka makore kwake vanonzi zvakanakisisa nokuda Old Russian mamiriro.

Rimwe Rurik

Muzukuru Yaroslava Mudrogo, ari kufarira mwanakomana Great Kiev Prince Vsevolod uye Byzantine Princess Anna (mwanasikana Constantinople mambo Constantine Monomakh) akaberekerwa muna 1053. Pashure achikura, akanga ikure baba kumativi. Sezvinotarisirwa, Kiev Vsevolod ikazopiwa choumambo kwaari. Asi ndinovenga kukakavara Vladimir nokusiiwa nyasha achitonga muzukuru Grand Svyatopolk II Izyaslavich sezvo baba Monomach Kiev, Vsevolod akatora chigaro pashure makatodzinga mukoma wake Izyaslav. Vanhu Kiev havasi chaizvo kwazvo Svyatopolk uye zvakamupoteredza, zvikurukuru nokuti ushamwari Polovtsy uye nokuda kuti mumakore ake chikwereti-sharking yasvika kusingaenzaniswi zvikuru.

Akachenjera uye dzakakurumbira

pashure pakarepo norufu muchinda Kiev Monomakh akatumirwa kukokwa kuti ushe zvikuru, asi iye haana ndokuendeswa guru nekuti havadi vaputse kutsivana pachigaro, nokuti vaifunga kuti muna Svyatopolk mutemo anofanira kana Oleg Seversky kana David Chernigov kana Jaroslav Murom - zvose zvizvarwa Svyatoslav. kunonoka ake zvakabatsira vanhu Kiev, kutambura rokurara kudzvinyirirwa usurers yevaJudha, uye kupandukira rakamuka, achiperekedzwa pogroms. Akatumazve nhume Monomakh. nguva ino haana kuzeza. At Vladimir (zita rake chitendero - Basil) uye asati nokugaramo of Kiev choushe chaiva mukurumbira pave norugare, mukundi pamusoro Polovtsian (akavaita 19 runyararo zvibvumirano) uye unifier venyika Russian (vanakomana vake vaiva mumaguta makuru - Novgorod, Smolensk uye Rostov, uye mukoma wake Rostislav ushe Pereyaslavl).

penya kutanga

Vladimir Monomakh mutemo muguta ripi - Smolensk 1073-1078, 1078-1094 Chernigov, Pereyaslavl 1094-1113 - aiva akachenjera uye abudirire. Vanopandukira Kiev kunodiwa kutonga Vladimir chete, musi pakasvika kuti kupanduka kwakanyarara. Asi Monomakh kunzwisisa ayo zvinokonzera, kuitira kudzivisa vachivavhiringidza mune ramangwana uye yekudyidzana akacheka dziine moneylenders (isingadariki 20% chete annum) pane kuti upenyu nyore kuti mapoka maduku. "Charter kuti rezah" rakagamuchirwa pashure zano refu pamwe vamiririri vepamusoro. Mushure vakatadza kufadza kuti chimbadzo pakupedzisira kukuvadza Russia kwete chete, asiwo kune pachavo, kwakasarudzwa kudzinga vose vechiJudha mari-Lenders kunze kwenyika. It waiti zvose zvomumba pfuma "mari" kunogona kutora navo, asi haafaniri kudzoka kuRussia. Sezvingatarisirwa, vazhinji vevaJudha vakagamuchira Orthodoxy.

The kumumvuri pamusoro Vladimir Dzvuku Sun rechipiri

Makore Prince Vladimir Monomakh yokutonga vakatanga wokupedzisira pamukwidza Kievan Rus. Lucky mukuru, wezvematongerwe enyika wakanaka, munhu akadzidziswa uye unyanzvi munyori uyo akasiya mabhuku basa, akapa Russia panguva upenyu hwakadzikama - Pechenegs vakadzingwa, ivo Cumans vakatya kunyika angabira Russian, nekuti iri mishandirapamwe kuzorwa navo, muchinda akavimba varwi, kwete varwi vaya. Aiva mukurumbira chaizvo pakati pavanhu, mupepa mukwanisi Epic mufananidzo Vladimir Red Sun (yokutanga kumumvuri yakanga nasekuru vake Vladimir, Mubhabhatidzi pamusoro Russia). Dzezvakaitwa them Muromtsa kuwira pamusoro ushe Vladimir Monomakh

Most kukunda wokumwe-maitiro

The vatorwa nomutemo wemadzimambo Grand Duke akatambanudza Parainge apo mwanakomana wemufi ari Byzantine Emperor Alexios I John II, iyo rinovhiringidzwa zvikuru mauto Russian pfuura Constantinople. Achida rugare Kievan Rus, vaGiriki nokuzvidira akaenda Tichitarisa zvichemo - Monomakh paakavapa zita ramambo, kukosha zvakaenzana basileus kuti Byzantium. Akanga nechipiriso nejira youhosi, tsvimbo, orb uye korona, akakurumbira uye ngano "Monomakh". The Union wagadzirirwa dynastic muchato - mwanakomana waJohani, mugari wenhaka Alexei, akanga akaroora muzukuru muchinda Kiev. Saka, mutemo Vladimira Monomaha aizivikanwa pakagadzwa yakasimba Byzantine kufanana Union.

tefa negwaro

Zvisinei, akanyevera mushandirapamwe andobata Constantinople akapa pamusoro nzira ari Danubian nyika, asi Monomakh nguva dzose nokuda kwenyika chinhu aigona kuita. Naizvozvo, nyika idzi dzakanga nokuda Byzantines. Pashure kunetseka Minsk Prince Gleb uye kubatwa kwake ava nyika vaiva noushamwari Kiev - nayo vakaziva uchangamire yayo. The undoubted zvakwakanakira dzinosanganisira chokwadi kuti kumativi paitonga Vladimira Monomaha vatatu dzose Russian vakanga kusimbiswa ake. Nevavakidzani yayo yose, izvo kubudikidza chibvumirano, uye apo - muchiuto, kunge akagumisa pose. Saka, kupandukira woutsinye muna Volyn, kutongwa mwanakomana Svyatopolk, anouya-mutemo Vladimir, Yaroslav. Akashandura pachivanze wake utsinye Kiev inogara. It akamhanya kamwe moneylenders vaJudha, uye zvose vavengi kwekusingaperi Russia. A hondo huru Czechs, Hungarians, Poles vakananga kuna Kiev. Vanhu vakaenda kundosangana naye Mstislav Vladimirovich. Yaroslav pachake akanga atova vakaurayiwa nemauto Russian panguva yokukombwa Volyn. Batsirai wemufi yakanga musoro, mauto muvengi vakadzokera shure.

Kukura simba Russia

Hakuna Volga Bulgars, ane zvikepe yakakundwa nemasoja Russian, kana vagere kuBaltic States uye Finland, nguva dzose inobhadhara mutero, kwete avapambe Russian munyika paitonga Vladimir Monomakh. izvi zvose zvaiita kuita mazuvaano ari mamiriro. Vakai machechi, kuwedzera zvokutengeserana, akatanga kuumba mari, rakashandurwa mabhuku nomutauro Byzantine, akatanga kuvhura zvikoro, umo vana vakapiwa dzidzo yakanakisisa mhuri. Kuva murume akadzidza uye nyanzvi pakuridza munyori, Vladimir akasiya kuvazukuru mabasa ake - "Instruction" uye "Kufamba". Uyezve, Nestor, mumongi pamusoro Kiev-Pechersk Lavra pave "zvakaedza zvekare Years" (1117). Vladimir Monomakh muKiev Board kuchinja kweguta guru yezvokutengeserana uye netsika pakati. Iye akasiya ndangariro wakanaka emakore, uye muenzaniso hurumende, izvo zvinoita nyika yakabudirira. Nezvazvo kutaura zvakanaka kwete chete kunyorwa makore rokubata kwake ushe, "ngano zvekare Years", asi muna Ipatiev Chronicle mu "zvakaedza Kuparadzwa Russian nyika." Uye pashure porufu rwake, vamwe vazukuru vake korona mambo "chivharo Monomakh".

Pakutanga ushe Vladimira Monomaha akanga musi April 20, 1113, uye dzakaguma May 19, 1125, zuva rokufa kwake. Under Vladimir Monomakh kwakapararira dynastic vakaroorana. Iye kuroorwa kure nevana vake vose vakawanda vanenge vose korona pamisoro Europe. Michato nevana khans.

Results of Board

simba chakasimba hakuveregwi nevavakidzani akasiya Vladimir Monomakh, migumisiro izvo zvinogona kupfupikiswa sezvinotevera ushe. Huru budiriro hwaizoguma vachirwisa Polovtsy yaparadzwa nyika. Pesimba Russia yakawedzera kusimba, pashure kuvakunda. Uyezve kukura kwayo pave nemaonero yokumwe mutemo uye dynastic michato. Monomakh vakawedzera centralization simba, uye saka akakwanisa kuramba kudzora pamusoro pamaguta ose uye dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana weRussia. Somugumisiro kumira hondo yevagari vemo Pazvinotanga yorugare akatanga kuva sectors dzose upfumi, mabhuku uye uri, asi yekudyidzana zvakawedzera simba nyika - zvose echiuto uye zvoupfumi.