Farm: zviri nani?

Socio-zvoupfumi kuchinja ON kwakatungamirira agrarian kuchinja mukupera XV - pakutanga XVI remakore. It akabata "filamentous kuchinja" pasi murayiro Sigismund II Augustus, Grand Duke pamusoro Lithuania namambo wePolish. Kuwanda vanogara mumaguta munzvimbo yawedzera kubva gore negore, nokudaro kukura kudiwa zvokurima zvigadzirwa. Panguva iyoyo chakatowedzera mutengo uye kudyiwa chingwa Western Europe.

The feudal madzishe vakagamuchira mari mikana nerubatsiro zviyo kunze. Kuti kuwedzera kugadzirwa ari munyika yavo, uye feudal madzishe akapa nyika vanhuwo zvavo, uye akadana nyika ino "purazi". Izvi zvakaitwa kuti zvivanakire ivo feudal madzishe. Zvose kuti rave kurimwa papurazi, gare gare kutengeswa kunze kana vagari.

Meaning weshoko iri muduramazwi

Farm-upfumi akatanga kuonekwa munguva XV remakore. Varimi nomukana kushanda idzi uye kupa serfdom zvakavakodzera, achikusha purazi. Meaning of shoko rinogona kuwanikwa hwenhoroondo uye mabhuku maduramazwi, asi chakajeka uye kodzero ndeinotevera.

• Farm - kurima muridzi womunda, mumwe Manor diki (kuPoland nyika, Western Ukraine, Belarus uye Lithuania.). Definition akatorwa kubva "Dictionary Wemashoko Foreign".
• Muduramanzwi Ushakova "purazi" - chiduku nyika wemunda.

• Mu "Wikipedia" ndechokuti zvinogona kuwana tsananguro. Farm (Polish folwark kubva remutauro nayo Vorwerk ..) - Manor, kuti Manor, imwe yoga kugarwa, izvo dzinotungamirirwa mumwe muridzi, muridzi upfumi.

Provenance

Muna 1557 nayo kushandisa akakurumbira gwaro - ari "Charter on kufa", iro rinotarisira kupinda mari chefuma yakawanda iri kurima. Mugwaro iri, purazi - inzira zvokurima, apo varimi vaiita kuhondo. Ndechokupemberera kutanga kuchinja zvokurima mabhizimisi Queen Bona Sforza. Akatanga kuchinja bhizimisi Pinsk uye Kobrin vakuru. Munzvimbo idzi, zvose ari kumusoro sandara, uye nyika yakakamurwa kupinda Manor mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda, kunze kumabvazuva Belarus.

Farmers uye purazi

Sezvatotaurwa, papurazi - ndiwo nhaka feudal madzishe. Varimi havana vanatenzi venyika, vachateerera chete zvakaipa uye ikakohwewa. Asi vakuru uye magnates zvamatonga mitemo kodzero yokushandisa nyika. Varimi kuwana nyika, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kukotamira magnates, uye ipapo anenge chirimwa yose, uye kuti vapiwewo. Mitero vaiva vanhuwo zvavo uye wakakombwa. Mutero chete aiita serfdom, uye kukomba vachiri kubhadhara mari mitero.