Sei gasi turbine?

The gasi turbine - gwenya, sezvamakaropafadzwa panguva kuramba ichishanda chezvinhu mudziyo (rotor) anoshandura muviri dzomunyika simba pamusoro gasi (dzimwe nguva, chiutsi kana mvura) kupinda zvokuimba basa kuronga. In ichi kushanda fuma rukova kunokanganisa yakamisirwa chipasa pamusoro sekamufarenzi ari rotor, zvichiguma inofamba yavo. Sezvo gasi aibuda mirayiridzo vari rakakamurwa axial turbine (gasi runoita noku akabatana ari turbine) kana TOUR (perpendicular inofamba hama zvakafanana akabatana). Kune vose chete uye multi-zvigadziriswe.

The gasi turbine anogona ushande chipande munzira mbiri. Chekutanga, icho kushingaira muitiro apo gasi iri vaipa nokushanda nzvimbo panguva pamatunhu aimhanya. Panyaya iyi, gasi kubuda kunoita kuenda nenzira yakarurama mutsetse uye amire munzira yake curved chipasa zvakadzama anoramba, akatendeuka pacharo. Chechipiri, inofanira reactive mhando, apo gasi inosimbisa mwero iri pasi, Zvisinei, mukuru zvisingatauriki kushandiswa. Jet injini mhando mune zvinenge yakaisvonaka muchimiro hakuitiki, kureva. K. A turbine navo kupa mashoko Centrifugal simba iyo anoita pamusoro mashizha, pamwe chete kuita simba.

Apo gasi turbine inoshandiswa nhasi? Nheyo nokushanda mudziyo inogona kushandiswa nemotokari ine dzemagetsi emagetsi, compressors, etc. Kwakapararira turbine iyi mhando akagamuchira pamusoro chokufambisa (zvomumvura gasi turbines). Zvichienzaniswa chiutsi dzomuzana, vane duku uremu uye kukura, nokuti havadi kuvandudzika bhaira, condensing chikwata.

The gasi turbine riri kukurumidza kugadzirira kushandiswa mushure kanda, anovandudza simba chizere anenge 10 maminitsi, zviri nyore kuti tirambe, kunoda shoma mvura kuti kutonhora. Kusiyana munyika combustion michini, hakuna inertial Migumisiro crank mashandiro. Gas turbine chirimwa uye nguva nehafu mapfupi pane Diesel michini, uye vanopfuura hafu uremu. The mudziyo anokwanisa kushanda mafuta chenhando. The pamusoro unhu vanobvumira injini funga hurongwa kufarira kumatare pamusoro zvakadaro hovercraft uye hydrofoil.

A gasi turbine injini sechinhu chikuru chinoumba uye ane vanoverengeka zvinokosha payakaipira. Pakati pavo ona yakakwirira ruzha pamwero zvishoma pane Diesel michini, kushanda zvakanaka, pfupi rokuti kushanda panguva yakakwirira tembiricha (kana akashandisa gaseous svikiro ane tembiricha anenge 1100 ^{° C,} nguva kushandiswa turbine angava avhareji yemaawa 750).

Gas turbine kunyatsoshanda kunoenderana iro hurongwa inoshandiswa. Somuenzaniso, mano anoshandiswa simba pamwe kwokutanga gasi tembiricha pamusoro 1300 Celsius, pamwe munhu compression nhamba mhepo iri compressor 23 kuzovapozve uye hapana asingasviki 17 vari zvionera kushanda panguva coefficient vanenge 38,5%. turbines akadaro haasi zvakapararira chaizvo uye anoshandiswa zvikurukuru kufukidza mutoro nhongonya munyika magetsi acho. Nhasi, gasi turbines anenge 15 inokwana 30 MW vari kushanda dzinoverengeka chafariz simba zvinomera muRussia. In multistage dzakabatana kunokwanisika wakakwirira zvikuru mwero kunyatsoshanda (kumativi 0.93) nokuda kunyatsoshanda yakakwirira zvinhu.