Savva Morozov: biography pfupi, hupenyu hwehupenyu, photo, mhuri, vana. Mistress Savva Timofeevich Morozov

Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, vatengesi vakapfuma muMoscow vakaverenga mhuri dzinenge makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemishanu: manomwe kubva pavari pasi pezita rokuti Morozov. Mukurumbira wevatengesi vemaguta makuru waiva Savva Morozov, uyo mazita ake haaswedere kwatiri nemupfumi-mupfumi, mutevedzeri wemhepo isina simba, asi nemunhu akajekeswa achiedza kunamata.

Mari

Hapana anoziva nechokwadi chaidzo chaiyo yemhuri iyi yemhuri. Manufactory partnership, apo Savva Morozov, ane biography yatinayo iye zvino pasi pegirasi rinosimudza, akanga asiri iye muridzi, akamira mumatambudziko matatu ekubhadhara zvikuru munyika. Akanga ari mutungamiriri. Mubhadharo waisava mukuru chete, waiva mukuru. Savva Timofeevich Morozov akagamuchira mazana maviri nemazana makumi mashanu rubles gore. Biography yakatanga nekutya kwakasimba kusvika pakupedzisira. Mutungamiri weMari mumakore mamwechete akabhadharwa zvakapetwa ka gumi, asi nemari iyi mambo akawedzera zvakawanda kubva muhomwe yake kuitira kuti Witte arege kugumburwa.

Vakatanga venyaya yeMorozovs - Sekuru vaSabva nababa-havana rutivi rwechidiki chekudzidzisa kweEurope kunoshamisa iyo Savva akagamuchira. Vakanga vasina chimwe chinhu chaidiwa kunze kwekugadzira, uye vakanga vasina ruzivo pamusoro pezvido zvekudhiro. Havana kugovana nayo kune ani zvake. Asi, pane zvinopesana, vakuru vacho vaiva meringues. Asi chigadzirwa chacho chakasimudzirwa kuva negodo. Asi biography yeSavva Morozov yakabuda yakasiyana. Aiziva nzira yekuwana mari (uye akazviita), uye nyaya dzehupfumi hadzina kumunetseka zvachose.

Sekuru Savva

Savva Vasilyevich akaberekwa serf munharaunda yeVladimir. Mugwagwa wakareba uye wakaoma waiva mberi kwake kusvika kune yakakura ye textile magnate. Vafudzi vaiva ne-business grin: aine mishonga inenge isingabatsiri, akaisa ruvara rwake nemabhandi nemaoko ake oga, oga, ndokubva aenda kuMoscow netsoka kwemakiromita zana nguva nenguva kuti atengese zvinhu zvake kune vatengi. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kukohwa kwacho kwawedzera, ndokuenda kune machira nekotoni.

Ndakanga ndisingazive nevanyori, handina kudzidza kuverenga, asi ndakachengeta mari. Akanga achifambidzana nehupenyu hunofadza, kunyange apo hondo yeNapoleon yakaparadza hafu yeRussia ndokupisa Moscow. Mafekitari akapiswa, tsika dzakapa zvakanaka, uye mishonga yekotoni yeRussia yakatanga kuumbwa kwayo. Nobles Ryumin akapa Savva Vasilyevich mahwanda ane makumi manomwe nemakumi manomwe euru rubles (kana iwe ukatenga manor nokuda kwemari iyi, haingasviki.) Izvo zvikuru, zvisingafungidziriki kune iyo nguva mari. Uye nokukurumidza zvikuru, sekuru vaSawa vakazova mutengesi weboka rekutanga.

Rogozhskoe Makamuri

Mukuru Morozov, kunyange mumakore ake akwegura kwazvo, akaita basa guru, kubva kwaasina kubva kune rimwe zuva. Haana kumbodzidza tsamba imwe chete, aisagona kuverenga. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kumurambidza kuwana mukuru kune imwe nyika Nicholas Manufactory. Aifunga nezvezvizvarwa: kubva pane danho rokutanga aitarisira wekupedzisira.

Ikoko iye zvino muMoscow Highway vanofarira (kare yaiva turakiti reVladimir), muzana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe kugadziriswa kweAkare Believers kwakaumbwa. Savva Morozov, mukuru, uyewo hupenyu hwake hwose akabatana nekutenda kwekare uye akatenda nomwoyo wose, mune imwe nyika. Nokudaro, paVatendi vekare vaRogozhskoe kumakuva, akazvitengera nzvimbo nevana vake.

Vakuru vekare vakanga vashoma varombo, asi vapfumi - kazhinji. Rogozhsky Old Believers kunyanya, pakati pavo pakanga pane vazhinji vaiti nevatengesi. Mari yematemberi, uye paiva nevari vaviri kumakuva, havana kuzvidemba: pamabhuku echechi, pamifananidzo yekare ye tsamba dzaSroganov uye Rublev, pa sacristy. Uye makenduru pamberi pezvifananidzo zvakanga zvisiri nyore, zvaive kusvika kusvika gumi nemaviri kiiro. Savva Vasilievich akatenga nzvimbo mumakuva aya, uko zvizvarwa zvina zvevatengesi veMorozovs zvino vanozorora. Ndizvo zvakaitwa naSaveva Morozov mukuru. The biography is short, but instructive.

Baba Timoti

Mwanakomana Savvy ainyanya kufadzwa nemubereki wake. Mushure memazana ezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, akabvumirwa kune zvinyorwa zve manufactory, akaita zvakawanda zvakakosha kugadzirwa. Mutori wenhaka ndiye anokurumidza, akangwara, akachenjera, saOdysseus, Timothy Savvich akatora zvose zvese zvekushanda kwemafekitari. Akatenga nyika muCentral Asia pamwe neminda yekotoni uye akarega kutengesa kunze kwenyika, zvombo zvemazuva ano, akadzidza nyanzvi dzake pechechi yeIkrasi Imperial College, uye akadzingisa vaIrish vanokosha mumutsipa.

Guta rebaba vake rakawedzera, iro raakawana mukurumbira mukuru mubhizimisi rebhizimisi repamusoro-soro. State manufactory-adviser, vowel muMoscow City Duma, sachigaro wekambani yekushandura uye mu Merchant Bank. Uyezve, nhengo yebhodhi reKursk raire. Vyunivhesiti haina kupedzisa chero, asi yakanga yatoziva iyo tsamba. Ropa rakashanduka risina kuipa kupfuura baba vake: basa rakanga risina simba pa manufactories, vashandi vairangwa nemari, mubhadharo wakabhadharwa kazhinji uye kwete zvachose. Pamusoro peizvi zvose, Timofei Savvich akatumira muenzaniso wakaipa kune mwanakomana wake: haana kupa chete kumachechi, asiwo kumayunivhesiti, uye akapa mamwe mabhuku ekudhinda.

The strike

Morozov avhareji aida nzira yekutonga yevatungamiri. Izvo zvaiitirwa iye nevanotungamirirwa nehutungamiri chaihwo, kunyange nemapurisa. Muhofisi, yakanga isingabvumirwi kugara nomumwe munhu kunze kweiye wakagamuchira, hazvina mhosva kuti misangano nemitambo zvakatora nguva yakareba sei. Mumwaka mutsva 1885, paKrisimasi chete, vashandi vakagadzira, vakagadzirira chikwata, chakanzi mumabhuku e "Morozov" uye nekutanga kurongeka kwevashandi.

Vhiki mbiri dzekugadzira dzakamira. Timofei Morozov akanga ari oga nehasha. Mufaro wevanhu wakadzingwa, vanoita izvi vakaedzwa muimba yakazara uye ine nguva yakaoma zvikuru. Vanhu vacho havana kutsamwa kwete nevanopomerwa, zvakapfuurira nekutsamwa kwakarurama pamusoro pevasina kutendeseka. Uye Timofei Morozov akadanwa kudare iri neuchapupu.

Shame

Biography Savva Timofeevich Morozov akatanga ipapo. Akayeuka nekutya uye kunyara kunotyisa kusvikira pakuguma kwehupenyu hwake, sababa vake vakabuda kunzvimbo yeuchapupu, vachidanidzira vachiti: "Ropa raMweya!", Sezvavakatarisa baba vavo vane binoculars, sezvavakaratidza kwaari neminwe yavo. Uye Timoti Savich, zvichida, kwekutanga muhupenyu hwake hwakanga hwakavhiringidza.

Kutsigira, kugumburwa pamapuranga asinganzwisisiki pasi ndokurova mushure memusoro uri pasi pasi pamberi pechiteshi. Mheremhere iri muimba yaiva yakadaro zvokuti musangano wakanganisa. Papera mwedzi, Timoti Savich chete ndiye akamuka kubva pamubhedha wake, atove achirwara nokusingaperi, akarembera, akakura akwegura uye akaipa. Ndakanga ndisingadi kunzwa pamusoro pefekitari zvakare: kutengesa, kuisa mari mubhangi uye kukanganwa pamusoro peizvi zvose nekukurumidza. Amai Sawa Timofeevich havana kupa, iyo manufactory yakanyora zvinhu zvose pachayo, mwanakomana akaita mutungamiriri.

Maria Feodorovna

Savva Morozov, a biography short haagoni kuratidza zvose zvinorwadza zvekuguma, akakurira muchitendero chekushushikana uye, zvichida, kuoma zvakanyanya. Ndezvipi zvimwe zvingaita kuti freethinker aberekwe mune ramangwana gurukota? Mumugwagwa weTatu-Svyativsky kwaive neimba yaMorozovs ine greenhouse, bindu, maruva yeminda, chechi yemhuri, apo zuva rega rega vaprista vekare vaibva kuRogozhsky vakashandira. Uye iyo yose huru, kubva pamakumi maviri emakamuri eimba, isina kujekeswa nemagetsi, yakabatwa zvakasimba nemumwe mukadzi ari muchibhakera.

Amai vevanhu venyika uye vakasununguka, vakadai Savva Morozov vakazove, hupenyu hwake hwekuti humwe hunoita kuti amai vashaye simba, kana vaiziva nezvazvo zvisati zvaitika, pane dzimwe nguva akanga ari mutongi akakwana uye akazvipira kusvika pachigarire chekupedzisira. Nguva dzose akakomberedzwa ne prizhivalkami, haaifanira kuponesa chero chinhu, asi aive asinganzwisisiki. Vana vaisatombova nemapurasitiki. Pakanga pasina mapepanhau, mabhuku uye mabhuku ezvinyorwa zvepanyika mumba, akanga asati ari munhandare, mimhanzi yakanga isinganzwisisi mumba, nokuti izvi zvose zvaive zvichibva kune pfungwa dzakare-dzenyika. Haana kushandisa bhaji iyo, asi iye aifarira chikwata.

Dzidzo:

Pasinei nezvose izvi, kuchinja kweHupenyu hweKutenda kwakaputsika pasi. Vose vana vasere veMorozovs vakange vane vadzidzisi uye vatungamiri vane tsika dzekunamata, nemimhanzi nemitauro yekunze. Ichokwadi, nokuda kwekukundikana kwevana, ivo vanobvarura zvimedu pamitambo yakanaka yekare yeDomostroev. Pano zvose zvakasarudzwa nomunhu akadaro sa Savva Morozov. Biography, upenyu hwehupenyu, ramangwana rake rakava pachena kwaari zuva rimwe nerimwe. Pakutanga, mukomana uyu akanga asingateereri: akatanga kusvuta uye achifamba kubva kunaMwari mune gymnasium.

MuMoscow University, aifarira kudzidza fisikiti uye mathematics, filosofi uye nhoroondo (hurukuro Klyuchevsky), saka akaenderera mberi nekudzidza kwake muEngland, Cambridge. Akanyora tsananguro uye akadzidza mabhizimisi emucheka. Uye mushure mekurohwa kwaMorozov, akadzokera kumusha ndokutora mutungamiri wezvigadzirwa pazera remakore makumi maviri nemashanu. Mutungamiri wenyika akazove akanaka chaizvo. Kubva kuEngland zvombo zvakanyorwa, Savva vakanatsa zvikwereti, vakawedzera mibare, vakavaka zvivako zvevashandi. Timofey Savich akadana mwanakomana wake se-socialist uye aitya kuti aizovhuna mutsipa wake nenzira yakadaro yebhizimisi yefekitari.

Kunyadzisa kubudirira

Asi Morozovs 'sangano rakabudirira zvakadaro. Nikolskaya Manufactory akanga atova munzvimbo yechitatu munyika yose maererano nehupfumi hwekugadzirwa. Zvishongo zveMorozov zvakanga zvakanyanya kudarika kuBritish, kunyange kunze kwenyika, kunyange muChina nePersia. Kunyangwe Savva Morozov aisagona kutarisira zvinhu zvose pamunhu mumwe nomumwe, mapikicha uye mifananidzo yakawanda inoratidza kuti mushure mezvose, akaisa zvinhu zvose, akaisa amai vake kumashure - muridzi wei manufactory - mukuzivikanwa, asi nguva yakawanda yaasina. Kwete fekitari imwe yakashamisika amai vangu mwanakomana.

Pamusoro pe rudo pamberi Savva uyewo nechivimbo akakunda. Nechinokanganisa chakadaro, vekare Morozovs haana kumbosangana. Akawira murudo nemukadzi akaroorwa, uye kunyange mudzimai wehama yake. Kurambana muRussia kwave kusina maturo, uye Old Believers aisakwanisa kushivirira chinhu chakadaro, nokuda kwavo chakanga chakaoma uye chisingagamuchiri. Asi zvakadaro, yakadaro yaiva biography yemurume semunhu anoramba achidaro Savva Morozov. Mhuri yakanyadziswa, uye muchato wacho wakaitwa.

Zinaida Grigoryevna

Morozov akasarudza mukadzi nerudzi rwemai vake: asingakoshi, anozvikudza, asina maturo, uye asingadi chido uye ane njere zvikuru. Aida hupfumi, uye murume wake akamunyaradza. Pamugwagwa Spiridonovka muimba nhamba yechishanu, yakavakirwa zvakakwana kune mudzimai wechidiki, vakagara. Iye zvino hazezeze kutungamira kuHurumende yeZvenyika DzekuRussia, nenzira. Uyezve Zinaida Grigorievna akaronga kugamuchira. Iye, kunyange zvazvo aiva nhaka, asi achiri mutengesi, akashanyira zviso zvemhuri yeumambo uye vanhu vakakurumbira vehurumende. Kunyange zvazvo, kazhinji, mukadzi akareba haana kumboita. Savva Timofeevich Morozov, uyo maziviro aibva pamakurukota evatengesi, haana nguva dzose kunzwisisa zvinangwa zvemudzimai wake, asi akaisa zvose zvaakaita.

Iko kushongedza kweimba kwakaratidzika sechinhu chinodhura china shop. Chero kateti nekamuri yekurara yeSawa yakaita sechidimbu chekuchengetedza, kunze kwechibvumirano cheIvan the Terrible kubva pamusangano weAntokolsky, pakanga pasina chimiro chimwe chete ikoko. Asi mudzimai wangu akazununguka. Semuenzaniso, kugamuchira mhuri yeumambo paNizhny Novgorod yakarurama, akagamuchira kutaura kwekuti chitima chepfeko yomudzimai wake yakareba kwenguva yakareba kupfuura yekadzikadzi, uye ichi chikanganiso chakakura panyaya yekuchenjera uye kuzvininipisa. Asi panguva iyoyo, Sawa haana hanya nemudzimai wake. Uyu wakaroorana hauna kunyange wakaponeswa nevana vaSavva Morozov. Iyo biography pano haina kuisa kuguma, nokuti chinonyanya kufadza chekakurumbira manufactory ichiri kuuya. Uye mudzimai wake, zvakangoitika, akazova, pakupedzisira, aine chiremera shure kwekufa kweSawa.

The Moscow Art Theater

Morozov akanyatsofungisisa ruble rimwe nerimwe, asi haana kumbozvidemba nemari yemabasa akanaka: kubudisa mabhuku, mapepanhau, kubatsira Red Cross, nezvimwe zvakawanda. Asi chinhu chikuru icho acharangarirwa nacho kwenguva yakareba nekutenda ndiko kuvakwa nekugadzirwa kweMoscow Art Theatre, kwaakashandisa mabhiriki mazana matatu ezvuru zvekuvakira Savva - mari yakawanda.

Akaronga mazano makuru emitambo yekuita: kusvikidzika, mutengo unogamuchirwa wemakiti, repertoire inongonakidza chete munzanga. Uye zvino yakaonekwa pamugwagwa mazita amai amai Sawa - Maria Fedorovna Andreeva. Hongu, iyo mishanduriro, Lenin akaona, yakanga iri muwanano yevamwe neGorky. Mutori wenhau MKATA uye rakanakisisa pane vose vateereri vomuRussia. Nhoroondo yacho yakanga ine dutu.

Bolshevichka

Andreeva akanga achiwana mari kune vaBolshevik. Nokudaro, mapurisa akavanzika achaverenga kuti akakwanisa kutamisa RSDLP rubles mamiriyoni akawanda. Ichi hachisi kunyange hurumende, asi bhajeti yenyika duku. Lenin akadana Maria Feodorovna shamwari yechiitiko. Mukuru mukuru weRussia, Savva Morozov, uyo ane nhoroondo yakazara uye yakabatana zvachose nekudzvinyirirwa kwevanhu, ane boka revaKomonisiti, vanopikisana nevakuru.

Yaiva yemari yake Iskra yakabudiswa, pamwe nemapepanhau Borba naNova Zhizn, vose Bolshevik. Iye pachake akatakura kupararira kweIskra kumucheto komuganhu, kuwedzera pane zvinyorwa zvekunyora, akavanza kumba asingabvumirwi nepamutemo kubva kune dzimwe nyika shamwari dzinokosha uye akagovera mabhuku asina kurambidzwa mufekitari yake, iyo yaakambobatwa nayo. Mutungamiriri-Gavhuna, Grand Duke Sergey, babamunini vaTsar vakataura naVa Savva Morozov pamusoro peizvi. Uye zvinhu zvose hazvisi kushandiswa.

Philosophy

Morozov Savva Timofeevich, ane nhoroondo pfupi inotaura nezvehukama hwepedyo nevashambadziri vasiri mvumo, yakanga isiri revolutionary. Iyo yekare yekutenda nzira yehupenyu mairi yakaurayiwa neuropeji yeEurope. Slavophilism uye kunyange populism zvakaita sechinhu chiduku. Uye zvino izvi zvinoshamisa Mashenka nematorike echikominisiti uye bhuku rakanaka rakadanwa rinonzi "Capital." Maxim Gorky, uyo akava shamwari yake yapedyo, ndiye akachenjera, ane tarenda akawanda.

The deal na Savva Morozov yakapera zvakashata. Kudzidza pamusoro pekuda kwakasimuka pakati pe shamwari yake yepamusoro: munyori murombo uye mukadzi wake anodikanwa, mutambi wechidiki akaderera murombo - muumbi akaurayiwa chete. Asi akanga ane hanya naMaria Feodorovna, uyo akanga atoenda kune Alexey Maksimovich, akamupa mari, Gorky, uye Social Democrats. Bequeathed Andreeva inshuwarisi yehurumende yemakumi zana emabhuru kune mutakuri. Ndakamupa iyo uye ndakaenda kuCannes kuti ndipfukidze pandiri ipapo. Nyaya yose yakaitika maererano nemitemo yemabhuku edu echiRussia, saka biography ya Savva Timofeevich Morozov yakapera.