Moscow diocesan house: nhoroondo, kukosha, musi wekutsaurira kwekutanga. Chii chinonzi Moscow Diocesan House yakakurumbira?

Imba yakakurumbira yeDoscow diocesan iri muLihov Lane. Zvakakosha sechinhu chakaitika uye chivakwa chekuvaka, mumasvingo ayo maiva nezviitiko zvakakosha zveChechi yeRussian Orthodox.

Kuvakwa kweimba

Imba yeMoscow diocesan yakaonekwa muna 1902. Yakanga yakavakwa nemari kubva kuSosaiti yeVanoda Chiedza cheMweya. Iri sangano rakagadzirirwa kuongorora nhoroondo yechechi uye kuitisa zvidzidzo zvekuchera matongo. Imba yeDooscow diocesan yaifanira kuva pakati pezvesayenzi uye zvekudzidzisa zvevanhu.

Mari yekuvaka yakaunganidzwa kuburikidza nemipiro. Pamwe chete, 355 zviuru zveRubles zvakashandiswa. Pfungwa iyi yakakomborerwa neMoscow Metropolitan Vladimir Bogoyavlensky. Muchechi, ivo vaida zvikuru nzvimbo yekutumirwa kwechimiro chitsva kuonekwa muguta repiri guru kune imwe nyika. Zuva rekutsaurira kwekutanga imba yeDooscesan kuMoscow waiva musi waNovember 5, 1902. Mhemberero yacho yaitungamirirwa naProtopriest Ivan Mansvetov. Imba yacho yakatsaurirwa muzita raGuru Duke Vladimir Svyatoslavovich - Mubhabhatidzi weRussia.

Discovery

PaMharidzo panguva yekuvhenekera, Archpriest Mansvetov akatsanangura muchidimbu kukosha kweimba yeDooscese yeMoscow. Yakanga isingarangwi nekuda kwezvinangwa zvemweya, semamwe maatemberi chaiwo. Chivako ichi chaiva chivimbo chekujekeswa, icho chava chekuchengetedza zviuru zvemabhuku. Imba yacho yakapiwa hurukuro uye kuverengwa kwevanhu pachirevo cheOrthodoxy. Pano pane nzvimbo yemamishinari yakazarurirwa, apo munhu wose aigona kuuya kuzobatana nechechi. Temberi yakava nzvimbo yekunamatira zuva nezuva. Imwe nyanzvi yeimbai yakaimba pamitambo yemitambo.

Mhemberero yekuzarura nekugadza kwakapinda Gavhuna weMoscow-General Sergey Alexandrovich, uyo akanga ari rume naNicholas II. Mumwe nhengo yemhuri yeumambo akaongorora nzvimbo yose uye akafara nebasa rakagadzirwa neSosaiti yeVanoda Chiedza cheMweya.

Local Council

Mhinduro yekutanga kumubvunzo wekuti imba yekuMoscow yeDoocesan yakakurumbira ndeyekutaura kuti muna 1917-1918, Pano paiva iyo yose-Russian Local Council. Ichi chiitiko chakanga chiri nguva yekugadzirira yese yeOrthodoxy. Kutanga, mahedheni emunharaunda haasati aitwa kubvira muzana remakore rechigumi nemana. Kuputsa kwakakura kwakabatanidzwa nekusikwa kweSinodhi, kubviswa kwehukuru hwekare uye kugadziriswa kwechechi kuenda kunyika. Muvambi wezvigadziriswa izvi aiva Peter I, uyo aida kuwana simba rimwechete.

Zvisinei, pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20, mamiriro ezvinhu muRussia akanga akasiyana zvikuru. Apo Guta reKuta rakavhurwa, umambo hwakanga husisipo. Panguva ino, yeFebruary Revolution yakaitika , iyo yakaparadza simba reTsar. Pasi pemamiriro matsva, Chechi yeRussian Orthodox, pakupedzisira, inogona zvakare kuzvidzivirira kune simba rekudenga. Kuti zvive zvakasimba kusimbisa izvi uye ndokutanga basa rayo kereke. Nzvimbo yemisangano yake yaiva yeMoscow Diocesan House. Kune chechi, pamusoro peSt. Petersburg, zvakanga zvakakosha kuronga chiitiko chakadaro muguta guru, iro kwemazana emakore rakange riri pakati peOrthodoxy.

Kudzorerwa kwechizvarwa chekare

Dare remunharaunda rakashanda kwemwedzi inenge 13. Mumakore ekupedzisira muna 1917, maOctober Revolution yakaitika, uye vaBolshevik vakauya. Hurumende itsva ndiyo imwe yekutanga kugadzira chirevo pamusoro pekuparadzanisa kereke nehurumende. Zvichakadaro, kune kereke, pane chimwe chinhu chakaitika icho chakakurumbira kumusha weDooscese weMoscow.

Musi waNovember 4, 1917, pamusangano wepurogiramu, yakasarudzwa kudzorera musoro wemukuru wemhuri, kubviswa naPeter I. Ichi chiitiko chakave chiratidzo chetsva mutsva muhupenyu hweChechi yeRussia Orthodox. Tikhon Bellavin akasarudzwa kuva mukuru wekutanga mushure mekunge muzana remakore maviri.

Panguva imwecheteyo, kudzokorora kwekutanga kweBolshevik kwakatanga kurwisana nechechi nevatungamiri vayo. Musi waFebruary 25, 1918, yakazozivikanwa kuti Kiev Metropolitan Volodymyr akanga aurayiwa. Yaiva iye, makore mashomanana apfuura, uyo aiva mumwe wevatangi vekuvakwa kweimba yeDooscesan kuMoscow. Mune ramangwana, mazana evanhu vakawanda vakapinda mumisangano yeNational Council vakatsiviwa uye vakatambudzwa. Vamwe vavo vakatora kufa kunorwadza. 40 vanhu vakazotevera vakaverengwa sevasande sevatendi vatsva. Musi waSeptember 20, 1918, vaBolshevik vakamanikidzika kukanganisa basa reNzvimbo yeKuta mumusha weDooscesan kuMoscow.

Kuvhara

Muna 1918, veOrthodox People's Academy yakazarurirwa muimba yevadhiocesa. Kwenguva yaro yakanga iri yega yepamusoro sangano rekudzidzisa, mune dzidzo yezvidzidzo uye yepanyika yakabatanidzwa. Akakwanisa kushanda zvishomanana. Kushingaira kwehurumende yeSoviet yeOrthodoxy yakaramba ichienderera mberi.

Nenguva isipi purogiramu inopesana nechitendero yakatanga pasi pemutauro wekudaidzira nzvimbo yechechi. Icho chikonzero chekuparadza chikava chirevo chekuti tsika dzaizotengeswa, uye mari yacho yaizoenda kunobatsira kune nzara yeVolga.

Pasi payo rink yakauya uye imba yeDoscow diocesan. Nhoroondo yekutanga yokuvapo kwake yakaguma apo muna 1922 chivako chakavharwa. Kwemakumi maviri emakore emabasa ikoko kwakave yakasiyana neyemumusumusi maunganidzwa akatsaurirwa kuOrthodox antiquities uye zvinyorwa. Zvose zvakaratidzwa uye mabhuku akasiyana-siyana zvaida kubhadharwa. Temberi yeVladimir yakanyanya kukuvara, iyo, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvishongedzo zvose zvakangoparadzwa.

Nguva yeSoviet

Mumakore eU.SR, chivako muLihov Lane chakashandura varidzi vazhinji. Chokutanga kwaiva neKrupskaya Academy, uyewo mafirimu. Mushure mekubhadharwa kweimba yacho, kuvakwa kweimba yacho kwakatanga, kusanganisira temberi. Zvose zvakaitwa kudzivirira kuonekwa kweimba kuti zviyeuchidze yekare yeOrthodox. Iyo darama yegoridhe uye bhenji yakaparadzwa.

Kwenguva yakati chivakwa chacho chakashandiswa neChronic and Technological Institute yakatumidzwa zita raDmitry Mendeleyev. Muna 1930, chivako chakaendeswa kune zvido zvemhizha refirimu. The Central Documentary Film Studio yakavhurwa pano. Iyi sangano yakazova yakakosha kunyika yose yeSoviet. Muna 1931, iyo studio yakafura firimu yekutanga yepurazi inonzi "Kuisa muupenyu." Munguva yeGreat Great Patriotic, chivako chacho chakaunzwa mafirimu kubva mberi kuenda kune zvinyorwa zvemashoko.

Chivakwa chine muridzi asina kujeka

Apo simba reCommunist raiva munguva yakapfuura, Chechi yeRussia Orthodox yakatanga kuburikidza nedare rekutsvaga kubva kuhurumende kudzoka kwevakarasika. Chokutanga pane zvose, izvi, zvechokwadi, yaiva dzimba. Muna 1992, the Orthodox St. Tikhon Theological Institute yakatangwa muMoscow. Iyi nheyo yepamusoro yezvidzidzo yakazopedzisira yava imwe yeiyo inonyanya kukosha munharaunda yayo. Mune rimwechete 1992, hutungamiri hwechikoro hwakatanga kuzadza hofisi yemaire nemazano ekudzoka kweimba yeDooscese yeMoscow.

Apo chivakwa chakanga chavakwa chete, chakanga chave chinangwa chekudzidzisa zvinangwa. Mune izvi zvakange zvakafanana nechechigadzirwa cheOrthodox. MuMutungamiriri wezvematongerwo makumi mashanu Alexy II pachake akanyora tsamba kuna Mutungamiri Boris Yeltsin nezvikumbiro zvekufunga nezvekudzoka kweimba yakakurumbira yechechi. Zvadaro kwakanyorerwa kwakanyorwa kwakasayinwa, kwakasayirwa naAnatoly Chubais.

Kudzoka kumba kwechechi

Mumakore ekuma90, chivako chacho chichiri nekodhadhi studio. Akange aparadzwa. Vatungamiri varo vakasarudza kubvuma kubhadhara uye kutengesa chivako. Pasi pemitemo yekutengeserana, yakapinda mumaoko ekambani yega yega yaida kuparadza imba ndokuisa panzvimbo yayo mahofisi matsva.

Ipapo kereke yakatanga kupomera veneti. Makumi makumi maviri akatadza. Yakanga yakareba uye inotyisa. Kukundikana kwave kuchibatanidzwa nokusakanganiswa kwezvinyorwa uye zvimwe zvinetso zvekuita. Panguva iyoyo chivakwa chacho chakanga chiri mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, zvichikonzerwa nekushaiwa kwenguva refu kwekugadzirisa.

Kudzorerwa nekudzorerwa zvakare

Mushure mokunge imba yakakurumbira zvakare ikava nzvimbo yechechi, kufambiswa kweprojekiti pakudzoka kwechitarisiko chayo chakaitika kwakatanga. Muna 2006, nyanzvi yekambani yakaratidza chivako sechinhu chetsika. Pashure pacho, basa rokudzorera rakatanga.

Yokutanga yaiva kudzorerwa kwetemberi, zvishoma gare gare - zororo rese. Zuva rechipiri rokutsaurira kweMoscow diocesan house ndiDecember 17, 2014. Pamusoro pebhero shongwe yekereke yemo yakasimudzirwa mumba uye inodarika.

Kugadzwa kwekutanga kweimba yeDooscesan kuMoscow kwakapedzerwa nekuti imwe yeOrthodox chiedza chekuvhenekera yakaonekwa muchivako. Mushure mokudzorerwa kwetsika yematunhu nzvimbo muna 2015, chivako chitsva chikuru cheOrthodox St. Tikhon Humanitarian University yakazaruka pano.