Ko kwemvura chirimwa? Chii chinokonzera Fani iyi?

Vakawanda vaigara ane simba nepfungwa kukosha nembesa upenyu panyika. Zvichakadai, kureva zvirimwa zvinopa replenishment reokisijeni mumhepo Nyika, herbivore zvokudya uye zvimwe zvipenyu, zvoutachiona tsvina uye bikurudza carbon dioxide.

Uye kunyange mvura izonaya zvakasikwa hazvifungiki pasina nemiti! Munoziva chinokosha kwemvura chirimwa, uye nokuda biosphere yose? Kana kwete, ipapo isu nokuti makandigadzirira ino!

Sezvo mvura inoyerera kupinda zvinyama uye chirimwa masero?

Kuburikidza midzi uye mudzi bvudzi nemvura wefodya, uye ipapo anopararira yose muviri chirimwa. Sezvandakakupai masero mhuka, mvura yavo - upenyu pachahwo uyewo muti rinenge vanopfuura 90% nayo kubva mvura.

Molecules zvakawanda munyu pamusoro zvisaririra zvinhu kuti ichiputswa iri mvura, vane imwe kumanikidza muchitokisi Kamudzira, kuti vafambe nayo chaiye ezvinhu asingagoni.

Fani iyi inonzi osmotic kumanikidzwa. Chokwadi, mvura pacharo muchimiro ane isotonic mhinduro kuti munyu uyewo atambanudza iri kusanduka muchitokisi membrane. The voltage zvinoratidzwa neshoko "turgor". Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, akafanirwa mvura ukaparadzawo munyu chirimwa rinenge anodzokororwa kwakavharwa nenyama uye kwakavharwa nenyama mamiriro. Asi ichi zvinoitika chete mumamiriro ezvinhu ose romuzvarirwo mvura-munyu muviri.

Saka kwemvura chirimwa sei kukosha? Kana mvura runopwa kubva muchitokisi, wevasungwa kuti munyu imomo kunova huru. The kuramba mhinduro anotanga kuzochera mvura kuburikidza sero Kamudzira chero kuyambuka isotonic. Kusiyana munyu kuwanda muchitokisi uye mvura kuti anopinda chirimwa kuti anosarudza simba kubvisa.

Kukosha kwemvura pakuitika

On pemvura jira vane tuduku maburi stomata. Uchibatsirwa kwavo chirimwa anorasikirwa mwando kubva ayo nechepamusoro. Uye sei kukosha ndiyo kwemvura chirimwa iyi? Chinonyanya kukosha, sezvo akafanirwa kune kwemvura uye kuwedzera munyu wevasungwa muchitokisi akasikwa kubvisa simba kukurudzira kuyerera mvura uye zvinovaka muviri kune masero uye munyama.

Chaizvoizvo, vose kufamba zvinwiwa iri chirimwa zvinogoneka chete nokuda kwemvura muitiro. Hazvina zvakafanira kutenda kuti chiitiko ichi riri kudzora: mashizha stomata anogona achasvinudzwa uye akavharwa pane chikamu chimwe muzana, zvakakwana nokugadzirisa kusimba yezwi mwando kupinda zvakatipoteredza. Murima zvakakwana, uye ari masikati zuva, ivo zvachose bindepinde, kudzivisa kupera mvura mumuviri zvirimwa.

Kubva izvo zvichiri kunotsamira ingress mvura kupinda cytoplasm masero

Kana kusimba kufamba zvinwiwa vari munyama iri chirimwa kwaienderana bedzi pamusoro kwemvura, zvingava kumiswa zvachose usiku. Chokwadi chokuti dzimwe mvura runopwa kuburikidza cuticle nguva dzose, asi chayo iduku kwazvo.

Kana Unopedza chete chiitiko, akagura muti chaipo parutivi mudzi chipika, iwe akakurumidza kuona kuti mvura ichiri mberi iyerere kubva pamidzi. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mvura inofamba kuburikidza chirimwa rinenge ndiyewo nokuda musiyano pakati mhinduro kuwanda.

Mukuwedzera, chihombe basa izvi ndiyewo mudzi kufurirwa, nemhaka iyo chirimwa chinopfuura mwando mu "midziyo", inoumbwa akaturikidzana ganda masero akafa.

Sezvo tichirarama munyama havasi ikoko, pachena mvura anouya mashizha kubudikidza stomata apo kwemvura ataurwa pamusoro.

ari kwemvura chirimwa saka sei kukosha, kana iwe vainyora mashoko ose? Chekutanga, kufamba famba somugumisiro Fani iyi mvura kuburikidza chirimwa kupararira muviri. Chechipiri, anoramba kwemvura kunokosha zvikuru kuti miti kukura kumaodzanyemba munharaunda. Evaporating mvura inotonhodza yose chirimwa iri banal.

Sezvaunogona kuona, kuti kwemvura yemvura zvinomera upenyu chinoita basa rinokosha.

Kubva mwando Absorção de Água uye Ipwa

The nyore kuedza masayendisiti zvakaratidza kuti zviuru zvikamu kubudikidza Vhoriyamu mvura kwakaitwa chirimwa kugaya hapana kupfuura vatatu. All vamwe 997 zvikamu maererano nokurema evaporating. In edu miti okunze zvinoda pamusoro kilogram sasana mvura kuumba zvakafanana uwandu akaoma nyaya. Muchidimbu, kusimba Fani iyi kunobva okunze ari kwaunogara.

kuedza masayendisiti

Scientist Shlessing vaviri emakore akapfuura, vakabata mumwe kunakidza ruzivo. Akatora vatatu mugwenzi fodya, vaviri zviri vakadyarwa pakachena muvhu. Musiyano pakati pavo kwakanga chete Kuronga ivhu uye kumhara nzvimbo. A yechitatu chirimwa akanga midzi muhari, iyo yaiva mukamuri ezvinhu, asi yairamba akazadza Hood.

Somugumisiro kuedza ake, akaona kuti pamakwenzi maviri zvose zvinomera vokutanga Ipwa anenge katatu semvura zhinji, asi achiumbwa zviviri (!) Times zvishoma yakaoma nyaya, pane "nzvimbo" fodya.

Asi! Kana akapisa miti miviri yokutanga, pamwe Ndakashamiswa Ndakazoona kuti chicherwa zvinhu zvine nehafu nguva yakawanda. Saka, anodyara zvakakwana simba kwemvura ine mwando kunyanya pasi inopisa dzisinganayi nharaunda kana nguva, kunosvitsa zvakawandisa kugadzirwa chicherwa zvinhu, kuti ivo chaizvoizvo asina kudiwa.

Kukosha kwemvura muupenyu zvirimwa

Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya panyaya zvirimwa. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, chiitiko ichi kunoderedza muviri kukosha uye kuravidza kwavari, nekuti zvakawandisa nedota zvinhu isakarurama kunokanganisa nenhamba idzi. Saizvozvowo, vakawedzera kwemvura kwemvura kunoita kuti chirimwa kunyange kwazvo Kuparadzwa nevhu, sezvo zvicherwa zvakawanda kubva pairi.

Seiko isu ndichikuudzai izvi zvose? Just haasi munhu wose anonzwisisa kuti zvose zvakasikwa zviri interconnected. No tsaona kuti inopisa nharaunda ivhu kunodiwa isa fotereza kakawanda. Uyezve, mune kudzi- akadaro apo zviri kuva nehanya kushanda chicherwa fetiraiza, izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kukura kurima zvaiitwa kurimwa zvirimwa siyana nyanzvi.

Impact pamusoro kuravidza uye muviri unhu miti

Zvisinei, chirimwa Breeders vane kubva kare akacherechedza kuti mumakore akaoma, kana miti vanofanira kuramba diridza muviri kukosha kwavo anosiya zvikuru kana ichienzaniswa zvikuru kubudirira maererano kunonaya makore. Saka kwemvura chirimwa upenyu rine yakakura basa pane kuti kufunga kubva kunze.

Hazvishamisi, mumakore kunyanya inopisa, kana uwandu mwando muvhu iri zvikuru ipfupi uye evaporative vachikwanisa anodonhedza kushoma, kukura zvinomera rakapotsa ramira. In ezvinhu aya, haachagoni atonhodze pacharo, asi nekuti kazhinji banal chakaoma.

zvakawanikwa

Kunyange nounyoro nguva pfupi nzara nokuti ichi pamusoro mashizha nokukurumidza kuzviratidza kwazvo kutsva. Izvi zvinonyanya kutaurwa avo munzvimbo pane mhepo, kuti shungu uye akaoma chaizvo mhepo.

Kana pasina zvinoitwa, zvino izvi zviitiko ekunze anogona kuparadza kunyange rose mumunda anorimwa zvirimwa nyore. Just akafunga kurima, nenguva kudiridza uye sora masimba anogona kubatsira kuponesa kukohwa. Zvisinei, vanhu vanoziva izvi yakareba chaizvo nguva.

Tinovimba zvino isu chokwadi kuti kwemvura mune miti - rinokosha chichiitwa, pasina izvo havagoni panyama kuvapo.