Pezvakaitwa uye midziyo Chemical Technology

Modern makemikari kwacho kunosanganisira kukuya, vachipwanya, chokufambisa-siyana zvinhu. Vamwe vavo anotendeukira kubudiswa muna aerosol chimiro, iyo yakaumbwa guruva pamwe mhepo uye muitiro magasi mumhepo. Funga kunyatsogona nemakemikari zvigadzirwa, Pari kushandiswa kugadzirwa.

Midziyo nokuti pakuchenesa gaseous zvinhu

Muguruva tudonhwe yakakwirira zvachose pamusoro nharaunda, somugumisiro, ivo Ratidza kunowedzera zvoutachiona uye nemakemikari basa. Mune zvimwe zvinhu muchimiro aero AND, zvivako zvitsva Somuenzaniso, vanokwanisa nomuzvarirwo putika. Kune siyana mano kwemakemikari ruzivo inoshandiswa rokuchenesa kubva zvaAtemisi gaseous zvinhu kubva siyana hukuru uye chimiro seguruva.

Pasinei Misiyano iri kugadzirwa, musimboti wavo zvinoitwa inobva weighted kutotanga kunonoka.

Dutu uye pyleosaditelnye kamera

Nokuongorora dzakasiyana-siyana pezvakaitwa uye mano kwemakemikari zvigadzirwa, omerera boka guruva-nokukwezva mano, izvo zvinosanganisira:

• Michina guruva vateresi;
• madutu;
• zhalyuznye muenzaniso
• pyleosaditelnye kamera.

Pakati zvakanakira mano aya, tinoona pakururama yokugadzirwa kwawo, saka ivo anobudiswa pamusoro unyanzvi mabhizimisi.

Zvazvakadaro mano kubvisa nyanzvi akacherechedza kukwana kunyatsoshanda, kudiwa apiwa okuchenesa. Ose guruva rokubvisa mano anoshanda maererano Centrifugal ehondo, zvakasiyana simba uye kumhanya deposition guruva inoramba.

Somuenzaniso, dzenhoroondo makemikari sulfuric iine acid kugadzira michina kunosanganisira kushandisa nedutu kuti kubviswa nouipi kubva vira gasi yakaumbwa mumakore calcination kuti pyrite. Gas, rine tudonhwe calcine (triiron tetraoxide), anopinda nedutu kuburikidza tangential inokosha kamwene, ipapo rotates pamwe yomukati madziro midziyo. Kuunganidza uye deposition guruva rinoitwa muguruva muunganidzwa Hopper, uye ndokunatsawo gasi runoyerera kumusoro, akatevera unopinda midziyo kuburikidza nechepakati chubhu.

The kwemakemikari kwacho kunosanganisira kushandisa nedutu apo kune zvichiguma gaseous fuma haiisi dzakakwirira zvinodiwa.

midziyo kukwesha

Wet kwacho indasitiri ano anonzi rimwe inonyatsobudirira uye nyore mishonga ine maindasitiri gasi kubva siyana akarembedzwa inoramba. Pezvakaitwa uye apparatuses kwemakemikari michina chokuita nyoro pakuchenesa magasi, zvino kudiwa kwete chete mururimi asiwo dzimwe indasitiri. Kuwedzera particulate yacho, vanokwanisa utape gasi uye mhute zvinoriumba kuti kuderedza unhu zvigadzirwa.

Pane kupesana mano dzakadaro yakazara negomba, furo uye sefuro, kugadzikana uye Centrifugal marudzi.

Disintegrator rine rotor uye stator inopiwa rinokosha mutungamiriri Vanes. The mvura zvokudya munzvimbo kugadzira rotor kubudikidza mokugezera. Nokuda gasi rukova uchifamba pakati pamarin'i stator uye rotor, kukuya rinoitwa vakapinda vakaparadzana mumate, zvichiguma yakawedzera kuonana pamusoro magasi ane mvura mubati inoramba. Nokuda simba Centrifugal guruva kukandwa pamusoro pamasvingo mudziyo, uye ipapo goho kwazviri, uye Yakanatswa gaseous zvinhu kuwira zvinotevera Unit, kana kusunungurwa mumhepo.

udzamu firita

Kazhinji makemikari Michina hunosanganisira Implementation rokuchenesa zvinhu kuburikidza chaiwo porous madziro. Nzira iyi presupposes pamwero wakakwirira yokuzvinatsa kubudikidza zvakasiyana siyana yakaturikwa nezvimedu, zvisinei porous filters kudiwa mu makemikari indasitiri.

chinetso chavo chikuru anonzi kudiwa humwe hurongwa yaitsiva Sefa zvinoriumba uye guru kukura nemotokari.

Industrial filters vari rakamuka-kamuka granular uye jira makirasi. Ivo zvakagadzirirwa wokunatswa maindasitiri gaseous zvinhu kuva mukuru Kuwanda vakaparadzirwa danho. Kuti tiite nguva nenguva nokubviswa vaunganidza inoramba iri regenerating midziyo akashongedzerwa chaizvo namano.

Features Refinery

Mutete Michina namakemikari chokuita kuchenesa epetroleum zvigadzirwa kubva zvemaziso tsvina uye mwando, inobva mupise pezvakaitwa.

Pakati pezvakaitwa avo uye apparatuses kuti dziri kushandiswa mune petrochemical indasitiri, akaporazve nokuda filtration achishandisa coalescing partitions, Ultrasound. Tiine Centrifugal separator, coalescing filters, sedimentation hurongwa, pre-rokuchenesa Danho rinoitwa.

Kuti aite kunzwisisa mafuta yokunatswa parizvino kushandiswa porous polymeric sezvamunoita sezvo ari firita acho.

Ivo vakaratidza kunyatsoshanda yavo, mukurumari, kuvimbika, saka vari kushandiswa zvikuru nevanhu nemakemikari rwokugadzira.

dzemagetsi filters

Chemical pezvakaitwa kweShanduro sulfuric iine acid michina kunosanganisira kushandisa zvikurukuru mudziyo uyu. The rokuchenesa kunyatsoshanda mairi kubva 90 kusvika 99.9 muzana. Electrostatic filters zvinogona musungo mvura nezvimedu yakasimba pamusoro hukuru siyana, basa mano ari tembiricha siyana 400-5000 Celsius.

Nemhaka yakaderera anodawo mari mano aya vakapiwa yakawanda kupararira ano makemikari indasitiri. Pakati mikuru zvinokanganiswa akafanana zvokushandisa, govera nouchapupu kutanga mari kuvakwa yavo, uyewo kudiwa hombe nzvimbo installation.

Kubva zvoupfumi nemaonero, vanofanira kushandiswa panguva Mabatirwo zvaikosha mavhoriyamu, zvimwe kushandiswa electrostatic precipitators achava basa inodhura.

contactor

Chemistry uye makemikari Michina kunosanganisira kushandisa michina yakasiyana-siyana uye namano. kuvamba ichi sezvo kuonana mudziyo aiendeswa kuita CATALYTIC kwendangariro. Somuenzaniso, maitiro oxidation rwesarufa oxide (4) vari sarufa dioxide, inova imwe nhanho pagadzirwe sulfuric acid.

Nokuda zononoka, ari TOUR-gasi ichipfuura anowedzera rukoko dzinongoda pamusoro chaizvo partitions. Nokuda nokudyidzana midziyo iri yekudyidzana zvakawedzera kunyatsoshanda pamusoro CATALYTIC oxidation chikwata nyore yokuzvigadzirisa.

Special bvisika tswanda ane inodzivirira paiva tiwedzere runoita yokutsiva ayo pasina matambudziko.

chomubisiro

midziyo iyi rinoshandiswa pagadzirwe sulfuric asidhi kubva simbi pyrites. Chemical kuita kunoitika panguva tembiricha kuti 700 ° C. Nokuda countercurrent musimboti, zvinobatanidza kubuda mu wakatarisana mirayiridzo mhepo okisijeni uye nesimbi pyrite, Yaunoti fluidized mubhedha. The Chaizvoizvo ndechokuti zvicherwa zvacho vari akaronga noruvara nokuda Vhoriyamu okisijeni, iyo runovimbisa yepamusoro nepamahofisi oxidation rikurumidze.

Pashure pokupedza oxidation kwacho, kwaizoita "Mwenje" (simbi oxide) rikawira rinokosha Hopper, kubva apo chinobviswa nguva nenguva. The zvichiguma-muvira gasi (sarufa oxide 4) iri akatumira kucheneswa kubva muguruva, ipapo akaomeswa.

Modern kilns akashandiswa makemikari indasitiri, unogona kuderedza kurasikirwa kuita zvigadzirwa, panguva iyoyowo kuwedzera mhando iri mu-muvira gasi.

Kuti mhanyisa chirongwa oxidation ose pyrite mu choto vachiridzira, kubudisa sulfuric iine acid pokutangira zvinhu zviri preliminarily pasi.

Shahtennye muvira

reactors kwakadaro zvinosanganisira kwebhosvo yamavira, achiumba hwaro simbi indasitiri. Mhosva muwisira romoto, iri atsvaka ane chikafu reokisijeni kuburikidza mumakomba, uye ipapo kutonhora kunoguma kukandira simbi rinoitwa.

Various okunatsiridza akadaro mano dzave kushandiswa kubudiswa simbi kwete chete, asiwo ores emhangura, processing karusiyamu yeimwe.

mhedziso

Zvakaoma kufungidzira upenyu huzere ano munhu pasina kushandisa kwavari chigadzirwa kwemakemikari kugadzirwa. Makemikari Indasitiri, akavapindurawo, haagoni kushanda zvinobudirira pasina kushandisa zvoga uye zvemaziso ruzivo, kushandisa chinokosha michina. Pari makemikari indasitiri chinhu chisinganzwisisiki akagadzirwa midziyo uye michina kuti zvakagadzirirwa makemikari-mumuviri uye namakemikari pezvakaitwa, zvoga zvokushandisa chiputiriso uye kutungamidza zvigadzirwa.

Pakati zvikuru michina uye apparatuses, yakakurumbira mukurima kwakadaro, ari oga ndivo vanobvumira kuwedzera rwekuita pemvura muitiro, kuti aite yepamusoro mupise, uzere kupisa mukutsinhana, mukanyanyisa zvibereko kuita zvinhu, kuderedza simba mari.