Tectonic nemamiriro West Siberian mubani. West Siberian Plate

The West Siberian Plain ndohwaJehovha accumulative mhando uye ndiyo imwe rakakura nebani pamapani panyika. Nepariri, ndezvenguva West-Siberian ndiro. On Ndima yayo pane dziri Russian Federation uye kuchamhembe chikamu Kazakhstan. Tectonic nemamiriro West Siberian mubani zvakawanda uye zvakasiyana-siyana.

Tectonic Zvivako Russia

Russia iri muna Eurasia, chikuru kondinendi panyika, kuti zvinosanganisira vaviri nyika - Europe uye Asia. Rinotsemuka divi chiedza tectonic nemamiriro Mountains Ural. Map kunoita kuti nemaziso kuona Geological nemamiriro nyika. Tectonic zoning anokamura nharaunda Russia iri Geological zvinhu zvakadai pachikuva uye mheto kumatunhu. Geological Chimiro ndiyo akarondedzera kwakaita nzvimbo yacho iri pamusoro zvakananga. Tectonic hurongwa uye landforms kuvimba kuti vanopinda chii munzvimbo.

Mukati Russia pane dzakawanda dzine Geological. Tectonic Zvivako Russia akapa platforms peta bhandi uye gomo enyika. On mundima nyika inenge munzvimbo vose kuchiita chirongwa Kumbofungatira.

Huru platforms mukati mundima nyika vari East European, Siberian, West Siberian, Pechora uye muSitiya. Ivowo, akakamurwa dzakakwirira, pamapani uye mapani.

The nemamiriro akapeta mabhandi kurukura Ural-Mongolian, Mediterranean uye Pacific. Mountain enyika ari munharaunda Russia - kuCaucasus Mukuru, Altai, kuWestern uye Eastern Sayan Mountains, ari Verkhoyansk Range, Mountains Ural, kuti muhomba Cherskogo, Sikhote-Alin. Rinogona kutiudza pamusoro sei dzakaumbwa, stratigraphic tafura.

Tectonic mamiriro, chimiro kusunungurwa pamusoro munharaunda Russia yakaoma zvikuru uye siyana panyaya Morphology, geomorphology, uye orographic mavambo.

The Geological maumbirwo Russia

Chinzvimbo pamusoro lithospheric mahwendefa, iyo kuchengetwa nhasi - mugumisiro kunzwisisa refu Geological kukura. Mukati lithosphere dzinounzwa maturakiti huru panyika zvakasiyana mumwe neboka yakasiyana Zvinoumba pamatombo, avo chiitiko uye Geological kwendangariro. Panguva geotectonic zoning raFungisisa ukuru shanduko padombo Kuronga zimba matombo uye sedimentary butiro, kusimba kufamba nheyo. Ndima Russian rakakamurwa kupinda akapeta nzvimbo uye epiplatform activation. Geotectonic zoning rinofukidza zvose tectonic hurongwa. tafura stratigraphy rine mashoko pamusoro ano geotectonics Russia.

ruyamuro zvitarisiko vari kuumbwa kuburikidza yakadzika kufamba uye Kufurirwa nevamwe. A rinokosha iri kuridzwa parwizi. rwizi pamipata hova dziri akaumba mukufamba upenyu hwavo. Landforms uyewo unoumba glaciation. Somugumisiro ari rechando mumapani pane zvikomo anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri. Maumbirwe Nzvimbo ichiri yakafurira permafrost. Mugumisiro nechando uye thawing pamusoro subsurface mvura subsidence rikurumidze.

Siberian Precambrian kuchikuva ane mamiriro yekare. Nechepakati chikamu ndiwo nzvimbo Karelian Kumbofungatira, ari kumavirira nokumaodzanyemba-kumadokero kuumbwa Baikal akapeta. Munzvimbo yacho West-Siberian uye kuSiberia pamapani apararira Hercynian Kumbofungatira.

Relief kuWestern kweSiberia

The ndima Western kweSiberia matanho plunges kubva kurutivi rwezasi kusvikira kurutivi rwokumusoro. Relief yendima inomiririrwa-siyana siyana dzavo uye kunzwisisa mune mavambo. Chimwe chinokosha nzira rokuyamura ndiwo musiyano iri Mhedziso kwakadzikira. On the West Siberian Plain differential mhedziso zvinoratidza vakawanda mamita.

The sandara nomunzvimbo dzine uye zvishomanana pakukwirira kunokonzerwa amplitude duku ndiro rakaramba. On arikunze romubani kunonyanyisa amplitude rinosvika kwakadzikira kubva 100-150 mamita. Nechepakati uye kuchamhembe zvikamu achideredza amplitude pamusoro 100-150 mamita. Tectonic mamiriro Middle rwenze uye West Siberian mapani mukupera Cainozoic ari wakadzikama hwaiva.

The nenzvimbo nemamiriro West Siberian Plain

Nepariri, kuchamhembe mubani riri bordered paGungwa Kara, muganhu wezasi anomhanya pamwe kuchamhembe Kazakhstan uye anobata ake chikamu chiduku, kuti ayo kumavirira anotarisira Mountains Ural kumabvazuva - Central Siberian Plateau. North kusvikira kumaodzanyemba pachena kureba anenge 2500 km kureba kubva kumavirira kusvikira kumabvazuva zvichisiyana 800 kusvika 1900? Km. Plain nzvimbo iri pamusoro 3 Mill. ^Km2.

Plain ruyamuro monotonous, anenge akadzikama, dzimwe nguva mamiriro enzvimbo yakakwirira rinosvika 100 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Kumadokero, kumaodzanyemba uye kuchamhembe zvikamu kukwirira kwayo unogona kusvika kuna 300 metres. Achideredza ndima inobva kumaodzanyemba kusvikira kuchamhembe. Kazhinji, ari tectonic nemamiriro West Siberian mubani mumatauriro mamiriro enzvimbo.

On mundima huru nzizi inoyerera mumapani - Yenisei, Ob, Irtysh, pane madhamu uye anezvimiti. Okunze ndiko Continental.

The Geological nemamiriro West Siberian Plain

Location West Siberian Plain rinongoitwa kune eponymous Epihercynian ndiro. bhesimendi matombo dislocated zvakasimba uye ndezvaJehovha Paleozoic kumwedzi. Vakafukidza paiva gungwa uye kure negungwa Meso-kajnozojskih Fat (sandstones, That, uye zvichingodaro.) Ukobvu zvinopfuura 1000 mamita. Pamihoronga nheyo vanokwanisa ichi dzakasvikira 3000-4000 mamita. In kumaodzanyemba bani pane muduku - alluvial-dhamu sediments kuchamhembe bandi akura - glacial-zvomumvura sediments.

Tectonic nemamiriro West Siberian Plain inosanganisira chawo uye chokuyananisa.

The hwaro rakanyorwa ine mhando mwoyo ne pamawere mativi kumabvazuva uye kuchamhembe uye munyoro kubva kumaodzanyemba uye kumadokero. nheyo ndeizvi pre-Paleozoic, Baikal, Caledonian uye Hercynian nguva. Gurwa nheyo mitswe zvakadzama vemazera akasiyana. Most zvikanganiso zvikuru submeridional - ndiye East Zauralsky uye Kyiv-Pursky. Map of tectonic hurongwa hunoratidza kuti pose nheyo rakanyorwa ane wokunze pribortovyh bhandi uye yomukati nharaunda. The pepasi nheyo kunzwisisa maitiro rinobuda uye dzegirini.

Case interbedded Continental uye kumahombekombe-zvomumvura sediments inokwana 3000-4000 metres kumaodzanyemba uye nechokuchamhembe 7000-8000 mamita.

Central Siberian rwenze

Central Siberian Plateau iri kuchamhembe Eurasia. Zvinonzi rakamiswa pakati West Siberian Plain kumadokero, Central Yakut mubani kumabvazuva, North Siberian mumupata iri kuchamhembe, Baikal nharaunda, Transbaikalia uye Eastern Sayan Mountains iri kumaodzanyemba.

Tectonic mamiriro Middle rwenze yakarongwa kuti iitike Siberian Platform. Zvinoumba yakafanana nguva emadhaka Paleozoic uye Mesozoic Parodi hunhu nokuti muri stratified intrusions iyo ine misungo uye basalt machira.

Plateau ruyamuro chinosanganisira dzakafara nenzvimbo dzakakwirira anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri, panguva imwe chete, pane mipata kumawere. Paavhareji yakakwirira mutsauko zvakazorodza 500-700 metres, asi pane zvikamu ebani, apo Mhedziso chiratidzo hunopfuura 1000 metres, dzakadaro inosanganisira Yenisei Ridge uye Angara-Lena rwenze. Mumwe soro nzvimbo mundima ndohwavo Putorana rwenze, kukwirira kwayo kuri 1701 metres pamusoro pegungwa.

Central Range

The chikuru Watershed akatevedzana Kamchatka ndiye Central Range. Tectonic Chimiro iri seri, zvinosanganisira nenhongonya uye anopfuura nehurongwa. Range kunosvika kumusoro nezasi uye kureba 1200? Km. Kuchamhembe chikamu zviri dzichiitika vakawanda pemipata, musimboti chikamu huru kure pakati Nhongonya, kumaodzanyemba pane ruggedness simba pamusoro mumitsetse, uye asymmetry pakati mawere munguva Central Range. Tectonic mamiriro zvinoratidzwa zvokuyamura. Inoitwa anoputika, mabota nenzvimbo dzakakwirira, makomo, glaciated twi.

Ridge rakaoma nokuda rezasi-kuitira zvivako, zvikuru unoshamisa vavo - nayo Malkinskiy, Kozyrovsky, Bystrinsky yemakomo.

The yakakwirira ndokwaJehovha Ichinsky uye ndiyo 3621 mamita. Vamwe anoputika, vakadai Khuvkhoitun, Alna, Shishelov, yakakomba ingabatanidza Sopka, kupfuura chiratidzo 2500 mamita.

Ural makomo

Ural Mountains - seri, riri pakati East European uye West Siberian mapani. Kureba kwayo inopfuura 2000 km nohupamhi anoda kubva 40 kusvika 150? Km.

Ural Mountains tectonic maumbirwo ndohwaJehovha yekare nedanga hurongwa. Muna Paleozoic geosyncline zvakanga pano uye negungwa lapped. Sezvo inotungamirwa kunoitika Paleozoic Ural Mountains hurongwa. Main kuunyana kwakaitika Hercynian munguva.

Ndichibvunza kuunyana kwakaitika kumabvazuva yakatenuka Ural, izvo Akaperekedzwa mitswe yakadzika uye nevamwe kupindira ane hukuru yakasvika vanenge 120? Km pakureba uye makiromita 60 pahupamhi. Nhindi vari flattened, inverted, zvakaomesa ne kumusumudza.

On the wokumavirira yakatenuka kuunyana kwakaitika zvishoma zvikuru. Nhindi vari nyore, pasina kumusumudza. No kupindira.

The kumanikidzwa vakasikwa kumabvazuva tectonic mamiriro - Russian papuratifomu, nheyo iyo makadzivisa paumbwe Kumbofungatira. Zvishoma nezvishoma, panzvimbo Ural geosyncline akazviratidza akapeta makomo.

In tectonic Pakuurayiwa yose Urals - kunzwisisa akagadzirwa anticlinoria synclinoria uye vakaparadzana ne mumwe nokuda zvikanganiso yakadzika.

Zvokuyamura Urals asymmetrical kubva kumabvazuva kusvikira kumavirira. materu Eastern kunotangira steeply akananga West Siberian Plain. The zvinyoronyoro materu yokumadokero zvakanaka munzvimbo East mubani European. Asymmetry akaita mabasa avo tectonic nemamiriro West Siberian Plain.

Baltic nhoo

KuBaltic Shield runobva kurutivi rwokumusoro-kumadokero East European Platform, ndicho chikamu chikuru fungidziro nheyo dzaro, uye kwakasimudzirwa pamusoro pegungwa. Kuchamhembe-wokumavirazuva anomhanya kubva akapeta zvivako Caledonia-dzekuma Scandinavia. Kumaodzanyemba uye kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva nhoo matombo anyatsofukidzwa pasi pabutiro sedimentary pamatombo East European Plate.

Nepariri, nhovo wanamatira kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva chikamu Air Peninsula, kuti Kola Peninsula uye yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia.

Nhoo mamiriro zvinobatanidza zvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana zera - Air South (West), Central uye Kola-Karelian (kumabvazuva). South kwemauto Air hwakasungirirwa kumaodzanyemba Sweden uye Norway. Inoitwa pakati Murmansk nechigumbuso iri dzinounzwa.

The nechepakati kwemauto iri munharaunda Finland uye Sweden. Zvinosanganisira Central Kola nechigumbuso uye zvakachengetwa nechepakati chikamu Kola Peninsula.

Kola-Karelian kwemauto iri munharaunda Russia. Nderake kupfuura kare Zvivako inotungamirwa. The mamiriro Kola-Karelian kwemauto dzinounzwa vamwe tectonic zvinhu: Murmansky, Central Kola, Belomorsky, yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia, vari akakamurwa pakati nehope mitswe.

Kola kweItari

Kola Peninsula tectonically akasungwa kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva chikamu kuBaltic Shield, rinoumbwa matombo mavambo yekare - granites uye gneisses.

Zvokuyamura zvinhu wokurera Peninsula crystalline nhoo voratidza tichingoda kutadza uye makatsemuka. Pamusoro panze Peninsula kukanganiswa mazizaya kuti flattened kumusoro kumakomo.

Peninsula ndiyo hunhu kusunungurwa rakakamurwa kumadokero uye okumabvazuva. kumabvazuva chikamu Tinozorodzwa kwete kuoma sezvo kumadokero. Mountains Kola Peninsula zvinoumbwa namatanda - pamusoro pemakomo vari sandara rwenze pamwe kumawere, dzegirini dziri nechepasi. Plateau akatema ne mipata yakadzika uye mumipata. Kumadokero akaronga Lovozerskie achinaya mvura uye Khibiny, tectonic mamiriro yokupedzisira chokuita neeSultan gomo.

Hibiny

Nepariri Hibiny zvakabatanidzwa nechepakati chikamu Kola Peninsula, muri chikuru wemakomo eJudhiya. The Geological makore siyana kwazvo makore mamiriyoni 350. Downhill Hibiny - tectonic Chimiro riri intrusive muviri (Rakasimbisa magma) dzakaoma marongerwo uye sezvamunoita. Kubva Geological nemaonero, kupindira - haina akadurura rinoputika. Array kuramba huchikwira uye ikozvino, kuchinja gore iri 1-2 cm. Senzira intrusive massif akawanikwa anopfuura 500 siyana zvicherwa.

In Hibinah haana kuwana chinhu chando, asi pane kungoda chando yekare. Nenhongonya rwenze-kufanana mumitsetse, mawere vari kumawere yakawanda snowfields, vanoshingaira avalanches, zhinji madhamu gomo. Hibiny nekaupenyu yakaderera makomo. The soro yakakwirira pamusoro pegungwa, ndohwaJehovha gomo Yudychvumchorr uye anoenderana 1200,6 m.