Kirasi Nezvipembenene

Nyika rezvipembenene aizivikanwa murume kwenguva refu. More pamusoro bako mifananidzo (makore zviuru makumi maviri apfuura) mifananidzo yakawanikwa nyuchi uye maberekero honye cocoons mu China yaita makore zviuru zvishanu akapfuura. In Ancient Egypt, chiratidzo chitsvene iyo yaiva scarab beetles, akachengetedzwa zvakanyorwa remhashu.

Tupukanana boka chimwe chezvinhu zvakawanda. Kana isu ukanyatsoongorora muviri ane Tupukanana, zvinokwanisika kuchengeta zvakajeka kutozopesanisa musoro, thorax, dumbu. Hangaiwa tunonzwa, inova pfungwa, vachipiwa maziso uye muromo zvikamu dziri pamusoro. Mumwe nomumwe wevatatu thoracal zvikamu rusununguko ine peya makumbo. The dorsal divi zvikamu zviviri anopiwa nemumwe uye dzimwe nguva mbiri yegwara mapapiro. Dumbu chero specimens, rinomiririra boka nezvipembenene, zviri rakakamurwa muzvikamu, izvo zvinogona kubva nhanhatu kusvika gumi.

Hypodermis riri pakarepo pasi chitin rakavhara muviri kubva kunze, unoitwa masero homogeneous, vamwe vavo vari glandular. Chitin kuva rutivi haana kutambanudzira, unotsiva wekare kune marongera itsva, i.e. kune molting rikurumidze. Izvi zvakakosha kwazvo pakukura Tupukanana.

Kirasi Nezvipembenene mouthparts yakaoma yakasiyana, zvinosanganisira okumusoro shaya, okumusoro miromo uye rurimi, iyo chitinous protrusion pasi pamuromo.

Mouthparts rezvipembenene iri mhando anoverengeka zvipembenene kusurukirwa sezvo ainge ava nayo, nhunzi - licking, kubva kungozvifunga - anomwa, uye mosikito uye inda - rinobaya-anomwa.

kufema nhengo ndiwo trachea, ivo kupa nyama pamwe oxygen. maviri kusvika gumi makomba kufema dziri kumativi mumuviri Tupukanana wacho.

kukura varombo kweropa ezvinhu chokuita chimwe nemamiriro kufema hurongwa. Tsinga ndiyo nekusiyana, ane yakakwirira azvipire kukura. Kune mapoka matatu "pfungwa" - mberi, pakati uye neshure.

Zvisikwa achimiririra kirasi nezvipembenene, vane zvakanaka dzakabudirira pfungwa. Nzwisisa vhudzi, zvinowanikwa zvose pamusoro muviri, chemuTestamente tactile nhengo, uye tunonzwa uye mandibular palps vari olfactory nhengo. Panyaya kunzwa, kuti mamwe zvipembenene, nemhashu Somuenzaniso, akakunda machemero rechitatu peya makumbo. Zviri pano, ari makumbo, uye akaisa nhengo pakunzwa. Meso tupukanana vekirasi ichi kunogona kuva nyore kana kunzwisisa. Kana pane meno okumusoro wamapapiro nebandauko hadzi nemakumbo kukweshera, pane tsika chimwe zvipembenene inzwi.

Kazhinji, tupukanana kuuya munhu yakawanda nematambudziko. Ivo vectors uye utachiona zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Nekuti masayendisiti kare mubasa kudzidza mukirasi iyi. The sainzi kuti kudzidza zvipembenene anonzi entomology. Nhasi, kunoratidzwa ari oga bazi zvipenyu uye kusimukira indasitiri ino nokukurumidza chaizvo.

Entomology inogona rakakamurwa akawanda akasiyana munzvimbo: mukuru entomology, zvokurapa, miti, wemhuka, zvokurima. Single nyaya pamwe apiculture uye sericulture - vari takangofanana kuti entomology.

Kazhinji, mumwe murayiridzo kwesayenzi uyu pachake chaizvo ayo. Somuenzaniso, vakawanda entomology yave kudzidza huru zviri sechivako nezvipembenene, zvose zvemukati uye kwokunze, kudzidza nzira yavo youpenyu, kukura uye kubereka, uyewo kuziva ukama hwavo zvakatipoteredza.

Insect tupukanana uye pollinating tumbuyu kuuya pfungwa zvokurima entomology. Masayendisiti ari kugadzira nzvimbo iyi sezvo chipembenene zvakanaka, kuitira kurerutsa kukuvadzwa kurima.

Nezvipembenene kirasi wakakura uye siyana. Vamiririri Its kurarama kwose kwose: ivhu uye zvinomera, mhepo uye mvura, uyewo makomo uye dzakaderera, magwenga uye chando - ichi zvose zviri zvavo dzose dzinogarisana.