Nhengo rokunzwikwa: anatomi uye kushanda madhipatimendi makuru

The nhengo rokunzwikwa kunoita kunzwisisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zviri zvokunze nyika, kucherechedza hunhu hwavo uye nzvimbo. With kukwanisa kunzwa munhu anowana kukwanisa kutaura. Nhengo rokunzwikwa - kunzwisisa, nenguvo dzakarukwa zvakanaka zvirire gadziriro dzinotevedzana-zvine chokuita nedzimwe madhipatimendi mumwe vatatu.

zvekunze nzeve

First chidimbu inomiririra auricle - yakaoma chimiro cartilaginous bwendefa kubva kumativi akafukidzwa reganda uye kwokunze auditory meatus.

The chikuru kushanda pinna - kuitwa pakati acoustic vibrations kuti mhepo. Kubva mumakomba auricle rinotanga kwokunze auditory Canal - kumicheto kureba 27 - 35 mm, marongerwe vanyura chinguvana mapfupa ari dehenya. Paganda lining nzeve canal, muri sarufa shwanu secretion iyo kunodzivisa ari kupinda chirwere ari nhengo pakunzwa. Eardrum - nhete asi simba Kamudzira - Anopatsanura rokunze nzeve kubva dhipatimendi nhengo kunzwa, nechepakati nzeve wechipiri.

pakati nzeve

Mune rusesi pakati zvenyama mapfupa ndiye tympanic mhango, icho chinoumba chikuru chikamu pakati nzeve. Auditory (Eustachian) chubhu - kubatana pakati nepakati nzeve uye nasopharynx. Kana pakuparadza kufamba Eustachian chubhu anovhura uye anobvumira mhepo dawo mukati nzeve, kuti haaiti kwokudzvinyirira iri tympanic mhango uye kwokunze auditory mugero.

Pakati nzeve vari movably interconnected achishandisa vakasiyana kunzwa pfupa - kunzwisisa nomazviri kupararira acoustic mafungu achibva kwokunze auditory Canal kuti kunzwa masero womukati nzeve. ibwe rokutanga - sando, refu magumo vasiyana eardrum. Wechipiri - chinhu pachipfuriro, chokuita wechitatu duku pfupa, stirrup. Stapes kuti denderedzwa hwindo mabheya, umo yomukati nzeve inotanga. Mafupa, izvo zvinosanganisira nhengo kunzwa, zvikuru nezviduku. Somuenzaniso, uremu stapes ndiyo MG 2.5 chete.

The nzeve yomukati

Wechitatu kunzwa nhengo dhipatimendi raimiririra berere (pfupa vakasiyana kamera), kuti semicircular migero uye dzidzo chaiyo - mapfupa rine chubhu iri rwakawanda zononoka.

Chikamu ichi acoustic analyzer, akafanana nedhambakura, uye anonzi - the auditory cochlea.

Nhengo rokunzwikwa kunokosha anatomical zvivako, vachibvumira kuramba takatsiga uye kuyera nzvimbo muviri muchadenga. Evha ichi uye migero semicircular vakazadzwa fluid uye vakamiswa pamwe mukati kugumbuka chaizvo masero. Kana munhu anochinja nzvimbo muviri, pane kuchinja emura mu migero. Receptors wakaiswa Urume misha uye kutumira mureza pamusoro chiitiko muuropi. Saka kunzwa uye muviri mwero kunoita uropi kudzidza pamusoro muviri yedu kufamba.

Kamudzira, iri mukati cochlea, chinosanganisira vanenge 25 tysyach wakanakisisa fibers akasiyana urefu, chimwe nechimwe anopindura yakananga maitikiro ruzha uye vakatendeukira pamusoro kuvhara zviri auditory etsinga. pakutanga Jitters Kutamiswa mu ari medulla oblongata, uye ipapo anosvika cerebral cortex. Mugore auditory nzvimbo uropi kuitika vari anoongororwa systematized, zvokuti isu kurira anozadza nyika.