Forensic kuongorora magwaro. Mhando forensic bvunzo

In dare tsika, kazhinji yakatarwa forensic kuongorora magwaro. Iyi inzira inobudirira zvinoreva kumisa ezvinhu yacho. Chii chinonzi kudzidza ichi uye chii maonero ake, dzidza kubva munyaya.

mabasa

Forensic kuongorora magwaro anogadziriswa dzinoverengeka matambudziko, izvo zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

1. Pokugadzwa imwe mukugadzira nzira.
2. Pakusarudza kana uye sei kuchinja mapepa.
3. Kudzorerwa chokutanga kugutsikana.
4. The kuzivikanwa rinoreva rakaiswa munguva gadzira.
5. Recreating chimedu rose nezvishoma.

nyanzvi

Criminalist, iro rinoitwa forensic kuongorora magwaro - iyi ndiyo imwe mukuru ounyanzvi hwokugadzira munzvimbo unyanzvi. Iye ari kumusoro kudiwa ari kuyananisa, vehurumende uye vasaenderera mberi achiri. Kunyange zvazvo vakawanda kudzidza nedzidzo yepamusorosoro kuti anoramba akakodzera. Nokusarudza nharaunda iyi, munhu anogamuchira kugomo okusika basa kuti inoda dzidzo yepakoreji, kunoshamisa ruzivo uye nyanzvi kunzwisisa.

sangano

Public kana private sangano, icho rinoitwa forensic kuongorora magwaro, ane mudonzvo vanokwanisa nenyanzvi, zvose zvakafanira midziyo uye mvumo kushandisa. Kuwedzera kumatare, ongororo akarayira rwezvemabhengi masangano, kuti Bar, mabhizimisi uye masangano akasiyana muridzi siyana, vanhuwo vagari.

Chero, kusanganisira forensic kuongorora magwaro - chinhu chaizvo kubudirira kudzivirira zvepamutemo kodzero dzavo uye zvavanofarira. Saka kana ravo nderechokwadi mune mubvunzo, kukumbira chinhu zvidzidzo ounyanzvi.

sarudzo

Kazhinji, kuti kudzidza chaiitirwa, mumwe kushanda zvakakwana. Court anoramba nzira, kana iri aronga Somuenzaniso, nomumukanwa chimiro. Naizvozvo, kwazvo danho iri vanofanira kugadzirira. Kuwedzera chikumbiro, kugamuchira gwaro kubva nyanzvi sangano yawo kuti munotenderana kuongororwa uye pamurume kuna kuchengetedzeka kununura kururamisira. Criminal nyanzvi anowedzera:

• mashoko pasi iyo kuitisa tsvakurudzo;
• kuudza chokupedzisira mutengo;
• ruzivo pamusoro pachavo uye vamwe nyanzvi, kana kuti vanobatanidzwa, basa ruzivo, dzidzo, madhigirii zvesayenzi uye mazita okuremekedza.

zvinodiwa

Kudomwa forensic bvunzo rinoitwa Mutongo dzendege kana vakatsunga kuyananisa, Ruwa kana mejasitiriti Court. Gwaro chidzidzo inopiwa.

Kana akaita mamwe-nezvakatongwa unyanzvi, magwaro anodiwa uye zvigadziko ndiwo:

• gweta chikumbiro;
• chibvumirano pamusoro Implementation kudzidza;
• gwaro iri pasi kuongorora.

tsvakurudzo zvivako

We nyora zvinhu pasi kudzidza, kana akagadzwa forensic kuongorora magwaro.

1. Paper, wakaiswa panze chero mashoko kana mashoko. Photos havagoni kuva chinhu kuferefeta iyi.
2. Zvinhu uye zvigadzirwa, zviri kushandiswa mukugadzira.
3. Technical zvinoreva kuti zvaishandiswa kuvaka pamusoro mashoko gwaro, uyewo okugadziridza uye stitching.
4. Chemicals nokuti date kuchinja.
5. Zvinhu, zvinyorwa haana ukama, asi akadzidza kushandisa nzira idzi.
6. Paper uye kabhodhi zvigadzirwa, waida kuti wrapping, utsanana-Utsanana, zvekushandisa uye maindasitiri, uye nevatengi zvikumbiro.

Details uye rekodhi

Nyanzvi-criminological kuongororwa chinosiyanisa 2 mhando tsvakurudzo magwaro:

• mashoko;
• zvinhu.

Under rokutanga rinoreva Graphics muchimiro mashoko akadhindwa ari kudhindwa nzira kana chimiro-zviridzwa, zvokukopa vakasaina, inoratidza tsikisa uye zvichingodaro. Under tsamba yechipiri inoreva zvinhu, maererano magwaro uye zvinhu.

Kana basa vaiudzwa ongororo, chinosanganisira:

• kudzidza manyorero;
• Details nzira kutsunga uye kutsikisa;
• Chokwadi kuita kuchinja erasure nzira, mamwe manotsi, etching, okuwedzera vanodhirowa pamusoro uye zvichingodaro.

Kana zvinyorwa vakati vakatsunga kutevedzana wependi kurohwa. Panguva iyoyowo maererano zvakasiyana tsvakurudzo nzira vane zvinhu. Zvadaro, akaisa nzira chikumbiro, mhando uye muenzaniso vakashandisa midziyo, kugadzwa, bepa kuva imwe notibhuku uye zvichingodaro.

Mhando forensic bvunzo

Kune mhando dzakawanda yezvidzidzo.

1. Runyoro ongororo.
2. Mitauro.
3. Avtorovedcheskaya.
4. Technical uye forensic.

Ngatikurukurei chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu pakubhadhara izvi zvishoma nomumwe.

manyorero nyanzvi

Ndiyo tsika mhando kutsvakurudza kuti asimbise mashoko chokuita zvinyorwa. Documents pano vari:

• pakutengeserana;
• panhongonya;
• mirairo;
• nezvido;
• chitupa;
• mashoko;
• zvibvumirano;
• zvimwe.

Inogona Akaongorora siginicha shorthand kana chinyorwa. Mushure kuongorora raora kuti manyorero, kugadzirisa dambudziko chirwere uye kuziva hunhu. Panguva yokuongorora, tarisa, kana zvinyorwa unoitwa zvakananga kunaka maonero, kushandura maoko, kutevedzera womumwe manyorero, muimba kujairika chinzvimbo kana ezvinhu, uye akaita.

mitauro unyanzvi

The Mhando forensic bvunzo uye forensic mitauro chikamu. chidzidzo ayo chokwadi kuti inoshandawo nyaya uye kuiswa pakutaura kuongorora.
The chinhu kudzidza - zvibereko kutaura basa, izvo zvakanyorwa anyorwe.

Kusiyana manyorero ongororo, muchiitiko ichi, vari akayera nokukonzera, mashoko nzira uye hunhu matambudziko pamusoro vateereri kana kuenda zvakananga. Objective naPauro achiumbwa pachishandiswa pakati dzemunharaunda mutauro wokuRussia.

Kudzidza chakavakirwa mitauro kuongorora. Naizvozvo, muongorori vanofanira, pakutanga kwezvose, tine dzidzo philological. Zvinotevera mashoko anoongororwa ari kuongorora:

• zviri acho ari chikamu Attribution kuburitsa;
• pachena zvirevo uye migumisiro Via acho;
• zita zvivezwa mabasa evanhu.

Avtorovedcheskaya ongororo

Hwaro ichi mhando kutsvakurudza nhema kwegadziriro ruzivo pamusoro mitemo unhu kutaura, izvo zvinoratidza munhu akazvimiririra, kudzikama, kunyora zvakasiyana. Panyaya iyi, kuti mitauro ruzivo, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics uye zvepfungwa.

Subject kuferefeta - vakanyora kuti iiswe. Kuwedzera kutarisana kuonekwa, nyanzvi ndakasika "pfungwa" mufananidzo munyori uye Kufurirwa nevamwe pasi iro gwaro iri vakaita.

The chinhu kudzidza - rakanyorwa kutaura wenyaya. Izvi anogadza wokugadzira: journalistic, zvesayenzi, mutengi, mabhuku uye zvichingodaro. Pane zvokukopa zvinhu vakawana zvokudhinda nzira kana kushandisa kungatonziwo machine. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti rakanyorwa akatsunga chete kana gwaro haasi asingasviki 500 mashoko.

Technical uye forensic ongororo

Under kudzidza ichi zvinoreva avo rudzi umo yakasimbiswa kugadzira urongwa, ziva fakes, akaisa boka nhengo uye anopa mavambo.

Nyaya pakudzidza ndechokuti kana akaita pepa rairatidza maturusi uye kugadzira zvinhu. Kuti tipindure mibvunzo unyanzvi uye forensic gwaro nyanzvi varidzi unyanzvi muminda wefizikisi, kemisitiri, ano uye forensic chikamu.

Nokuti zvinhu pakutsvakurudza zviri zvokunyorwa nemaoko uye typewritten mapepa uye zvinhu, kunyora zvokushandisa, maturusi nokuti etching wenyaya.

Forensic kuzviongorora motokari

The magwaro ichi mhando kutsvakurudza haushandi. Asi iye yakakurumbira zvakadaro, kuti kuongorora motokari hatigoni kufuratira. Migwagwa yose tsaona zhinji zvichiitika. Autotechnical forensic kuzviongorora motokari kunobatsira kuziva mhosva tsaona wechokwadi. Uyewo, zviri nyore kuti tiite usati kutenga motokari. Zvadaro unogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti haana chakabiwa uye haana kuputswa kuwanda.