Nzira zivo yesayenzi

Nzira zivo yesayenzi - ndiro kunzwisisa nzira uye remapazi zvainanga panguva yokungotaura uye anobatsira kusimudzira chaiye-nyika zvakavapo. Nzira inodiwa kuzadzisa chinangwa kupiwa nesayenzi.

Nzira zivo yesayenzi inokamukana zvichienderana noupamhi applicability acho kutsvakurudza kwesayenzi. Saka pane boka inotevera METOLIT.

General nzira, izvo uyewo vachinzi zvavo youzivi. Ndivo dzisiri uye yokukakavadzniswa nzira.

zvesayenzi kushandiswa kutsvakurudza zvesayenzi, uye vane zvakakwana siyana mafomu mune interdisciplinary zveBhaibheri.

Chastnonauchnogo dzakashandiswa kunoparirwa mukati imwe ongororo, chaiwo sainzi kana yakati musayenzi chinoshamisa.

Nzira zivo yesayenzi vakakamurwa kwete munda chikumbiro, asiwo siyana zivo. Maererano chokuratidza ichi kusiyanisa empirical uye yokungotaura nzira.

Empirical nzira zivo yesayenzi kushandiswa kuedza, rondedzero, kwacho uye kuyerwa.

Observation - Maonero kwezvakatipoteredza mananara chokwadi kuti chinangwa chavo pakudzidza. Description - iri kugadzira, pachishandiswa dzinongoitika kana chakagadzirwa mutauro ruzivo pamusoro chinhu pasi kudzidza. Experiment - ichi akataurwa ari zvikuru vakasikirwa chinangwa ichi uye kudzora mamiriro, hunoita kuti adzorere nzira zviitiko uye mananara nokudzokorora Muongororo yekutanga. Achienzanisa (chipimo) - kuenzanisa zvinhu maererano zvakafanana kana mawa hama kutsvakurudza uye tinyatsonzwisisa uchitikurudzira zvivako kana unhu zvinhu zvimwe zvivako.

Yokungotaura nzira anoshanda Via idealization zvavo (systematization empirical chokwadi) axiomatization (chivakwa pahwaro ari axioms dzidziso) uye formalization (kuvakwa kushandisa mienzaniso vakadzidza zvakavapo). Zvose izvi siyana vakashandisa Modelling nzira.

Marongerwo nzira zivo yesayenzi interconnected mumwe nomumwe. In sechivako ruzivo yesayenzi ndivo Links zviviri: hypotheses kwesayenzi (zvekungofungira) uye zvinhu chaiyo (makasimbisa chokwadi). Zvichienderana nhoroondo padariro kukura ruzivo yesayenzi ruzivo mitemo zvakachinja.

Scientific nzira ndehwokuti kuva nzira itsva uye nzira kugadzirisa matambudziko akatarisana sayenzi uye nzanga. nzira dzakawanda zivo yesayenzi vari kuva zvishoma kunobudirira. Nhasi, nokuti kudzidza nesayenzi zvinhu zvakawanda zvikuru kushandiswa kupfuura nenyanzvi dzenhoroondo nesayenzi, uye nzira dzakaoma kuumbwa ane hurongwa nzira.

Enderana kusvika pakushandisa nzira ruzivo yesayenzi iri chokwadi kuti kana chinhu kudzidza sei yose ezvinhu okunze ayo asina vaiona nomumwe uye yakasanganiswa uye interrelation. Uyewo enda tsvakurudzo zviri kwairayirwa kufunga kwete chete dzomunyika kubatana pakati mananara vakadzidza, asiwo kwokunze ezvinhu chokuvapo kwavo.

The muzvigadzirwa chimurenga akamutsa padanho sayenzi kuti LEVEL.

kwesainzi hazvivakwani kuumba chimwe chokwadi. Zvakakosha kuti ape munhu akarurama tsananguro imwe chesayenzi, mumaonero zivo ano, kuratidza ayo anoshanda kana yokungotaura ukoshi. ruzivo Objective zvesayenzi nevamwe nokushandisa yemaitiro, ichiitwa neumwe urongwa, vachishandisa rokumanikidzirwa nzira uye kushandiswa.

Nekuti sainzi rakakamurwa dzinongoitika uye munhu, uye nzira dzinoshandiswa kuti kudzidza sayenzi izvi uye anokudzwa estestvovedcheskie sotsalno-ruyamuro. By minda sainzi, izvo semhosva akarongeka, zvokurapa, utachiona, socio-zvoupfumi, etc.