Aruminiyamu chloride

Aluminum chloride inonziwo aruminiyamu chloride, mumwe munyu yeimwe zviviri - hydrochloric acid, uye aruminiyamu pacharo. aruminiyamu chloride ane mushonga yokuita AlCl3. Sublimation remubatanidzwa kunoitika panguva tembiricha kuti 183 ° C - nayo kana kumanikidzwa ane hwandaiva ukoshi. With kuwedzera kumanikidza nefuma anotanga itye panguva tembiricha kuti 192,6 ° C.

Kazhinji, aruminiyamu chloride iri zvikuru soluble mune aqueous mhinduro, 44,38 magiramu kwakakwana pokufa nefuma kunoitika muna stogrammovom vhoriyamu mvura panguva tembiricha 25 ° C. Hydrolysis rinowanikwa dymlenie mashoko manyoro mumhepo kusunungurwa HCl. Mune anhydrous mamiriro muchimiro aruminiyamu chloride chinhu Hauoneki crystals kuroorwa, izvo panguva tembiricha kuti 440 ° C kundotora ehupfumi of dimer - anotendeuka kuva mvura kana mhute. Kana kuwedzera tembiricha kuti 800-1000 ° C nefuma chinhu akatsiga monomer.

Nzira inonyanya kukosha pakuburitsa remubatanidzwa ndiko kuona Cl2 CO uye anhydrous kaolin uye bauxite. Izvi zvakaitwa rinoitwa mu maindasitiri kugadzirwa mu chaiyo yamavira angu mhando. Panewo dzimwe nzira gadziriro Somuenzaniso, zvakaitwa Boron trichloride pamwe aruminiyamu phosphide panguva maitiro anoitwa ari tembiricha kuti 900 ° C, kunoguma paumbwe aruminiyamu chloride. Maitiro All nechokuita kuwana mukomboni vakatakudzwa kubva pasi achidzikisa wematambudziko, izvo makabuda kabhoni.

Anhydrous aruminiyamu chloride iri vakaita ane nhamba zvose Organic uye inorganic zvinhu. With inorganic anoumba adducts akadai NH3. With Organic aruminiyamu chloride siyana ane iine acid chloride, uye zvakasiyana-siyana esters.

Crystallization kubva aqueous mhinduro kunotungamirira yero-chena zvakasimba kuti panze anowana fluidity ndiko - aruminiyamu chloride hexahydrate.

Aluminum chloride tiwedzere hunokosha mukuita makemikari kwetunhu, ichi dzingava muenzaniso kushandiswa kwayo panguva Friedel-Crafts kushandiswa. It anoita somunhu zvenguva dziri hydrolysis kuti pagadzirwe alloys A1 voga uye kugadzirira ultrapure yepamusoro A1. Application hexahydrate, uyewo anoshanda ayo mune matanda kubudiswa, wastewater kurapwa michina.

Sezvo aruminiyamu chloride zvinowanzodavirwa kushandiswa maindasitiri chidimbu hwenyika, ayo kugadzirwa wepagore iri kuwedzera munyika uye panguva muenzaniso 200 zviuru matani.

Iye zvino, vakawanda kwokudiwa aruminiyamu chloride munzvimbo dzakadai Pharmaceuticals uye anonhuwira. fuma iyi zvinowanzoshandiswa anogadzira zvinhu zvinodhaka kuti kudzivisa hyperhidrosis - kuramba iratidzike seiri kubuda muviri. Its rinobva - aruminiyamu chloride hexahydrate Etiaxil - kushandiswa senzira inodiwa hwaro anogadzira zvinhu deodorants uye antiperspirants. In yayo yakaisvonaka chimiro, fuma iri Hauoneki crystals, uye ayo makemikari payakavakirwa zvakanyorwa sezvo H12AlCl3O6. Kushandiswa vanokwanisa ichi vanofanira achiperekedzwa renyevero akaipisisa, sezvo mhosva hyperhidrosis kunogona kuva zvakasiyana-siyana: tsinga uye edokrinnye zvinetso, cheitsvo nezvimwe. Muchiitiko chino, haafaniri tinongoita kutenga uye kushandisa chinhu rine chikamu hexahydrate Etiaxil, kunyange chokwadi kuti mune imwe nyaya asingakubatsiri, mune dzimwe nyaya kuchabatsira. Chokwadi kuti siyana anofambidzana hexahydrate akabatana nevamwe zvinoriumba zvinogona kushandiswa motokari idzi zvose.

Kuti tiwane zvinozoita kubva pakushandisa mishonga uye zviri Etiaxil, unofanira kusarudza chaizvo kwavari, wakapiwa zvinoitwa nomumwe ganda mhando uye dhigirii rokuratidzwa potlivsti.