Nhoroondo Russian moto kudzivirirwa. Russia Day remoto kudzivirira

Zvinozivikanwa kuti muna Russia, apo sango kubvira panguva yakare chakanga chikuru chivakwa zvinhu, mumwe yakaipisisa njodzi vaiva moto kazhinji kuparadza guta rose. Uye kunyange vaionekwa chirango chinobva kuna Mwari, hazvina kuvatadzisa kurarama mutsindo hondo. Nekuti nhoroondo Russian moto wedhipatimendi mupfumi chaizvo uye ane midzi yawo shure emakore.

Kuedza kubata moto muzana remakore rapfuura

Sezvo nguva dzose moto kwave chipinganidzo chikuru kukura mamiriro, mukuru simba sezvinobvira, edza kuita. Mienzaniso iyi - yakawanda, kunyange emakore akapfuura. Mumwe hwakawanda huripo zvinyorwa rinotiudza sei pashure zvinotyisa moto muMoscow kuti dzakatanga muna 1472, mukuru Ivan III (sekuru Ivana Groznogo), akanga anobatanidzwa mumoto-mukurwa, akapa dzakatevedzana mitemo, kubva izvo, chokwadi, akatanga kukura moto nedziviriro Russia.

Uye Rurik, uye akatsiva Romanovs vaivawo chaizvo vakatsunga kurwisa moto. Inozivikanwa vakawanda mitemo varwere kuvaka mumaguta munzvimbo (uye muMoscow zvikurukuru) ibwe zvivako chete, kuvaka navo kure yakachengeteka kubva mumwe uye kutora matanho ose pamusoro moto. Nokuti vaya vakakanganisa mitemo, akava muvambi moto njodzi zvakagoverwa muchinyatsongwarira mirango - zvokuti rimwe sainzi.

Moto Russia yekare

Asi zvisinei sei vatadzi varohwa nezvamboko, pasinei kuda inopisa mwedzi yezhizha, kudya kubika chete pavazhe, kwete kuti moto zvivako zvemapango - hapana chakabatsira. Pane asiri guta rekare kuroorwa Russian, izvo aisazoona moto kakawanda pasina kubhadhara musha wake mumadota, nekuti nguva dzose basa moto akanga asipo panguva.

In Novgorod moto 1212 mumaawa mashoma akaparadza 4.300 mamita, akauraya muzvizhinji vanhu. Muna 1354 akapisa Moscow. Zvakatora maawa maviri chete unopedza murazvo kurichinja inopfungaira ungwandangwanda kwete Kremlin asiwo avo vakamupoteredza mujeri. Chete chinosuruvarisa kuyeuka uye muna 1547 apo mumwe njodzi moto vaizviti muna Pervoprestolnoj dzinoverengeka zviuru upenyu. Kuunza moto nedziviriro Russia yakanga chinokosha choupenyu uye aiva Kuita dambudziko okunze.

Kuberekwa nguva dzose basa moto

Danho guru mune mirayiridzo iyi yakaitwa munguva yokutonga of chamber Alexei Mikhailovich (baba Peter I). Muna 1649 nayo vakaona chiedza akanga dzakabudirira "Conciliar The Code" - mitemo yeRussian wehurumende, izvo kushanda kweanenge mazana maviri nemakore. Vasere Nyaya ake kunge vakazvipira panyaya chokuita moto kuchengeteka, kwete chete mumaguta nemisha, asiwo, pazvese, musango.

Mugore iroro pakanga rimwe gwaro rinokosha - ". Murayiro pamusoro Gradskij deanery" iri Zvaiva naye anotanga nhoroondo moto nedziviriro Russia, sezvo prescribes pokugadzwa nguva basa iri nyanzvi hwaro, iyo vashandi yakatarwa muhoro inovhurwa.

Sezvazvakanyorwa akaronga kuti pave yemaawa mana basa, raisanganisira kushanyira maguta uye chirango vaya vanotyora mitemo nezvezvinotaurwa nomoto. zvakasimbisa hwakapiwa kukura unyanzvi achishandisa moto kudzvinyirira - varumbidzwa kudirwa moto kurwa mapaipi vodopolivnye kuti kwava nzira vanhu hoses ano. Saka nguva dzose moto webasa Russia.

Fire mabhizimisi kukura pamberi chimurenga

Work atanga ne chevaux Alexei Mikhailovich, akaramba nomwanakomana wake - Peter I. Munguva kwake, nhoroondo reRussia nomoto kudzivirirwa kwasvika idzva Qualitative chechetere. Kutora muenzaniso yokumisa moto kurwa munyika dzeEurope, zviri yekudyidzana upgraded hwokugadzira midziyo mabasa Russian kutengwa nemari wakavaparadzira, moto pombi, akashongedzerwa dehwe maoko uye mhangura mvura cannons. In ushe Peter chakatangwa pana St. Petersburg Admiralty uye wokutanga moto dhipatimendi. MuMoscow, hwenguva yakazara moto bhurigedhi akazviratidza zvikuru gare gare - chete muna 1804, kubudikidza sezvakarayirwa Emperor Alexander I.

Paitonga rinotevera Romanova - chamber Nicholas I - dzose moto mabasa vasisiri purazi St. Petersburg uye Moscow. Izvi kwaiva kutanga kwezvisikwa yose Russia, uye chinokosha chokufunga guta ose zvava chikamu moto ine chirefu kupfuura varindi shongwe. Kakawanda, izvi Chivako chaiva chirefu kupfuura muguta, uye aigona kunyange kurerutsa mumisha yaiva pedyo. In zvinoitirwa moto-shongwe pamusoro ari vanomutswa aramu mureza, uye pamusoro kukura njodzi vagari yakaudza chaiwo balls, uwandu rakanga Proportional kuti nzvimbo moto zvakananga.

Nhoroondo moto kudzivirira rokuRussia XIX remakore aizivikanwa anoverengeka akaitwa uye kusikwa kugadzirwa michina inodiwa kuti moto-vanodzima. MuMoscow uye St. Petersburg vakatakurwa moto pombi uye hoses kwaari, rinopeta Manera nezvikorekedzo, uye pamwe veMubatanidzwa motokari yokutanga - zvikamu uye nenhumbi, rinobvumira kuzvishandisa kurwisa moto.

Sangano remoto kurwa mushure chimurenga

Zvakawanda ngwariro rwakabhadharwa kuna sangano mumoto kudzivirirwa uye akasvika simba muna 1917, hurumende Bolshevik. Atova April gore rakatevera, izvozvo rinobudisa runoenzanirana chirevo anovamba nzvimbo Commissioner Inishuwarenzi uye pakurwisa moto. First vakatemerwa chinzvimbo ichi M. T. Elizarov.

Iye nyika vanosungirwa nekukurumidza ari Implementation yacho zviyero inopiwa nokuti chirevo, uye kusikwa munyika dzakawanda samambure moto zvechitima. Gore rakatevera, hurumende chirevo NKVD mamiriro ari nechepakati moto dhipatimendi, kuita kubvira centralized utariri moto mabasa munyika.

Moscow uye Leningrad Technical Conference

Kuti mberi kukura moto nedziviriro 1923. The All-Russian Fire Conference yakaitwa muMoscow, wakapindwa, kuwedzera kune nenhume vachibva kumaguta akasiyana munyika, uye vaenzi kubva Belarus, Ukraine, Azerbaijan uye Georgia. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti musangano, vainyatsotarisirwa rwakabhadharwa kuna nyaya muzvidzivirire moto uye akaona zvakakodzera kuti mumwe nomumwe moto wedhipatimendi aiva akakodzera nyanzvi.

Danho rinokosha mukurwisa moto akatanga yakavhurwa 1924 muna Leningrad Fire College. Vakapedza kudzidza vacho vava kubva vashandi hwaro pamusoro izvo mumakore akazotevera akanga vakaumba munyika hurongwa moto kuzvidzora, izvo akazokokwa nevanopinda uye Kwokuzvidira moto kudzivirira weRussia. chitsva ichi, panguva iyoyo, mamiriro yakazokudziridzwa pamwe yezviri kubatsirwa YCL uye masangano wezvokutengeserana mubatanidzwa.

Mupiro nesayenzi uye maindasitiri ari firefighting mubhizimisi

Pakati pezana remakore maviri anogamuchira inokosha chaizvo kuna epamba kugadzirwa moto kurwa michina. Pamwe vakawanda yemashoko pombi, zvemaziso masitepisi uye utsi exhausts vape- sezvo wokutanga Soviet moto injini. Pakazosvika 1927 kunyika yavo rengarava vezvikwata anopfuura mana. Munguva thirties dzinotanga zvakakomba tsvakurudzo uye budiriro kuitwa pamadziro maviri unyanzvi yokuedzwa mumarabhoritari, izvo kushandisa vadzidzi vakasikwa chete nguva weVadzidzisi Vedare remoto basa mainjiniya.

Fire muhondo

Nhoroondo moto nedziviriro Russia muHondo Yenyika II yakanga mumwe mapeji umhare yakakura makore iwayo. Vomoto madhipatimendi anonunurwa kubva moto vari dzinogarwa uye maindasitiri zvivako zvakawanda, izvo zvava nangananga muvengi kubhomba uye kutokonora. Chete muna mumwe Leningrad panguva blockade vakauraya vanhu vanopfuura zviuru zviviri. Kwete mukana panguva Victory Parade moto nokupesana vakafora kuburikidza Red Square ose muhondo dzakabatana.

Chimwe nezvinetso zvoupenyu hwemazuva ano

Nyanzvi vakagumisa kuti kuwedzera nhamba moto iri kwakacherechedzwa munyika yanhasi, uye socio-nehupfumi anokonzerwa pavari vari kuva zvikuru. Gore negore pasi pose yakanyorwa moto vanenge mamiriyoni mashanu, dzikavauraya vanopfuura zviuru zana vanhu, uye zvinhu nazvo kubva kwavari vari akayera mu emamiriyoni emadhora. Serious njodzi uye moto womusango vari - peat nehuni, uyewo dziri mafuta nechimbichimbi uye gasi kuitika.

Izvi zvose zviri kumanikidza nyanzvi kuti akudziridze kutsvaka nzira itsva kurwisa moto uye kuvandudza munazvo. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti munzvimbo iyi kare tsika yakatanga muna Russia. Zviri munyika yedu yakanga enyika akatanga kushanda furo moto ukabvisa ano, akakurukura nyika yepamwoyo zvakagadzirwa hydrants, uye vokutanga inotakurika moto chokudzimisa.

Zuva vemoto Russian

Modern moto basa - iri kunzwisisa uye multifunctional ezvinhu, iro rine basa kudzima muhomwe moto vakawanda kunosiyana kunzwisisa. Sezvo kutonga, tactical mabasa anoitwa mudonzvo pabasa murindi, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko vanobatanidzwa chaiwo dzakabatana, izvo zvinosanganisira chaiwo moto nedziviriro Russia. Muchiitiko ichi tiri kutaura pamusoro localization moto kutyisidzira kunyanya kuoma migumisiro (mafuta uye gasi rigs, zvivako zvenyukireya, zvombo depots, uye zvichingodaro).

VokuRussia noruremekedzo uye kuonga vaya inodzivirira hwavo uye pfuma kubva moto maatomu akafanana. Muna 1999 akanga yakasainwa nehurumende chirevo, pasi paiva zororo - Day yeMoto Kudzivirirwa kuRussia, vakapemberera pagore musi 30 April. zuva rino haana kusarudzwa nemasanga - aiva April 30, 1649 paiva wo "Instructions musi Gradskij deanery", iro rakava zuva Russian moto webasa pakuberekwa.