Nhamba inotyisa mumagetsi masangano

Munharaunda imwe neimwe yekombiyuta, munhu anogona kugara achiwana mhedziso chaiyo yekare, iyo, mazita anoratidza rudzi rwehupenyu hwekufambisa kweiyo mutungamiri. Uye vanhu vashomanana chete vanoziva kuti iyi kana kuti pfungwa yehutano ine nzira yakareba yokuva, yekurapa, uye pakutanga kwekuberekwa kwayo iyo yakaratidzwa inotevera, kazhinji inokosha zvikuru, danho rekufambira mberi kweukama. Somuenzaniso, pakati pemagetsi, zvinowanzokwanisika kunzwa mazwi okuti "matatu-phase voltage", "line voltage", "nguva dzose" kana "kushandura mhepo" uye mamwe mazita ane "voltage".

Pakutanga, sechinhu chakakosha, muviri unotsanangurwa semagetsi emagetsi akasiyana-siyana, anokwanisa kuita basa kutamisa mutero wemagetsi kubva pane imwe nzvimbo yemunda kune imwe. Izvo simba rekushandisa rinopedzwa nemunda wesimba, saka kukosha kwayo, kunyanya, izvo zvinogona kusiyana, zvinoderera kusvika zero. Munharaunda chaiyo yakavharwa, kushanda pakufambisa mishonga yemagetsi kunotarisirwa semagetsi emagetsi - mugumisiro wokufambisa magetsi kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yeketani kune imwe. Kuti haina kuchinja, zvinokosha kuchengetedza kukwanisa kwekusiyana kusina kuchinja. Sezvazvinozivikanwa, simba rine simba rinotarisira kuchengetedza ikozvino mudunhu. Inotarisa kuti ikozvino iri mudunhu inogara iripo, i.e. Kwete kuchinja hukuru uye hutungamiri, kana zvipimo zvinosiyana maererano nemumwe mutemo. Izwi rokuti "line voltage" rinoreva chete maAt network .

Kuparidzika kukuru mukugadzira magetsi kwakagadzirwa nekugadzirisa magetsi mafomu e sinusoidal fomu. Nhamba yepamusoro yemhepo iyo iyo inosvibisa inonzi "amplitude Ua". Nokuda kweiyo mhepo, mamwe maikiramu emuyero anoshandiswa - inowanzo F uye chikamu ψ. Iyo nguva yakawanda inotsanangurwa nenhamba yekusarudzwa kweiyo imwe nguva, uye chikamu ndiyo nguva yekuchinja kwezvimwechete zvinyorwa zvekudzora. Izvo zvakaitika zvakaitika kare kuti izwi rokuti "chikamu" raishandiswawo kureva kumutsara wokutumira AC, kana iri chikamu chemaitiro akawanda, kazhinji katatu. Zvitatu-nhaurwa mitambo yakange iri kumwe kubudirira kweunyanzvi hwemagetsi uye ine mikana yakawanda zvokuti hazvigoneki kupfuura. Uye iyo inonyanya kukosha ndeyekana yekuwana mhepo inoshandisa maginiti pasina chero kushanda, iyo nheyo yekushanda chero ipi zvayo yemagetsi. Dunhu rechitatu rinotarisa pakati pegadziriro uye mhepo yakasviba, uye iyo inowanikwa ndeyekuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chine kuchinja kune zvimwe zvakasara zviviri +/- 120 degrees. Iyo mitatu yemagetsi inokonzera mhepo inokonzera mhepo inoshandiswa iyo shanduko yegadziriro inogadziriswa. Chimwe nechimwe chemhepo inopera ine magumo uye kutanga: H1-K1, H2-K2, H3-K3. Muchikamu chetatu, zvikamu zviviri zvechikamu chekubatanidza zvinobvira - "nyeredzi" uye "katatu".

Pakubatanidza "nyeredzi" mhedziso yose yakabatana kune imwe pfungwa - "terminal 0", uye kutanga kunoshumira sekubuda kunoguma kwejenereta nemagetsi ekugadzirira kwechigadziro chinowanikwa naro. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, mutsetse iwoyo inokosha inoyera pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvinoguma zvinopera H1, H2, H3, uye zvinosarudzwa Ulin. Pane chimwe chimiro chezvikamu zvitatu zvegadziriro - chikamu chemafuro. Inosarudzwa Uf uye inotariswa pakati pe "nhungamiro 0" uye chero chezvinhu zvinogumira K1, K2 uye K3. Kusiya tsanangudzo yacho, inofanira kuonekwa kuti, zvichibva pane diagram yevector yekaturikidza nhatu, ukama huri pakati pemakororo aya Ulin = Ѵ3 * Uf. Pakubatanidza "denderedzwa" migumo yemhepo inogadziriswa yakabatana nechende: K1-H1-K2-H2-K3-H3-K1. Chimwe nechimwe-kuguma-kutanga kushamwaridzana kunokonzerwa, uye mhepo inotenderera haisi yakasiyana nechikamu chemhepo; Ulin = Uf. Zvinonakidza kufananidza kuenderera mberi kweUdir uye simba rekuchinja kwemhepo Ua, somuenzaniso, zvichienderana nemhepo imwechete yakabudiswa mumutoro. Nokuda kwechiitiko ichi Udir = Ѵ2 * Ua.

Ndizvo zvakaita kwemakumi emakore, akawana ruzivo pamusoro pemhando uye mamiriro emagetsi, uye akanyarara pfungwa ye "kukanganisa" yakakura ikava mazwi akafanana anowedzera mano edu ekushandisa zviitiko zvezvisikwa zvevanhu.