Calcium sulphate. Tsanangudzo

Mune mazuva ano maitiro emakemikari, mararamiro e salt, kushamwaridzana uye zvinhu zvezvinhu uye michina yavo yakasiyana-siyana inokosha zvikuru. Pane zvinhu zvinotora nzvimbo dzakasiyana pakati pevamwe. Mishonga yakadaro, kunyanya, inofanira kusanganisira calcium sulphate. Formula yezvinhu CaSO4.

Izvo zvipfeko zvakakura zvechikamu ichi mumakumbo epasi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuishandisa sechinhu chakagadzirwa pakuwana zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvinogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira mukuvaka, mishonga nezvimwe mamiriro.

Muzvinhu zvakasikwa zvepanyama, mari ye mineral inogadzirwa CaSO4 2 H2O inowanikwa. Calcium sulphate inowanikwawo mumakungwa (anenge mamita 1800 000 pamakirita mamita) nemvura yakachena.

Anhydride CaSO4 ipukidho chena ine uwandu hwe 2,90-2,99 gm per cubic centimeter. Iyo kamuti inobata unyoro kubva mumhepo. Pamusana peimba iyi, calcium sulfate inoshandiswa se deiccant.

Pachando chokupisa kwechiuru chimwe chiuru nemazana mana nemakumi mashanu chiyero chinonyunguduka uye chinoparara. Iko kusvibiswa kwezvinhu izvi kunosimbiswa pamberi peHCl, HNO3, NaCl, MgCl2. Calcium sulphate inopindirana ne- sulfuric acid, iyo yakazara nekasi inodzorerwa.

Kuva mumvura pamwechete neMgSO4 uye MgCl2, CaSO4 inopa kuoma kwechigarire. Kemikirini yekudzikisa yemvura inogoneka kuburikidza nekubatsira kwezvigadziriswa. Kuderedzwa kwehutambudzi hwemvura kunobva pakuiswa kwezvinhu zvakagadziriswa mumashii ayo.

Mvura inodzivirira inobatwawo nenzira yekuchinjana ion. Iyi nzira inobva paukwaniso wega wega wekugadzirisa uye yepanyama ion exchangers - high-molecular compounds - kuchinjana zvigadziriswa zvinoumba zvakagadzirwa, ion inowanikwa mune mhinduro. Aluminosilicates (Na2 [Al2Si2O8] ∙ nH2O, somuenzaniso) inowanzoshandiswa sekuti ion exchange.

Shandisai zvakagadzirirwa 2CaSO4 H2O - alabaster (zvinopisa gypsum) - inoshandiswa mukugadzirisa. Izvo zvinhu zvinokonzerwa nemafuta, kubva mairi, iyo yakavhenganiswa nemvura, mapurasitiki ekutanga mafomu uye inozosimbisa kuva muviri wakasimba. Kugadzirwa kweArabaster kunoitwa panguva yekupisa gypsum pasi pesimba rekushisa kubva kune zana nemakumi mashanu kusvika zana nemakumi manomwe degrees. Iyi pfuma inoshandiswa pakugadzirwa kwemazana emadziro uye mabhesi, zvipfeko zvezvinhu, pamwe nekupura.

Kupisa pasi pesimba rekushisa zvinopfuura mazana maviri degrees kunotungamirira pakuumbwa kwechinyorwa chinogadzikana che calcium sulfate anhydrous, pamusana wekushisa kwemazana anodarika mazana mashanu - isiri yakasviba. Iyo yekupedzisira inorasikirwa nekwanisi yekubatanidza mvura, maererano neiyi haigone kushandiswa semashoko e-astringent.

Natural gypsum inogona kushandiswa sechinhu chekutanga pakugadzirwa kwesimenti uye sulfuric acid nenzira yakabatana.

Natural calcium sulphate inogonawo kushandiswa seanicicant inongororwa nemakemikari ehupenyu. Anhydrous compound inokwanisa kukonzera 6.6% mhepo kubva mumuviri wose. Calcium sulphate inoshandiswawo mukugadzirwa kwemafuta ekudzivirira zvinhu.