Philosophy yeKuzvarwa patsva kana kuti kuratidzwa kwokutanga kwehupenyu hwemafirosofi

Kubvira pakutanga kwezana remakore rekutanga reChishanu muhutano hweWestern Europe, nguva yekutendeuka inotanga, iyo inoita tsika yayo yakanakisisa. Panguva ino, kuparadzaniswa kwemafungiro ehurumende uye kufambiswa kwehurumende yehurumende kunotanga: maguta epamusoro-soro ari kuwedzera muItaly, rimwe nerimwe shure, kune zvinyorwa zvinoshamisa zvezvakaitika kare - mabhomba, kutanga kwekudhinda, mapikicha uye geography ari kubuda semasayense ezvesayenzi. Mune mathematics, zviratidzo zvekufananidzira zvinoshandiswa, chimiro chezvokurapa chinopfuurira mberi kuburikidza mune ruzivo rwemakemikari phenomena emuviri womunhu uye kuongorora mishonga. Kufambira mberi kwakakura panguva ino kunowanikwa nekuongorora nyeredzi, Vasco da Gama inozarura nzira yegungwa kuenda kuIndia, Columbus inowana America, uye Magellan anoratidza kubwinya kwepasi, achibva pakutanga rwendo rwepasi-rwendo.

Zvisinei, kukosha kunokosha pane ino ndiyo kuparadzwa kwekudzvinyirira kwechechi, humwe hutsva hwemaRenaissance huri kuumbwa, uye ichi ndicho chakakonzera kukurudzira kwakanyanya kumaridziro emutsika. Nzira dzekunyengedzera kwe nyika yepanyika dzaive dzakavigwa nokusingaperi pasi pemitambo mitsva, hwaro hwaive hwechirevo chekuongorora kwemaRitenism. Munhu akangwara akamuka kubva pakurota kwenguva refu uye akanga akagadzirira kuvaka zvinhu zvakanaka zvekugara kwenyika yake, haisi pangozi iyo panguva ino kugadzirwa kwevakakurumbira veItaly vemazuva iwayo panguva ino kunoitika: Petrarch, Erasmus we Rotterdam, Rabelais, Boccaccio.

Ifilosofi yeRaissance Renaissance yakaumbwa pasi pesimba revarume vakuru venguva iyo, vanyori vane tarenda, vagadziri vezvivako uye vagovaki vakaita basa ravo mukuvandudzika kweumambo hutsva. Leonardo da Vinci anozvitsaurira mabasa ake akanaka kune hukuru hwake - Munhu Anonzwisisa. Sezvo munyori we "Gioconda" asina kukwana uye "The Last Supper" iye ane simba guru pamagariro ekutenderera eEtestamende. Mifananidzo yaMichelangelo Buonarroti yakanga isisina simba mune dzimwe nguva, ivo, semifananidzo yake, vakakwidziridza kunaka kwemuviri uye kwemuviri wevanhu, hukuru hwake hwemukati. Panguva imwecheteyo, chivakwa chitsva chekumumutsa chiri kuumbwa, chinosvika kune zvisati zvamboitika, nekuda kwehupamhi hwenhambo yekufunga.

Ihwo huzivi hwose hweKuzvarwa patsva hunobatanidzwa nekuonekwa kwevanhu semunhu anozvimirira uye kusimbisa kodzero yake yekuratidza unyanzvi hwake nekusunungura kukura kwevanhu. Chikamu chekutanga cheKutanga Kwemazuva Akaitika sekusununguka-fungira, kupikisa kutonga kwemweya kwechechi uye yekudzidza kwemazana emakore. Nhoroondo yekare yefilosofi inobatanidzwa uye inodzorerwa zvizere, zvikoro zvefilosofi, zvakashata zvisina kukanganwa muMiddle Ages, zviri kuzarurwa zvakare. Vakasunungurwa kubva muhomwe yekodhi uye mabasa evanozivi vekare vekare, Plato naAristotle, vanofunga zvakare . Huzivo hweKuzvarwa kwechiKristu hahurevi kuve nehanya, kutendeuka, kuteerera kuda kwaMwari, asi kunyangwe pane zvinopesana zvinokudza chero chinotanga kuita mumunda wekugadzirisa uye kukura kwevanhu. Chido chekuwana simba pamusoro pezvakagadziriswa hazvisi zvekunyengedzera kana maonero echiKristu, ndiyo maitiro ehurumende itsva.

Imwe nzvimbo inokosha mufilosofi yeRaissance Renaissance niKanakolai Kuzansky, kusiyana nevamwe vanhu, akazvipira nguva yakawanda ku masvomhu uye masayenzi echisikigo uye akatotanga nhungamiro inokosha muhuzivi hwemazuva iwayo - Christian naturalistic pantheism. Pfungwa ye dzidziso iyi ndeyokuti Mwari aripo panyika uye nyika iripo muna Mwari, uye sezvo Mwari asina zvachose uye asina ruzivo, zvinoreva kuti nyika hainawo uye hapana mhiri mukati mayo inokwanisa kudarika pachena. Mhedzisiro yedzidziso iyi ndeyekushanduka kukuru mune zvenyika yevaEurope, chinyorwa chekudenga chekuvandudza kwezvinhu zvose chiri kuparara uye chigamba chitsva mukukudziridzwa kwefilosofi nesayenzi yeRukadzo rakatanga.