Rudzi rwe Gut: general characteristic

Imwe yemapoka ekutanga emarudzi akawanda emhando ndeye rudzi rwemukati. Bhuku 7, iro rinosanganisira nzira yezvinyorwa, inotsvaga zvakadzama zvose zvakasikwa zvechimiro chezvisikwa izvi zvinoshamisa. Ngatitangezve kuyeuka zvavari.

Rudzi rwe genitourinary: biology

Zita rekugadzirisa chikwata mhuka idzi dzakagamuchirwa nekuda kwechimiro chezita rimwechete. Iyo inonzi chirwere chemukati, uye ine vamiririri vorudzi rwechipiri: mapuropa maviri, anotungamirira mararamiro anowirirana, uye kushingaira kushandura jellyfish. Rudzi rwemhando ye coelenterates ndeyekuvapo kwemasero anonyanya. Asi pasinei nezvinoitika zvishoma nezvishoma zvechimiro, muviri wezvikara izvi haisi maitiro chaiwo.

Habitat uye zviyero

Izvi zvisikwa zvipenyu zvekutanga zvinogona kuwanika mumvura yakachena uye yemunyu yezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemamiriro ekunze. Mhando yemukumbo (ye7th grade ye general general school inodzidza nyaya iyi zvakakwana) inomiririrwa nevanhu vashoma vane mamita emamiriyoni akawanda, uye jellyfish-zvikuru zvine tambo yakareba kusvika mamita 15. Nokudaro, chimiro chegungwa, kwavanogara, chinogona kuva chakasiyana. Nokudaro, mvura shomanana ye hydra inogara mumadutu maduku, uye coral mapepa anoumba makoroni makuru mumvura inopisa.

Rudzi rwe Gut: general characteristic

Muviri wezvose coelenterates unoumba masero emhando dzakasiyana, imwe neimwe inobata imwe basa, sezvikamu zvezvipfuwo zvakaoma.

Chimiro chikuru che coelenterates ndiko kuvapo kwemasero anotema. Izvo zvinosanganisira sopsule umo tsvimbo ine kuguma kunopinza inokanganisa. Bvudzi rakagadzikana riri pamusoro pekamuri. Paanobata muviri wemuviri wacho, ununinds uye unoruma mukati mawo nesimba. Somugumisiro, inenge iine kupera simba. Uyezve, nekubatsirwa kwetende, vamiririri vorudzi urwu vanoisa munhu anorwara mumukati. Uye pano inotanga nzira yekuparadzanisa zvinhu zvezvinhu. Uye inobatsira kuita zvinokonzera kudya uye masero.

Chirwere chemukati chirwere chinoratidzwa nehupamhi hwekuvandudzwa. Masayendisiti akaratidza kuti mvura yakachena hydra inokwanisa kudzorera muviri wose kubva pana 1/200 chikamu. Uye zvichida izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuvapo kwemasero ekupakati. Vanoshingaira kugovana, vachipa kune mamwe marudzi ose. Unyanzvi hwekugadzirisa nekuita zvepabonde nekuda kwekusanganiswa mazai uye spermatozoa.

Masero emasero akapararira mumuviri wose, achiona ukama hwehupenyu nehupenyu uye huchibatanidza muhumwe chete. Saka, kufadza zvikuru kufamba kweumwe wevamiriri ve coelenterates - hydra. Vongai basa rejecha-masero, iye, sey acrobat, anofamba kubva pamusoro kuenda kune oga, achiita somersault chaiyo.

Matanho ehupenyu e-coelenterates

Mhando yemukumbo inoratidzirwa zvakaoma zvikuru physology pakuenzanisa nevatungamiri vayo - mhuka dzakaoma uye sponges. Kunyange zvazvo pane zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika. Semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwegesi kuchiripo kuburikidza nezvivakoti, uye zvivakwa zvakajeka zveizvi hazvipo.

Pamusana pekuvapo kweganda-musero masero, jellyfish inogona kuita zvekuita zvekuita . Panguva imwecheteyo, bhero yavo inopfupiswa, mvura inodzingwa kunze nesimba, zvichiita kuti mushure mushure.

Zvose zvinokonzera mhuka ndezvinyama. Nekubatsirwa kwetende, kubudiswa mumuromo kunotanga mumuviri. Kubudirira kwegadziriro yekujekesa kunoratidzwa nekuvapo kwemhando mbiri dzekudya pamwe chete: cavitary nemasero.

Coelenterates inoratidzwa nekuvapo kwekupindura kwemuviri wavo kukurudzira - mafungiro. Vanomuka mukupindura kumagetsi kana makemikari zvinokonzerwa nemhepo. Uye jellyfish ine maitiro akasiyana-siyana akaoma, kuvekesa kuenzana kwemuviri uye kunzwisisa kwechiedza.

Upenyu Purogiramu

Chirwere chemukati chirwere chinoratidzwawo nezvokuti mune zvakawanda zvezvisikwa zvaro kushandurwa kwezvizvarwa kunoonekwa muhupenyu hwehupenyu. Semuenzaniso, the aurelia polyp inopararira nenzira yakasiyana yeaxual pathway nenzira yekushambadza. Nokufamba kwenguva, mutumbi weumwe wavo unopatsanurwa nemitemo inopesana. Somugumisiro, duku jellyfish inooneka. Maziso anotaridzika akafanana nekavha yeplateti. Uyezve, vanobvisa kubva kumusoro uye vanoenderera mberi kune imwe nzira yehupenyu yakasununguka uye inofamba.

Kushandura kwepabonde nevechizvarwa chechizvarwa chehupenyu muhupenyu hwe coelenterates kunoita kuti kuwedzera nokukurumidza kwehuwandu hwavo uye kugadziriswa kwakanyanya.

Kunosanganisira rudzi rweKittural Cavity makirasi, mapuropiti asina kuparadzaniswa. Vanoumba makoloni emafomu asinganzwisisiki. Irosi yemapurisa. Hakuchina kuchinja kwezvizvarwa pakati pemvura yakachena hydra. Dzinobereka muzhizha ne budding, uye munguva yekupfuura dzinopfuurira pakuberekwa kwepabonde, mushure mezvo dzinoparara. Inoshandiswa ovules yechando pamucheto wemvura miviri. Uye mukati mechitubu chavo majaya e hydras anokura.

Kusiyana kweo-coelenterates

Nyora Intestinal munyama inomiririrwa nemhando mbiri dzehupenyu: polyps uye jellyfish. Mumwe wevamiririri vanofadza zvikuru boka rekutanga is actinia. Ndiyo anogara mumvura inopisa inopisa, iyo, nokuda kwechivara chayo chakajeka, inoratidzika semaruva anofadza. Nokudaro zita rechipiri regungwa anemones - gungwa anemones. Pakati pavo pane zvikara uye filterers. Uye mamwe maitiro e-actinia anogona kupinda muhutano hwekubatsira pamwe nemapanga.

Polyp inokwanisa kufamba-famba uye inofudza zvakasara zvezvokudya zvechikafu zveArthropods. Uye kenza yakachengetedzwa zvakachengetedzwa nemasero anokonzera anemia. Zvinonakidza kuti, kuchinja ganda nguva nenguva, iye anoisa mapuropa. Kanzira inokonzera actinium yemagetsi, semugumisiro wayo inopinda muimba itsva.

Uye makoloni e-coral polyps anoumba masango makuru. Semuenzaniso, Great Barrier Reef inotarisana nemhenderekedzo yeAustralia kure nemakiromita anenge zviuru zviviri.

Kukosha kwekugadzirisa zvinhu mumasikirwo uye hupenyu hwehupenyu

Vakawanda vanokonzera zvinogona kuva nengozi kumhuka nevanhu. Chiito chemasero avo anotema chinokonzera kupisa. Migumisiro yavo kune munhu inogona kuvhiringidzika, kuora musoro, kuora mwoyo kwemuviri uye nhengo dzokufema. Kana iwe usingabatsiri munguva, zvinogumbura zvinogoneka.

Polyps uye jellyfish inokosha inounganidza mumaketani ekudyisa vagari vemugungwa. Corals munyika dzakawanda inoshandiswa pakugadzira zvishongo, zviyeuchidzo uye zvinhu zvokuvaka.

Saka, rudzi rwemuviri, uyo ane hutano hukuru hwakaongororwa nesu, hunomirirwa nehupenyu hwemaviri. Izvo zvine polyps uye jellyfish. Mhuka idzi dzinozivikanwa nekuenzanisa kwemazuva ano, kuvapo kwemasero akasiyana uye kushanduka kwezvizvarwa muhupenyu hwehupenyu.