Chimiro chesero chemuviri mhenyu

Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti zvipenyu zvipenyu zvakakomba zvinoita mabasa akasiyana-siyana anodiwa muupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu. Zvinosanganisira masero. Nokudaro, iyo inoparadzaniswa kuva multicellular uye unicellular. Icho sero iyo inoumba hwaro hwemhando ipi neipi, zvisinei nokuti yakarongeka sei.

Unicellular zvipenyu zvinongova nemhando imwe chete yemasero. Mumarudzi ehupenyu hupenyu huzhinji, marudzi akasiyana emasero anomiririrwa , izvo zvinopesana mukushanda kwebasa ravo. Sero rinodzidzwa ne cytology, iyo inosanganisira sayenzi ye biology.

Chimiro chesero chinenge chakangofanana kune chero rudzi rwepi. Zvinopesana mubasa, ukuru uye maitiro. Iyo makemikari inowanikwawo ose masero ezvisikwa zvipenyu. Sero iri rine maitiro makuru: RNA, mapuroteni, DNA uye zvikamu zve polysaccharides uye lipids. Inenge 80 muzana yesero ine mvura. Mukuwedzera, kuumbwa kwaro kunosanganisira shuga, nucleotides, amino acids uye zvimwe zvinogadzirwa zvezviitiko zvinowanikwa muchitokisi.

Chimiro chesero chemuviri mhenyu chinosanganisira zvikamu zvakawanda. Pasi pekamuri ndiro membrane. Inobvumira sero kupinda mukati mimwe zvinhu. Pakati peesero uye membrane inonzi liquid intercellular substance. Ndiyo membrane inobatanidza zvirongwa zvemagetsi zvinowanikwa pakati peesero uye intercellular fluid.

Icho chikuru chikamu chesero ndiyo cytoplasm. Ichi chinhu chinonzi viscous, semi-liquid. Iine organoids, inoita mabasa akawanda. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvinotevera: cell centre, lysosomes, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes uye Goggi complex.Zvimwe zvezvikamu izvi zvinopinda mumasero masero.

Yese cytoplasm inosanganisira zvakawanda zve tubulumu uye mitsetse, iyo inomiririra endoplasmic reticulum. Iyo yose inogadzirwa, inogadzirisa uye inokurudzira zvinokonzerwa nehupenyu izvo sero rinogadzira. Iyo endoplasmic reticulum inobatanidzwawo muprotini synthesis.

Pamusoro pazvo, ribosomes, iyo ine RNA neprotheni, inobatanidzwa muprotini synthesis. Chivako cheGolgi chinokonzera kuumbwa kwe-lysosomes uye inowedzera zvinhu zvakasikwa. Idzi ndidzo mitsara inokosha ine mabhuni pamagumo.

Serosi iri rine zvikamu zviviri zvakabatanidzwa muchikamu chekupatsanurwa. Serosi yepakati inowanikwa zvakananga pedyo neyucleus.

Saka zvishoma nezvishoma takaswedera pedyo nenheyo huru muchimiro chesero - iyo nucleus. Iyi ndiyo chikamu chakakosha chesero. Iine nucleolus, mapuroteni, mafuta, nucleic acids, makhahydrates uye chromosomes. Iyo yose inokonzerwa izere nuclear nyuzi. Zvose zvine ruzivo nezvehutano hune ma chromosomes. Chimiro chemuviri wemiviri yevanhu chinopa hupo hwemakromosomes makumi mana. Zvepabonde masero ane ma 23 chromosomes.

Chimiro chemasero chinosanganisira uye lysosomes. Vanochenesa sero revakafa vakafa.
Masero, kuwedzera kune zvikamu zvikuru, ane zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nehupenyu uye zvisikwa. Sezvatotaurwa, sero ine 80% yemvura. Chimwe chikamu chakabatanidzwa icho chinosanganiswa muhuwandu hwayo ndedyu. Mvura inobata basa rinokosha muupenyu hweSero. Iyo ndiyo inonyanya kutora maitiro emakemikari, semutakuri wezvinhu uye kubviswa kwezvinokonzera zvinokonzera kubva muchitokisi. Sariti inobatsira pakugovera kwakakwana kwemvura muchimiro chesero.

Pakati pezvinokonzerwa nemiti ndeye: hydrogen, okisijeni, sulfure, iron, magnesium, zinc, nitrogen, iodine, phosphorus. Izvo zvinokosha kuti kuchinjwa zvive zvakakomberedzwa zvinowanzo.

Sero ndiyo chikamu chikuru chemarudzi ese ehupenyu. Chimiro chayo inzira yakakomba, umo kusingafaniri kuve nekukundikana. Kana zvisina kudaro, inotungamirira kune zvisingagadziriswa matanho.