Age psychology.

Age psychology ndeimwe yemashizha epfungwa yepfungwa . Anodzidza mitemo uye chokwadi chekufambira mberi kwevanhu, pamwe nechepfungwa dzake nemakore ekuwedzera.

Chinhu chekudzidza nezvepfungwa dzinoenderana nezera ndechekugara, hutano, kuchinja uye munhu ari kukura mumakona. Inosiyanisa kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwehutano hwemakore muhutano hwevanhu uye inoedza kuzvitsanangura, kuzarura maitiro ose ekuwana ruzivo uye ruzivo. Muchirevo chechiitiko ichi chepfungwa yezvepfungwa ndeye maitiro akasiyana-siyana ehutano hwepfungwa, izvo zvinowanikwa kune dzimwe nguva uye zvikamu zvehupenyu hwevanhu. Basa rayo guru nderokudzidza uye kuongorora kukura kwepfungwa kwevanhu kubva pakuzvarwa kusvika pakufa kwake.

Nyaya yepfungwa yezera remakore ndeye nguva dzekukura, nzira uye zvikonzero zvekushanduka kubva kune imwe kuenda kune imwe, maitiro akazara uye maitiro, mutungamiri nekufambisa kwepfungwa dzomunhu kumativi.

Chikamu chinonyanya kukosha chepfungwa yepfungwa ndechekufunga kwevana. Mhedziso yehurukuro iyi ye sayenzi yakashandurwa nekufamba kwenguva nekuda kwekuti nzira yekutsvakurudza yakanga iri kuchinja. Pakutanga muma1900 uye kumazana ekutanga kwemazana makumi maviri, masayendisiti akatsvaka kuunganidza mamwe mashoko, ruzivo rwemashoko, kudzidza zvinoshamisa zvekuvandudza pfungwa mupfungwa. Vaive nehanya nezvinoitika panguva ino mukukura kwevana, ndeapi hutano hutsva hunoonekwa mumwana, mune zviyano uye nguva ipi. Basa iri rakaitwa kuburikidza nenzira dzakadai sekucherechedza uye chiedza chekucheka.

Pakati pezana remakore rechi20, vatsvakurudzi vakatanga kutora nguva yakawanda kune zvipi, zvikonzero uye vanofambisa ekuvandudza mupfungwa. Panguva ino, zvinokwanisika kusarura matambudziko epfungwa yezera repfungwa. Chokutanga, kudzidza mauto ekufambisa, maitiro uye zvitubu zvekuvandudza mupfungwa muhupenyu hwose hwevanhu. Chechipiri, kuita nguva yekuvandudza kwepfungwa yevanhu vari muzvikwata. Chechitatu, kudzidza zvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana, uyewo mararamiro ehutano hwemagariro (kunyatsocherechedza, kuyeuka, kunzwisisa), kureva, kuti vanosimuka sei, vanoenda nenzira yekuva, kuchinja, kuvandudza, kuchenesa nekubhadhara. Chechina, simbisa zera rinowanikwa, nguva dzose, mukana wekushandisa mamwe marudzi emabasa, nzira yekudzidza. Chechipiri, kutsvaga kukura kwevanhu.

Nhamba yakawanda yemasayendisiti akasiyira tsanangudzo inokosha mune sayenzi, inobatanidzwa munyaya dzakagadziriswa nezera remakore. Kunyatsoteerera kwakabhadharwa kwepfungwa dzevana LS. Vygotsky.

Age psychology ine matambudziko akawanda anoshanda. Kutanga, yakagadzirirwa kusarudza mitemo yemakore akasiyana-siyana emagariro evanhu, kuratidzira maitiro ekusika evanhu nemafungiro ake epfungwa. Chechipiri, kugadzira basa rekucherechedza iyo yose yekukura kwepfungwa, kugovera rubatsiro rungagona kune vabereki vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Chechitatu, kuitisa nguva uye kuchipatara kuongororwa. Chechina, kuita mabasa ekutsigirwa kwepfungwa, kubatsira munguva dzenhamo. Chechipiri, zvakakosha kuronga nzira yekudzidzisa.

Age psychology inoshandisa ruzivo uye ruzivo rwezvesayenzi pedo naro: hukuru, hutachiona, hutungamiri uye hutano hwepabonde. Mukuwedzera, inobva pane ruzivo rwakasiyana-siyana rwemasayenzi echisikirwo: gerontology, culturology, pedagogy, mishonga, zvemagariro evanhu, ethnography, manyorerwo, mitauro, kutsoropodzwa kwemifananidzo, kutsoropodza zvinyorwa uye dzimwe nzvimbo yesayenzi. Age psychology inoratidza maitiro ekusimudzirwa kwepfungwa uye inoita kuti zvive pachena.