Oily acid: dzimba uye zvinoshandiswa

Carbonic acid ndiwo organic bio-compounds kuti, muchimiro chema molecules, ane imwe kana mamwe mapoka e-carboxyl. Chikoro che carboxylic acids chinosanganisira huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvakasikwa zviri mumamiriro acho. Mukuwedzera kune mapoka aya, mamwe mapoka anoshanda angavewo ari mu carboxylic acid molecules, izvo zvinokonzera zvinhu zvisingaenzaniswi nemakemikari nemapoka e-carboxyl chete.

Monobasic yakazara carboxylic acids inobva kune zvinyorwa, mu molecule iyo inonzi hydroxy atomu inotsiviwa ne COOH. Mishonga yakadaro dzimwe nguva inonzi acid aliphatic, kana mafuta, mutsara, sezvo mamwe awo ari oga kubva kune zvakagadzirwa ne hydrolysis yemafuta.

Carboxylic acids mumasikirwo ari musununguka (somuenzaniso, formic - muzvidzidzo zvezvipembenene, mumuguta uye mbatata, maruva, zvimwe zvibereko nemiriwo) uye akasungwa (somuenzaniso, mafuta akareba acid inonzi triacylglycerols) inotaura. Higher fatty acids inowanikwa nekuda kwehydrolysis yemafuta neutachiona . Mazhinji e-acid acids anokonzerwa ne-organic synthesis method.

Isobutyric acid inowanikwa panguva yekusvibiswa kwe isobutyl doro. Nokuda kwei oxidation ye isobutanol, sarkaline solution ye potassium permanganate inoshandiswa. Pasi pemamiriro ekuraira, iyi asidi inogonawo kuwanika nekusanganiswa kweiyo isobutyric aldehyde. Mumamiriro ezvinhu echisikigo, inowanika mumafuta uye arnica midzi. Iyo asidi inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwekugadzirwa kwezvinonhuwira, kugadzirwa kweplasticizers yevarnishes, emulsifiers.

Iro homoogues yekutanga (formic, acetate, propionic uye butyric acids) ye monobasic yakazara carboxylic acids ine unhu hwakatsva, fonganisa zvakanaka neH2O mune zvakasiyana. Vamiririri vatatu vanotevera vanopisa nekunhuhwirira kwakashata, zvose zvakasara zvikafu.

Asiyric acid - inenge yakasvibiswa nehupenzi husina kunaka, mamota pamusasa we163.5 ° C. Inowanikwa mune rusununguko (sweat) uye nenzira yeesters (glycerides yemafuta emombe).

Oily acid: iyo formula - C3H7COOH

Sezvo ichi chidimbu chiri mune zvarinogadzira rimwe boka re carboxyl, rinoshandiswa kune monobasic yakazara mafuta acids. Oleic acid inoumbwa nekuda kwemafuta-asidi inogadzirwa yemakrohydrates, mumakambani - nekusanganiswa kwe-n-butane kana mafuta anldehyde. Iyi asidi inoshandiswa pakugadzirwa kwearomatics, kushandiswa kwemishonga, kugadzirwa kweplasticizers, cellulose acetylbutyrate, nezvimwewo.

Low-molecular acids inogonawo kuitika mukugadzirwa kwebhakitiriya muchikamu chikuru chemukati. Imwe yeiyo inonyanya kukosha mashekeri ekuremera acids iyo yakagadzirwa mumatumbo ndiyo butyric acid. Kuwirirana pakati pekuderera kwepasi-pasi-molecular acids uye kuwandisa kwekukura nekuwedzerwa kwezvirwere zvemukati mamukumbo (ulcerative colitis, zvinyorwa zvinotyisa) zvakasimbiswa nesayenzi. Oleic acid ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kwemasero epithelial cells, inotsigira mumakumbo homeostasis. Iyi asidi inorwisa anti-carcinogenic uye anti-inflammatory effect, inokanganisa chido, inodzivisa kukura kwekushungurudzika kwezvinokonzera.

Nekurapa kweimwe zvirwere, vanachiremba vanoshandisa iyi asidi pakurapa zvinangwa. Pakutanga, iyo asidi yakaiswa mumutumbi rectally, nokuti kana yakashandiswa mumuromo yakakurumidza kushandiswa muropa mudumbu. Kurapa kwakakosha munyaya iyi kwakanga kusina basa. Nyanzvi dzedzimwe nyika dzakagadzira imwe miitiro yeyero yebioactive inoshandiswa mumuromo. Chimiro chechirwere chacho chaisanganisira sodium butyrate uye polymer shell. Zvisinei, ichi chinodhaka chakaratidzawo kuderera kwehutano. Iyo yakanakisisa kurapwa kwakagadzirwa nekushandiswa kwezvinodhaka, zvinosanganisira calcium butyrate uye prebiotic ("Zakofalk").