History Ravioli. Ndiani akazogadzira zongzi? akaenda kupi zongzi (vane dhishi)

Chero nyama, nyama, hove uye miriwo, mune zvakasiyana zvose, vachinyatsoongorora akaputirwa thinnest mukanyiwa kuti National cuisines vemarudzi akawanda chinhu zvetsika mundiro. Analogs kuti zongzi zvakadai khinkali, varoyi, manta mwaranzi, jiao Ji kare kuziviswa munyika yokubikira. Saka nei kuenda zongzi? Waani dhishi? Dark uye kujeka ndiyo nyaya iyi zvinoshamisa uye vanodiwa saka chigadzirwa. kuzivikanwa Long zvawo zongzi Russian uye Siberian chili.

Naizvozvo vakauya navo zongzi? Tinofanira kubvuma kuti dhishi uyu aimbova munhu Chinese midzi. Nhasi mukicheni yayo nhoroondo kwemakore zviuru zvishanu pane analogues ose ndiro anenge ose ano. History Ravioli zvinotiratidza ari kare kure chaizvo. Asi pano chete nharo chokwadi kuti akanga ari Russia iyi inonyanya kufarirwa madhishi hakuna basa.

Saka zongzi - a Russian dhishi kana kwete? The Tsika maonero nhoroondo yavo vakanga vakadai: mune Russian chili vakaverengwa pemarudzi kamwe vaigara Ural nharaunda. Russian akazviratidza muzvikamu izvi muna XIV-XV emakore. Uye sezvo pfungwa akaisa mberi dzidziso kuti Komi, Perm, Siberian Tatars uye nevamwe vanhu European kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweRussia zongzi vakabva China nevamwe vekare Asian inoti.

Zongzi: Provenance

Chimwe chinhu chiri pachena, zongzi akaenda Russia kubudikidza zvakaoma, kunyange zvokunyengera. Saka ndiani vokutanga vakauya pamwe ichi chinopa inonaka uye zvakafanana dhishi iri chizvarwa kuti akasiyana nyika cuisines, nemarudzi? Uye ichi hachisi kunyanya kuda nacho culinary zvisikwa zvakawanda. Saka chii Toudza nyaya zongzi?

bhuku Plato akadana "Mabiko" (... 385-380 BCE) anorondedzera dhishi kuti inorwadza nowenyika zongzi - nhindi dzenyama akaputirwa noodles. Uye Roman Petronius akanyora nezvazvo. A mutambo kubudikidza Aristophanes, munhu akararama Plato, anoti ari pamutambo regaled kuziva sauteed bvunzo mumasaga makazara nezvimwe zvokudya.

Asi, culinary dzekare vanobvuma kuti China "pelmeniziroval" Europe.

Russian nhoroondo zongzi

Pane shanduro kwaita Ravioli paivhu Russian zhinji. Kutanga, zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti pamberi 1820-20-ies. anotaura zongzi havazowani chero cookbook Navi Russia. It haatombotauri nezvake kunyange "Musoja wacho Kitchen" muna 1786 uye. - yakakurumbira cookbook Navi S. Drukovtseva

Mumwe tsanangura ichi kuti chokwadi kuti refu vari zongzi muna Ural uye Siberian chili ndiyo kongiri kuti kwematunhu uye rudzi wide mukurumbira kuwanikwa chete XIX remakore.

Vamwe vangati kicheni uyu Mukuru wokuRussia centre haina kunyanya kuzivikanwa.

Zvinoratidza kuti zongzi

Vazhinji zvaizivikanwa nemunyori culinary nyaya yacho nguva, Ekaterina Avdeeva, muna 1837 akanyora "zongzi" sezvo shoko, hodivshem kuSiberia aishandisa. Kuti Russia dzinonzi nzeve, izvo zvakagadzirwa Pasta pamwe minced nyama uye howa kana hove, muchando uye ivo tinoshandurirwa nematombo. Zvazvakadaro, vari kuendeswa munzira, uye vanofanira kusiya navo kufashaira mvura, zvokudya zvakanga zvagadzirirwa uye zvinonaka chaizvo.

Kana isu kutendeukira kune magwaro ane nguva yapfuura, zvinokosha kusangana 1830 kuongororwazve kofi uye. anonyadzisira Mashoko vagari Orenburg dunhu, apo kutsanangura Ravioli munyori ane kuenzanisa navo kuUkraine zongzi. Anoti kuti zongzi (pelyany kana permeni) kufanana tiddly yakabikwa pizza, "Little Russian dzinza zongzi, kwete chizi, asi nyama," izvo kuna Perm chinhu chaanofarira mundiro.

History Ravioli inoti muna 1817 dhishi ichi wakanga uchiripo zvekumwe. It arondedzera Collegiate Patson N. Semivsky "dumplings ayo, diki nyama minced kana stuffed patties vakabika kuti aenderane Chinese. Ndivo zvakanaka kunyanya muchando, inofanira yakabikwa nemvura. Zongzi zvakanaka chaizvo mugwagwa muto. Vari kudyiwa yakabikwa red vhiniga. "

Kunyange zvazvo pane dzimwe zvinyorwa. "Painting chikafu chinonaka wamambo" (1610-1613 uye raiva.) Mariri nezve "gown ne negwayana." Asi Karamzin ari nyaya zvokudya, kune patafura chevaux Fedor Ivanovich, anotaura jasi.

Four vanhu vari vachirwira zongzi

Kusawirirana uye kusanzwisisana pamusoro chii zongzi - vane dhishi National haina ikadzikama kusvikira nhasi.

• Finno-Ugric vanhu vanogara Urals (Udmurtia, Komi-Permian).

Chinonyanya kukosha hwokuti zongzi dzinofanira kuzokurukurwa sezvazvakaita kuvamba yavo, inopa shoko "pelnyan" pacharo. It pervod se "nzeve-chingwa." Uye sokunge munhu dumpling nzeve. Akanga zvakanaka achichengetwa muchando mu zvake mubhegi, kana siiwa kuchitonhora, ari pakavanda, kana imba. Uye kubika pelnyani nyore. Nokuti zvinodiwa unokwanisa kutora nyama yemhuka zvakabayirwa, zvakanaka chibayiro chemhuka tsika pakati vagari Urals zvakakwana.

• Chinese.

Kunyange shoko "dumpling" Finno-Ugric, asi chikafu ichi - bedzi Chinese, kunze gala. Tszyaotsy muna China kugadzirira siyana mumakomba, iyo Chinese deem dzinodyiwa. Uye nyama yavo - havasi chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. A tszyaotsy yakaita mari, ivo kunyange buri pakati, chiratidzo kubudirira, chishuvo utano uye upfumi kwechokwadi.

• Siberians.

Izvi zororo nechokwadi kuti chete chinonyanya rupo kuSiberia zongzi - Aboriginal Siberian chikafu. A mutete rukoko mukanyiwa uye zvekupfakira, iyo awedzera dzakarukwa zvakanaka anopararira chando - uye ikoko une hombe yakawanda chigadzirwa mushure vakauraya mhuka kana akabudirira kuvhima. Hongu, uye iwe unogona kuchengeta zvose nguva zvinochengetwa inotonhora.

Beef, iro akaputirwa chimupotohayi kubva mukanyiwa wakaita chete kubva minced nyama, munyu uye chando .... Uye hapana Mabumba uye chesnochin, sezvo tsika dziri European chikamu Russia. Chete shure ano kuravira, wedzera mhiripiri.

• Mongolians.

Ivo, pamusoro vatasvi vemabhiza parinomhanya mhiri Southern Siberia uye Urals, kwenguva refu pasina kusiya China oga, akasungwa pamwe chete zvose izvi vanhu uye kudzidza resipi. For anongofamba vafudzi, ivo rakaisvonaka Semi-dzapedza chigadzirwa, izvo kufora refu ari ruponeso chaiyo. Mongolians Uchashamisika chaizvo kana mumwe munhu ane mubvunzo pamusoro zongzi - vane National mundiro, achava nharo kuti haisi navo.

Saka ndiani munyori?

Saka mubvunzo kuti ndiani akatanga zongzi, kupindura uye zvakaoma uye nyore. Pfungwa kuti putira nyama mukanyiwa pachena kuitira kuti munhu angadai akafungidzira: Chinese - China, Russian - mu Russia, vaGiriki - muGreece, Mongolia - Mongolia, uye vokuGermany - muGermany. Zviya, last isu akanyengetedza vanyori Ravioli - Protestant mamongi. Munyaya rakakombwa nhare, vanobvumira vanhu kuti vapone.

national zvinhu

Kugadzirira zongzi nhasi, zvakakwana kutenga Semi-rapera chigadzirwa ari chitoro uye kumba kubika steamed, furaya. Asi yokuwana yemachikichori zongzi vanofanira kuva zvombo zvose vemba.

Sei sculpt zongzi

Kashoma nhasi pane imba umo chakuvhuvhu zongzi vakaita mumazuva ekare, anenge mutambo, uye semhuri. Kana musoro wemhuri imwe nyama mukuyi anocheka nyama, hositesi anogadzira mukanyiwa uye dzimba dzose mukanyiwa madenderedzwa, uko extruded nezvirongo, apo mikombe kana magirazi, akaisa stuffing. Ravioli akapeta uye kuramba pamwechete. Dzimwe nguva akatambanudza mukanyiwa unotemwa kupinda zvakaenzana dzinoungana. Saka iwe ita pasina trimmings uye kuponesa nguva.

Zviya, chero chekawo zvachose vaisafanira mhizha vechokwadi. Hapana kutaura pfungwa kuti chete vagokungurusa mukanyiwa zvidimbu aparadzane nomumwe anogona sculpt pelmeni zongzi vari zvechokwadi. Uye zvakawanda vari duku, kuti tastier.

Kunenge kuti iyi ndiyo nyore mundiro. Asi nguva yose mukurumbira uye mukurumbira zongzi vazhinji akasiyana Kubika kwavo Russia. It yagara inozivikanwa somunhu chaiwo - Siberian zongzi - kunogonawo ngaugadzirirwe nenzira dzakasiyana.

All mutsauko, kunyanya stuffing: izvi zvingaenzana nyama pamwe shoma mafuta kana fatter nyama yenguruve, uye, chokwadi, hanyanisi uye vakadzvinyirirwa chando. Sezvo zvinodiwa haangavi kuramba pamaoko panguva pakuumba, uye zongzi zvakachengetwa manune.

Nokuti Ravioli chimiro kunokosha chaizvo. Pashure pezvose, iye kamwe akamupa zita. Uye chii chinofanira kuva? Chero vemba vachakuudza kuti unofanira sculpt zongzi kufanana dzizere Avenue uye nyore, pasina kudhonza zvakare, kubatana kumugumo.

Siberian zongzi

Kuti agadzirire mukanyiwa wavo, achatorwa chete furawa uye mvura. Ndizvozvo, chero munyu. Akadira furawa yemasiraidhi, uye kudzamisa nayo akadurura mvura inopotsa chando. Akakanya mukanyiwa zviri nyore kuti lag shure maoko. Zvino unofanira pasi kwehafu yeawa, akazadza nyorova Polotenchik.

Richishandiswa mhando nhatu nyama: nyama, nyama yenguruve (zvinonzi akasarudzwa mafuta), sohatina. Zvakare, hapana munyu, hapana hanyanisi, uye dzimwe inonhuhwira. Mince kuchekwachekwa.

Asi ichizadza zongzi anogona kuva chero: nyore ruomba, ghee, twakadai, hanyanisi, gariki uye nevamwe.

Chinese zongzi

Kanya mukanyiwa dzinozivikanwa furawa uye mvura. Asi zvinodiwa anosarudzwa zvakasiyana chaizvo: nyama, muriwo, mazai pamwe leeks, nyama nemiriwo. Zvikuru nomukurumbira China zongzi - a "lotus pamusoro pemvura" zvinoreva zvakaoma pfungwa, inovezwa ruoko ne 13 mumakomba, kana "Empress-mai", makazara huku uye chiduku kuti akafanana namaparera.

Ural zongzi

Zviri zvikuru akarurama munyaya iyi, chokwadi, kutaura pelnyanyah. MuRussia, isu hwakakanyiwa mashoko maviri - "pelnyani" uye "permians" (chikafu permjatskogo) - uye achiripo zongzi, wakada nevakawanda. Uye kune avo vanogara Urals, vakanga refu kwazvo tsika dhishi, chiratidzo chibayiro chemombe vechokwadi. Nenzira, mukanyiwa anogona kuwedzera zai hwari kana zvimwe mutambo.

Ural zongzi - dhishi, iyo yakagadzirirwa sezvinotevera. Meat zvekupfakira achiumbwa munyika yakaoma maererano: Beef - 45%, gwayana - 35%, nyama yenguruve - 20%. By stuffing kunyange akawedzera yakawanda mhiripiri nehanyanisi. Saka zviri mukati neimwe Ravioli vaunganidza inonaka muto. Stuffing zvechokwadi akagadzirira chete mumikombe muchimwiro achishandisa kuputswa mupunga. Sami zongzi steamed, haana kugamuchirwa kubika mumvura kana muto.

Kana resipi izvi zvinonaka Ravioli rakatorwa pamusoro nokuda Tatars, avo kudya zvakanga gwayana chete. Russian uyewo kusanganisa zvienzane nhengo nyama uye nyama yenguruve.

How kubika zongzi

Kuti cook zongzi, zvaida skipyatit mvura podsolit kuti kuwedzera Bay mashizha uye hanyanisi, uye ipapo kukanda pachavo zongzi.

Asi zviri nani kana uine nyama muto, yakabikwa pamusoro mafupa. Kana usingade kubika, ipapo chete siya nayo nechekare vakabika zongzi. Ngazvirege kutongoravira achava nani zvikuru uye dzakapfuma.

About zongzi - a zvetsika Russian dhishi kana kwete, unogona nharo refu. vanhu vangani - pfungwa dzakawanda. Asi chisingarambiki ndechokuti zongzi nokuti vanhu Russian - a vaitire chaiyo. Kana vari kuumbwa mumhuri - zviri mhemberero kaviri. Nekuti chigadzirwa ichi chokwadi kuchengeta kudziya maoko uye mwoyo kuvagadzirira. Ane chinokosha kuravira, hapana kuenzanisa haisi kuenda Semi-rapera chigadzirwa kubva pedyo chitoro.

Chero vanhu vakafunga kuti akanga asiri dhishi yake, achaita refu kuchengetedza uye vanokoshesa pachavo Recipes yavo yekare, kusika itsva, uye zvizvarwa vachafanira kutsemuka uye saka inonaka zongzi. Kwakatangira muverengi kwave akaudza munyaya. Zvino, ani kunwisa kudya, enda vabika zongzi!