Gesi condensate

Mishonga yakasanganiswa yehydrocarbons (yose yacho yakasiyana mumasikirini akasiyana-siyana uye inokuya pakushambisa kwakakwirira), iyo inosunungurwa se-inogadzirwa mumhepo inokonzera gesi condensate, gesi nemafuta emafuta, yakabatanidzwa nezita rinowanzo-gesi condensates. Kurongeka uye nhamba yazvo inodaro pane nzvimbo uye mamiriro ekugadzirwa, uye saka zvinowanzosiyana. Zvisinei, vanogona kugoverwa mumarudzi maviri:

• Gorofu gasi rinokonzerwa nemafuta e-petroli-mafuta (uye dzimwe nguva kunyange akakwirira-maserosi emuoriki hutori hwemafuta),
• Chigadzirwa chisina kusimba, icho, kunze kwemahydrocarboni C5 nepamusoro, chinosanganisira gaseous hydrocarbons sechimiro chemethane-butane fraction.

Chirwere chetachiona chinogona kubva kumhando mitatu yematsime, iyo inotorwa:

1. Mafuta asina kuchena (anouya nenzira yegasi inosanganiswa, iyo inogona kuwira pasi pasi zvakasiyana nemafuta asina kuchena (strata) kana kuparadzwa mukati maro).
2. Dry gasi chaiyo (ine ine zvakaderera zvakagadzirwa nemahydrocarboni mukati mayo, muchero we condensate uri pasi).
3. Kunya gesi yemasikirwo (yakagadzirwa mumagesi inokonzera minda uye ine yakakwirira ye petrol condensate).

Nhamba yemvura inowanikwa mumagasi echisikiyo anosiyana kubva ku 0.000010 kusvika ku 0.000700 m3 pa 1 m3 yegasi. Semuenzaniso, iyo yakabuda yegesi yakagadzikana inogadzirisa mune zvakasiyana siyana:

• Vuktylskoye (Republic of Komi) - 352.7 g / m³;
• Urengoy (Western Siberia) - 264 g / m³;
• Gazlinskoye (Central Asia) - 17 g / m³;
• Shebelin (Ukraine) - 12 g / m³.

Gasi yemasikirini inokonzera inosanganiswa nemarudzi akawanda emakrocarbon emvura anokonzerwa neakaderera mashoma, mune zvigadzirwa zvegaseous zviripo. Inogadzika kubva pagasi risina kupisa panguva yekutonhora kwekushisa pakudziya miti (pasi pemvura yemvura inokonzerwa nemahydrocarboni). Inowanzodanwa kunzi "condensate" kana "petroli gas".

Zvirongwa zvekuparadzaniswa kwemhepo inokonzerwa negasi yemafuta kana mafuta zvakasiyana uye inobva pane iyo mari uye chinangwa chezvigadzirwa. Sezvo mutemo, paunyanzvi hwokugadzira yakavakwa pedyo negasi kana gesi condensate field, gasi rakagadzirwa rakagadzirirwa kutakura: mvura inoparadzaniswa, yakanatswa kusvika kune imwe muganhu kubva kune sulfur metric, hydrocarboni C1 neC2 inotakurwa kumutengesi, chikamu chiduku (kubva pane chakabudiswa) chinoputirwa mumvura Maintenance of pressure. Chikamu chakaparadzana (mushure mekubviswa kwezvinhu zvikamu C3, asi neine zviduku zvadzo) ndiyo gesi condensate inotumirwa semafuta ekufambisa kunatsiridza mafuta kana kuti petrochemical synthesis plants. Kutakura kunoitwa neipayipi kana nehuwandu hwekutakura.

Gesi condensate mumafuta ekugadzirisa mafuta inoshandiswa sechinhu chakagadziriswa chekugadzira petoro ine nhamba ye octane yakaderera, nokuda kwekuwedzera kweiyo antiknock additives inoshandiswa. Mukuwedzera, chigadzirwa chacho chinoratidzwa nehupamhi hwehutano hwehutu uye hutunga, naizvozvo hunoshandiswa kubudisa mafuta ezhizha. Sendiri dizeli, gesi condensate inoshandiswa zvishoma nezvishoma, sezvo kuwedzerwa kudhonza kwakawedzerwa kunodiwa. Iyi nhungamiro inoshandisa kudarika chikamu chetatu chemakondensati akabudiswa.

Shanduro inofadza zvikuru inyanzvi yekushandisa ndiyo kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa chakadai sechapamusoro chemajekitori emagetsi emakemikari anonzi petrochemical synthesis. Kubvira pakugamuchira kwayo, kushandiswa kwegesi condensate kunotanga. Izvo zvakadzama zvinopfuurira pane zvivako zve pyrolysis, umo NGL inoshandiswa sechinhu chakakosha pakugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakakosha monomers zvakadai se ethylene, propylene nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvakabatana. Ethylene inotumirwa kunoshandiswa kwemiti, polyethylene yemakisi akasiyana-siyana inowanikwa mairi. Somugumisiro wemapurymerization ye propylene, polypropylene inowanikwa. Chikamu che-butylene-butadiene chinoshandiswa pakugadzirwa kwerubha. Hydrocarbons C6 uye pamusoro apa zvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzirwa kwepetrochemical synthesis (benzene inobudiswa), uye chikamu C5 chete, icho chiri chinhu chakakosha chekuwana zvinhu zvakakosha zvikuru, zvinoshandiswa kusvika ikozvino zvisina kufanira.