Mhando Historical munzanga

Historical mhando paruzhinji evanhu pfungwa huru yose nzanga kusiyana kuripo zvino kana nokusingaperi. Vanobatana pachishandiswa zvakafanana zvinodiwa.

Somuenzaniso, kana mukuru chiratidzo kuchinzi, enhoroondo mhando vanhu vari akakamurwa zvakanyorwa uye dopismennnye. Aimbova vane arufabheti uye kunyora matauriro avo mumabhuku, makombiyuta kana zvimwe zvemagetsi. Asi preliterate kukwanisa kutaura uye rekodhi rinonzwika - kwete. Pashure pezvose, mazuva ano pane marudzi uncivilized.

Maererano wechipiri kupatsanura, marudzi munhoroondo munzanga vari mumapoka nyore uye zvakaoma kunzwisisa. mutsauko iyi inobva mwero kuparadzana ari muvanhu uye uwandu kuzvidzora siyana. Simple vanhu - ndiwo madzinza chinyakare. Havana nokupesana mukati vapfumi nevarombo, pasi uye nevatungamiri. Complex nzanga vane zvakawanda siyana management. Social strata kuti vagari vemo vari akarongwa achiburuka zvarayirwa kwemari. Unogona kuswedera imwe Ringanidzo uye vanoti preliterate nzanga uwirirane nyore, uye zvakanyorwa - pamwe zvakaoma.

Wechitatu kupatsanura anobva nzira kuwana zvokurarama ariko. Maererano naye, nenhoroondo mhando vanhu vauye marudzi akawanda. Dangwe uye wakarebesa (mazana ezviuru zvemakore) - kuunganidzwa uye kuvhima. Vairarama munyika yaiva nguva protoobschestva kana boka revanhu. Nokufamba kwenguva, pakabva ikava mombe uye kuungana - mu horticulture. Izvi zvakaitika apo vanhu vakaziva kuti zviri isingadhuri kuti domesticate mhuka, uye kwete nguva dzose kuvauraya, uye nani kukura zvinomera, uye kwete kuunganidza.

Pamwe yezwi munhu aivapo mararamiro kubva runochengeta, kurima akabva mamiriro. Paiva makirasi, maguta, achinyora - dzinokosha zviri munhu wenzanga yakabudirira. Panzvimbo imwe agrarian yebudiriro pamusoro makore mazana maviri adarika, ndakasvika maindasitiri. Zviratidzo Its chikuru - smokestack mafekitari dzomumaguta nharaunda. Dzimwe nyanzvi kusiyanisa kunyange post-maindasitiri munzanga, iyo yakatsiva munyika dzakasimukira dzakapfuma mukupera remakore rechi20. Zvinonzi Hauchabatsiri hunodzorwa bhizimisi uye basa zvekutepfenyura uye ruzivo rwokugadzira. Zviratidzo zvacho - muzvitoro makuru, makombiyuta kugadzira, nzvimbo zvechitima.

kwemarudzi aya munzanga evanhu panguva ino Danho rimwe kwetunhu kare anozivikanwa classifications. Musiki muenzaniso itsva kuzivikanwa nyanzvi American Daniel Bell. Rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu nhoroondo ano: kuti pre-maindasitiri, maindasitiri uye postindustrial, iye akataura kwavo tsamba mhando munhoroondo munzanga. Change mumwe maitikiro kunotoreva kuchinja zvemichina uye nzira kugadzirwa, muridzi, magariro masangano, enyika hwoudzvinyiriri, tsika, mararamiro, nhamba yevanhu, maumbirwo munzanga. Nokuti chinyakare (pre-maindasitiri) vanhu kunoratidzwa zvokurima sechinhu kutituma kukura, uye chechi uye uto iri basa chikuru masangano. Mugore maindasitiri akatonga indasitiri, akatungamirirwa yemakambani uye makambani. In post-maindasitiri nzanga chikuru chinoita okukura - yokungotaura ruzivo, izvo pfungwa iri kumayunivhesiti. At vanamwari vatatu vatatu ichi rinokosha kune nzira dzakawanda inopiwa nevamwe vanozivikanwa evanhu.

Saka, pamusoro zvinotungamirira zvimwe mhedziso. Kukura vanhu rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu, izvo anoenderana nezvemarudzi matatu vanhu: pre-maindasitiri, maindasitiri uye post-maindasitiri. Kuchinja kubva kwakajairika kuti danho chinyakare inonzi neolithic chimurenga. A achichinja kubva pre-maindasitiri kune muindasitiri vanhu - zveupfumi.