Information sainzi

Pfungwa mashoko munyika yemazuva ano yezvesayenzi chinoreva zvakawanda. Pasinei chokwadi kuti akazviratidza zvikuru nguva refu, kusvikira ikozvino, masayendisiti haagoni kupa kuomesa tsanangudzo kuti izwi uye nharo kuti inofanira kukurukurwa sezvinoitwa indeterminate chepuraimari pfungwa. In mabhuku kombiyuta sayenzi inogona kuwanikwa tsanangudzo iyi:

Information - mashoko kana ruzivo pamusoro chinhu; zivo inogona aunganidzwa, kuchengetwa, akatamisira, kupatsanurwa uye kushandiswa. Information sainzi - nzwisiso sayenzi, sezvo kombiyuta sainzi inonzi sayenzi mashoko, ayo mamiriro uye zvivako, madzidzisiro, kubudiswa uye hutachiwana. Informatics inodzidza ruzivo vachishandisa huru chishandiso - kombiyuta.

Izwi pacharo rinoshandurwa kubva muchiLatin rinoreva "mashoko", "mharidzo". Nhasi, sainzi iri kutsvaka zvakajairika unhu uye mapatani zviri kuri muna ruzivo, asi kure mashoko ari kombiyuta - ane nzwisisa pfungwa kuti unezvirevo yakasiyana siyana pazvinoitwa kwevanhu.

Pasinei kuvapo vakawanda tsanangudzo, chimwe kunze rakajairika uye unonzwisisika. Information - kuratidzwa dzakapoteredza nyika kuburikidza anonongedzera uye zviratidzo. Kukosha mashoko shoko iri zivo itsva, izvo ririmo.

Types mashoko ari kombiyuta. Zvichienderana nzira maonero, zvinogona kuonekwa pachishandiswa ziso, kunzwa, kunhuwidza, kuravira, uye nokubata. Mukuwedzera, muchimiro mharidzo secrete wenyaya, Numeric, hwakajeka uye ruzha. kupatsanura Ndiwo chete uye vhidhiyo.

Mashoko ari kombiyuta ine nhamba zvivako. Izvi zvinosanganisira kukwana, kuvimbika, timeliness, Accessibility, kuchengeteka, relevancy (kukwanisa kuzadzikisa zvinodiwa), ergonomics.

Information sezvo rinokosha mhando zvekuvaka ane zvivako chinoratidza kuti. Idzi dzinosanganisira: memorability, impact, transferability kuti convertible uye abrasion.

Panyaya iyi, mutakuri mashoko anogona kuva chero chinhu zvinhu zvenyika, mafungu (acoustic, remagetsi, etc.), mumwe pfuma chero mamiriro. Panewo muchina-verengeka svikiro (semuenzaniso, rinobva tepi). Information iri chakasvitswa kuti kombiyuta achishandisa zviratidzo.

Signal - muviri chichiitwa, rine mashoko kukosha, uye zvingava discrete kana kuramba. Origin Tinongoda finite nhamba tsika kuti imwe nhamba nguva pfungwa, uye kuramba - mumwe kuti nguva dzose dzinosiyana zvose nguva uye amplitude. The anonongedzera kuti takura yokufananidzira kana zvakawedzerwa mashoko - discrete. Foni kana terevhizheni Vamwe mienzaniso analoginen anonongedzera.

In izvi mazuva mashoko michina iri kukura nokukurumidza zvikuru, uye nhasi zviri sayenzi mashoko, rinozivisa dzinoverengeka munzvimbo itsva, akadai mapurogiramu, cybernetics, chakagadzirwa ungwaru, kombiyuta sainzi, mashoko hurongwa, uye yokungotaura ruzivo. Pfungwa mashoko ari pakombiyuta - pazera chitsva duramazwi iri munhu, uye pasinei kushandiswa kwakapararira shoko muhurukuro, zviri hazvina damerau uye Blurred. Information ano kufanana ruzivo uye ayo kubudiswa pamakombiyuta. On imwe nzwisisa vanochiva zvose Zvisinei zviri pachena, kana iwe kunyatsotarisa, mubvunzo anova kwakaoma kupfuura zvingaita sokuti pakutanga kuaona.

Sezvo makombiyuta vava zvakapararira, uye vanhu kunzwa ane ruzivo tiguu, zvinokosha kombiyuta sayenzi anofanira kunzwisiswa nenzira dzose nomumwe ano anoda kanenge zvishoma kuti varambe vachifambirana nguva. Zvinhu izvi akafurira kuti informatics dzidziso akasuma pachikoro kwakarongwa, uye ose wechiduku anokwanisa mukudzidzire itsva, asi anonakidza uye zvakakodzera nesayenzi ichi.