The neolithic chimurenga

The neolithic Revolution - ndicho chinokosha munhoroondo yevanhu, waiva pakutanga kuoneka ari pamusoro pamwero wenyika munhau-danho prehistoric murume wokuva yakabudirira.

Vazhinji zvemakore chinyakare vanhu hapana ari kushanda handishanduki. kukura kwayo aienda zvokuti zvishoma nezvishoma kuti zvainge zvisiri kuchioneka. Kuchinja munyaya dzakasiyana-siyana vanhu chete rakatanga muzana remakore rapfuura, kuti chete mararamiro vanhu haana kuchinja makumi ezviuru zvemakore.

The chinokosha pamusoro Nguva chinyakare muvanhu, izvo zvakaita kuti STRUCTURAL kuchinja upenyu hwevanhu, vakava neolithic Revolution, rwakatanga munenge zviuru 10-15 apfuura. Panguva iyi zvinenge vachikuya maturusi, kuti chidzoke hwokurima uye mhuka minda. Negoho basa kodzero maererano ichi yekudyidzana kunowedzera uye anotanga kusapfuudza vade, pane zvakawandisa chigadzirwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane mukana wokuti kuunganidza upfumi uye kusikwa reserves. Unobereka upfumi anoita vanhu zvishoma hunotsigirwa zvakasikwa. Vagari anotanga kukura. Panguva iyo prerequisites kudzvinyirirwa vamwe vanhu nevamwe (avo pfuma).

The neolithic Revolution aishamwaridzana kukura kurima michina uye kutanga kurima. Vanhu vakatanga kudyara zviyo nebhari, gorosi, bhinzi, mapfunde nezvimwe zvirimwa uye kukohwa. Kana yapfuura mumwe muvhimi kuitira kunowanzoitika upenyu worudzi akanga vanenge makumi maviri mativi makiromita nyika, iye zvino munzvimbo iyi chakaiswa zvibvire zvokudya mazana varimi. Saka zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza niche yave rakawedzerwa dzakawanda kana kakawanda. To vanhu ndicho zvakawanda "yendarama zera" akatanga munhoroondo yevanhu.

The neolithic Revolution vakabatsira kutanga manyowa of chinyakare zvaiita hurongwa, uye yezwi wokutanga siyana paruzhinji masangano. A chimiro idzva evanhu sangano uye ainzi "protogosudarstva". Panguva ino, tanga kuoneka namagariro hombe achiva yaiona, tsika uye zvechitendero pakati (guta). Apo mutungamiri zvido uwirirane zvinodiwa nevamwe munzanga, asi yatova pachena evanhu kusaruramisira, iyo inosvitsa zvishoma nezvishoma kupatsanurwa zvido izvi.

Zviri Panguva iyi kuparadzana nzira kukura kunoitika pazuva "rokumavirira" uye "okumabvazuva". Zvikonzero nenhema uyu chokwadi chokuti East akapona munharaunda uye voruzhinji zvarinoroora munyika. Izvi zvakanga zvakamufanira kudiwa kudiridzwa mabasa mhiri simba munhu mhuri. In kumavirira, apo basa kwakadaro haamanikidzwi, nharaunda vakarambana zvikuru nokukurumidza, uye nyika wakapfuurira pachake.

The neolithic Revolution nemigumisiro yayo

The ukoshi kuchinja zvakaitika muupenyu chinyakare murume, ndizvo zvikuru. In yezwi iri kugadzira pezvakaitwa upfumi kuti pakupedzisira zvakatungamirira kuchinja kwakapararira zvinenge chinyakare kune yakabudirira ukama vakanga kwakatangwa. Paiva yose mazita mananara vangasimudzira itsva muupenyu hwevanhu, pakati pavo - kuparadzana mombe kurima, sapamazuva Bronze Age - uye yavaive rwokugadzira; kudzamisa munzanga uye pfuma Kusiyanisa mukati uye pakati vomunharaunda; kukura basa mhuri; yezwi kubva kuimba kusvika muvakidzani; kuti chidzoke itsva mhando nemisha makuru. The neolithic Revolution akacherekedza mumwe shure chinyakare, kunyange kwacho kwave gogonera. Pakutanga kwaiva zvitsuwa mashoma duku, apo taumba ose ezvinhu kuti yezwi budiriro. Chete papfuura muitiro zvava yakatsiga zvikuru uye mberi.