Social strata. Vamiririri evanhu strata

Shoko rokuti "akaturikidzana pasocial" akazviratidza XX remakore. zvidzidzo izvi nokubatanidza evanhu vakuru nevanhu imwe akagadzirwa unhu uye unhu.

makirasi Social uye strata

In sainzi, evanhu akaturikidzana ndiwo mudziyo evanhu stratification - weboka nzanga iri zvakasiyana chikonzero. Izvi dambudziko masayendisiti akadzidza kubva munguva dzekare. Social strata sezvo pfungwa yakabuda munzvimbo XX remakore. Vasati kuti, dzimwe vamapoka vakuru vakuru zvakanga zvakakurumbira - pakati vanhu vakaderera uye mukirasi.

Muzana XIX remakore yaiva yakakurumbira yokuti zviri munzanga. Fani iyi yakatanga icho Adhamu Smit uye David Ricardo - dzenhoroondo zvoupfumi. Kirasi dzidziso yakatanga zvizere uye akazarura musayendisiti wokuGermany Karl Marks. Modern munzanga strata kushandisa zvimwe zvinhu kudzidzisa kwake.

Dichotomous weboka vanhu

For evanhu mapoka dzinoratidzwa kubudikidza kupatsanura anoverengeka kutsanangura unhu. Izvi upfumi, simba, dzidzo, yokufaranuka uye rakawanda. zviratidzi ava zviratidzo kusaruramisira uye munzanga daro pakati akasiyana munzanga.

Kune akawanda yokutevedzera weboka vanhu kupinda akaturikidzana. Nyore ndiyo pfungwa musiyano - the duality munzanga. Maererano nepfungwa iyi, vanhu yakakamurwa pavanhu vakawanda uye vepamusoro. specificity kwakadaro kwakanga zvikuru unhu dzomunyika akawanda ekare. Ivo akazivisa munzanga kusaruramisira kwakanga kuri kwose kwose. Mukuwedzera, muvanhu kwakadaro pane vanhu vakaderera yainzi "vakazvitsaurira" - Vaprista, madzishe kana vakuru. Modern budiriro wakadaro magariro hurongwa vakaramba.

mumagariro akanyatsorongwa

Maererano ano stratification, mumagariro strata nzanga vane imwe chinzvimbo zvairatidza, izvo kubatanidza vanhu. Pakati pavo pane pfungwa connectedness uye kuva nzanga. Panyaya iyi, zvakaturikidzaniswa zviratidzo ndivo chete yera "nani - kuipa" kana "kupfuura - zvishoma".

Somuenzaniso, kana tiri kutaura pamusoro dzidzo, vanhu vari akakamurwa akasiya chikoro kana kuyunivhesiti. Shamwari yakadaro inogona kuramba kutaura mari kana basa pakukura wacho. Nemamwe mashoko, magariro strata vane yakaoma wehunyambiri akanyatsorongwa. mhando iyi chepiramidhi pamusoro inova "zvakanakisisa". Kana, somuenzaniso, enzanisa Basketball mafeni uye vanoda ngano, musiyano kwavo hakuzovi kutwasuka, asi mbiri. Mapoka akadaro mukati tsanangudzo mumagariro strata hadzina akafukidzwa.

Pfungwa chinzvimbo

The huru Mapoka iri dzidziso munzanga ndiyo chinzvimbo. Kuti zviri kiyi kukosha munguva zvemagariro stratification. Current munzanga strata zvichisiyana makirasi XIX remakore chokuti munhu upenyu haisi yakasungirirwa kune boka. Sei vanotarira tsika? Somuenzaniso, kana mumwe mukomana akazvarwa mumhuri mari shoma, asi yakanga yakanaka mudzidzi uye nemhaka matarenda ake akakwanisa kuita mukuru basa mamiriro, zvirokwazvo akapfuura kubva rukoko kune mumwe.

Status kunoratidza kuti munhu anoreva izvozvo inofanira kusvitsa zvimwe zvinodiwa. Inesungano nhengo kwenzanga anogona ukuparadze uye kubudisa nhumbi. Nokuti chinzvimbo, uye saka nokuda chinzvimbo rukoko kunokosha kuremekedza senyika wokuyera woupenyu.

Welfare uye Labor

Zviratidzo, izvo vakakamurwa vamiririri evanhu mapoka, unogona kukamurwa kuva mapoka akawanda. Somuenzaniso, izvo kwakabatana upfumi mamiriro ezvinhu munhu. boka iri zvinosanganisira kuvapo private pfuma, hukuru, uye mhando mari. Kazhinji, zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kunzi pachiyero zvokunyama zvakanaka. Maererano chokuratidza iyi, dzinounzwa murombo uye mupfumi svikiro tsime akaturikidzana. Unogonawo kumbotipa muenzaniso vashandi yakaderera-vaibhadhara uye yakakwirira-vanobhadharwa vanogara munzanga kwedzimba, pfuma varidzi, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Pfungwa munzanga kunokanganisa Chiitiko kuti weboka basa. In akanyatsorongwa ichi, tiri kutaura pamusoro unyanzvi uye nokudzidziswa kwevanhu. Labor yakasiyana mumwe nomumwe kushanda, uye riri musiyano uyu zvinoratidzwa mumwe munzanga rukoko. Somuenzaniso, unogona kusarudza vashandi vanoshanda mune zvokurima, maindasitiri, basa kwemauto uye zvichingodaro. D.

Power uye simba

No kumboderera mumagakava akanyatsorongwa simba. Vakatsunga ne mukana munhu kunyengera vamwe. Panobva nemano izvi zvinogona kuitwa zvinzvimbo kana tiine dzinonetsa mumagariro ruzivo. In akanyatsorongwa ichi, unogona kusarudza chinzvimbo uye faira vashandi ari matunhu neminisiparati zvebhizimisi mamaneja mu madiki kana Somuenzaniso, mamiriro vatungamiriri.

Ari oga boka dzinounzwa zviratidzo paupenyu kutendeseka uye mukurumbira. Muchiitiko chino, zvinoita basa rinokosha kunyatsoongorora vamwe. Nhamba iyi haigoni kuva chinangwa, saka zvakaoma chaizvo kuti kuyera uye anoratidza vamwe miganhu. Maererano chikamu ichi, unogona kuziva kurongwa vatungamiriri, inonyatsozivikanwa nhamba tsika, vamiririri ehurumende vepamusoro, uye zvichingodaro. N.

yechipiri zviratidzo

Tava zvinorondedzerwa pamusoro dzinokosha zviratidzo, maererano azovaka yazvino stratification munzanga. Zvisinei, kunze izvi, panewo yechipiri unhu. Havasi ivo kusarudza chinhu, asi kukanganisa chinzvimbo wacho ari hombe vakuru. Kureva, chero evanhu mapoka varipo munharaunda kuti mukuru kana muduku zvakadini, isingapesani zvakananga pakuti maitiro aya. Hwavo unhu hwebetsero.

Ethnonational chiratidzo akasiyana munzanga inokanganisa nzvimbo yomunhu pakawanda. In yetsika nyika, unhu uhwu hazvina basa. Panguva iyoyowo, munyika yanhasi, pachine zvakawanda munyika pane kumwe National kumunetsawo. In zvakadaro nyika kuva dzinza vamwe vanhu vanogona kuva mutsindo kukonzera Pakusarudza kupatsanura munhu kune imwe munzanga.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvakadai - ndicho bonde uye zera, zvechitendero uye zvetsika unhu munhu. Dzavo uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa. zvainoita kunharaunda wacho uye zvaanofarira. Uyewo kucherechedza chiratidzo chokuita nenzvimbo dzokugara. Muchiitiko ichi chiri kunyanya mubvunzo huru musiyano pakati vomuguta uye vomumusha.

Vanhu imwe munzanga

Kuva nechimwe boka munyika inobvawo pane humwe unhu uye mafungiro zvivako zvevanhu. In dzino, nyanzvi dzinoti pane shoma chinzvimbo munzanga. Kune vanhu vasingashandi pasina zvechigarire nzvimbo dzokugara, vapoteri. Mune dzimwe nzanga, rinogonawo akaremara uye pensioners vane mararamiro zvikuru kupfuura vamwe vanhu. Mipata kwakadaro munzanga kunoitika munyika pane hurumende ratyama. Kana hurumende havagoni kupa zvinhu paruzhinji zviratidzo upenyu hwomutambarakede, pamwe zvakadai vadzingwa uchava pamusoro nguva.

Chaicho chinzvimbo ipapo uye vanhu vane zvinogumbura. Ndivo vagari vanenge mhosva mhosva dzavo. Izvi zvinosanganisira vamiririri tsotsi nyika, vanhu vari muhubatwa mumajeri uye mamwe zvivako correctional. Vanhu vanozviwana vari shoma kana mhosva boka, sezvinoita mutemo, haagoni pachavo kuti vanokwira chinzvimbo chakakwirira kana uye hamuna kuzvida.