Kusvibisa nyanza

Kwemakore, mabasa evanhu kwakachinja nedutu nyika mhiri pamutemo, uye mwero kuchinja izvi, zvikuru uye mberi zvikuru nokuda kufambira rwokugadzira kukura. Research mumakore mashoma apfuura, vanachiremba of US National Center kuti Ecological Analysis uye reongororo, akaratidza kuti 40% of yose yomugungwa vhoriyamu pachishandurwa achifuridzirwa murume, uye kwete nani. Vaongorori vakaongorora 17 mabasa akasiyana kuti yekudyidzana kukanganisa yose munyanza kusvibiswa -. Mwaranzi, girinihausi magasi, kutumirwa, nezvimwewo, uyewo kufungawo zvemakemikari zvikonzero - mafuta, fetiraiza, nesimbi, etc.

Vakaita imwe mwoyo mhedziso. Somugumisiro, vakawanda yakasvibiswa nzvimbo penyanza ndivo Sea: The Norwegian, North, South China uye East China. Izvi imhaka yokuti mvura yavo dzichiitika platforms dzakawanda mafuta ari hove vachishingaira, uyewo pano kuwira nzizi zviye yakasvibiswa. Zvishoma yakachena uye reMediterranean uye Gungwa Japan, uyewo yegungwa kumabvazuva United States. Pano dzine vakawanda coastlines uye vazhinji navigable waterways.

Kune Chokwadi, munyika mugungwa munzvimbo dzisina ruzivo pesvedzero womunhu asi vakaramba 3 chete% Mvura zvenyika. Vari pedo namatanda.

Ngatikurukurei zvakasiyana siyana zvinyorwa, zvikuru nezvainoita pakusvibiswa nyika gungwa.

Mumwe mafuta chikuru inoyerera munyika mvura kutsigisa igwa kana Drain mvura kwematangi kana idonhe, apo ayo kugadzirwa neyokufambisa. Gore negore, gungwa iri kukasawedzerwa mamiriyoni 10 matani kubudikidza mafuta. The mafuta firimu iri kare akafukidzwa 20% of nzvimbo nyika.

Mwaranzi, izvo chokuita yose yomugungwa ikoroji, uyewo rinomiririra ngozi zvikuru upenyu mvura expanses uye rakadzika Earth. Kubvira muna 1946, zvakatanga kushingaira zvikasabudiswa mwaranzi iri mvura mumvura mugungwa uye Kuraswa izvi uye zvimwe tsvina nemuGungwa nenyika dzakadai UK, USA, France, Italy, USSR, Germany, etc.

Mishonga yezvipembenene dzinotyisidzira mukuru kuna penyanza mararamiro. Vari artificially akasika zvinhu zvinoshandiswa nokudzora chirimwa zvirwere uye tupukanana. Gadzira kwemishonga yezvipembenene unobereka byproducts kuti batanidza kupinda tsvina uye isva navo uye izvo ipapo kuwira munyanza.

Chakaita zvokugadzirwa surfactants (pamusoro vanoshingaira yomuchipatara) kunge akaitawo mupiro mukuru kusvibiswa nyika gungwa. Detergents kuti tiri chikamu kwemishonga yezvipembenene uye detergents chakaita zvokugadzirwa chawo kuti zvikuru kushandiswa nevanhu, kuderedza pose makakatanwa pamusoro mvura. Dzine chepfu zvinhu kuti anokonzera irreparable zvakaipa zvinenge kurarama mumvura.

Carcinogens vanowanzoyemura rokuchinja basa uye zvinogona kukonzera nokuvhiringidzirwa embryo kukura uye mutation zvipenyu. Dzavo kwainyanya ndiyo manyowa pane makemikari zvinhu nomoto Kwakashandiswa micheka, mafuta uye matanda. Carcinogenic zvinhu sei yakasviba mvura. wevasungwa yavo pamvura pose kupfuura 100 ug / makirogiramu akaoma nyaya.

The inorema simbi inoshandiswa pakuburitswa ndokuwira mugungwa mumvura, vanomiririra hunokachidza njodzi kuna zvomumvura biocenosis, kunyanya cadmium, nemekiyuri uye kutungamirira. gore dzose hydrosphere huchikandwa vanenge zviuru 455. matani nemekiyuri uye matani 15-30 mutobvu.

Nyika dzakawanda kuti kuwana mugungwa, mvura asunungurwa kurenje nechinangwa inoraswa. Kunyanya, nokurasa chakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakadai hwakasimba tsvina gang kuchera, uye makemikari zvinoputika, divi zvigadzirwa indasitiri, masarasara, etc. Bhuku kuvigwa kusvika 10% kurema zvose zvinosvibisa yomugungwa zvinhu.

Chokwadi, mvura vari ehupfumi rinozvichenesa, asi kune mumwe muganhu. Kwakadaro pakusvibiswa munyanza simba, havagoni bikurudza. Saka, vanhu vanofanira kufunga rokuponesa mvura nezviwanikwa, izvo chinokosha tsime vasiri zvinodiwa vepasi.