History uye nzvimbo mazita chirahwe

Munhu wose anoziva: mumigwagwa, dzimba, nemisha, uyewo siyana dzinongoitika zvinhu vane mazita. Zvisinei, haasi munhu wose anoziva kuti kutsvakurudza zvinoda kuranga kwakadaro mazita nzvimbo. Chinhu nesayenzi kuti vanodzidza nzvimbo mazita ose zvinhu zvavo.

nyaya dzokudzidza

The siyana zvido munharaunda zivo zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvakadai nhoroondo simukai uye kuchinja, anoita panofamba, humwewo zviperengo, kushandura uye mataurirwo, ivo rengano chokuita mumwe kana mumwe "zita". Toponymy sokuti sayenzi yechipiri chete pakutanga kuaona. Vakawanda nhoroondo dzakasiyana siyana kuvanhu nemadzinza, pakutanga vaigara imwe ndima, zvinova pachena pashure tikaongorora mazita vakasiya shure. Zvisinei, izvi ndizvo maviri-nzira: mamwe mazita Puzzles nzvimbo haagoni kunzwisiswa pasina kudzidza nhoroondo netsika chokuita navo uye kazhinji kutsanangura zvaidiwa mazita zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.

ukoshi

Kukosha nzvimbo mazita zvinhu uye kudzidza navo nyore kunzwisisa, kana isu anoreva mepu. vanova maturo pasina mazita nenzvimbo. Pasina kwavari, uyewo wakaoma chaizvo kufamba nomunzvimbo, kunyanya mu ausingazivi. Mashoko okuti "pamberi nokusvitsa pfumbu imba, dzokai rworuboshwe uye kufamba mamita mashanu kurutivi rwokumusoro" - zhinji zvinogona kukonzera kuvhiringidzika. Uye mazita mugwagwa zvinoshandiswa kufamba zvinenge zvose. A nyika pasina nzvimbo mazita (sezvo runotaurwa midziyo sayenzi iyi) zvaizova zvakasiyana, uyewo pasina kudzidza navo.

Izvi zvinoratidzwa pachena kare nengano. Genrih Shliman, mumwe havaoni romunda zvokuchera matongo, akaisa kunotsvaka matongo Troy yekare, guta chakarondedzerwa Homer, uye nokudaro kuti huriko. Nepo kutsvaka nzvimbo yakakodzera kuchera, akavhomora nzeve kugomo Hissarlik yaiva Turkey. zita raro nehasha anoshandura se "nzvimbo matongo." Izvi chakaita vanochera matongo vakatanga kutsvaka kwavo pano. Sezvo chikazozikamwa, Schliemann haana kururama: pasi gobvu rukoko panyika mapfupa kwakawanikwa.

panguva Junction

Toponymy - sayenzi kuti vanodzidza nzvimbo mazita kubva kumativi ose. Chokwadi, rinoshandisa mashoko kubva siyana anoranga. Kunzwisisa kwakabva shoko, ayo kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro chaiko runodiwa, uyewo shure kwavo zvinoitika sezvo pamusana kwetunhu date nhoroondo, jogirafi uye zvemutauro. Kana iwe dzokera muenzaniso Schliemann, zvose izvi zvinhu zvinoratidza zvakakwana. "Rubatsiro" Historical uye mashoko pamusoro nzvimbo yomugariro vakatorwa matongo Homer uye kumwewo. zita chikomo (mupiro zvemutauro) rakashandurwa zvakare wakaita basa rinokosha iri kutsvaka.

Vazhinji nzvimbo mazita chirahwe zvinogona kutsanangurwa nokunzwisisa huripo mazita. Funga zvimwe vavo.

The nyore kuita

Historical nzvimbo mazita anoziva nyaya dzakawanda apo, sezvo zita nzvimbo akashandisa izwi rinoreva ayo nenzvimbo zvinhu. Mienzaniso yakadaro vakawanda pamepu. rezvitsuwa uyu Palau muna Pacific ( "Palau" rinoshandurwa kubva Micronesian rinoreva "chitsuwa"), South America uye Atacama Desert ( "renje" mushanduro kubva Indian). Kazhinji zita chinhu chakaumbwa naMweya Kubatanidza akadai ari epithet. Kunewo zvakawanda mienzaniso: Serra muPortugal dorada ( "Gold Mountain"), kuti Parana rwizi mu India ( "rwizi guru"), Mauna Kea mu Hawaii ( "White Mountain") uye zvichingodaro.

Mamwe mazita nzvimbo dziri achichinjwa chinhu chimwe. A kwakapararira Muenzaniso uyu - mazita maguta uye nenzizi. Muzviitiko zvizhinji zvakaoma kunzwisisa kuti chinhu semupi rine "zita". Nairobi, Moscow, Lilongwe, La Plata - zvose panguva imwe chete mazita nzizi uye maguta.

chinjika

History izere nzvimbo mazita uye mienzaniso zita kuchinja pamusoro nguva. Kazhinji chinova mugumisiro pakasvika kusvikira nharaunda yemadzinza itsva, nechisimba kana misha yavo. Human kuziva zvakarongwa zvokuti vose kujairwa, izvozvo anoedza kuti unyatsonzwisisa pachavo. Saka zvakaita mazita mutauro. New vagari kutora nenzvimbo zita, iro rinowanzoshandurwa vasangana, uye vatendeuke nenzira yake. Saka, vaGiriki vekare uongorore zvakare Berber "Adrar", iro rinoreva "gomo" iri Atlas (kubva muchiGiriki "akatakura"). New placename organically kupinda rengano kare hurongwa.

Zvinoitika kuti zita kwenguva nenzvimbo chinhu zvakasiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Hazvishamisi kuti nzizi. Similar nzvimbo mazita chirahwe iri nyore akatsanangura: chikonzero chikuru nokuda kuchinja zita rwizi, sezvo mutemo, riri kushandurwa yezvakaita mvura yacho. Bahr unto Jabhari ( "River pakati Mountains") - zita Nile panzvimbo paakange anotanga pachena mugomo misoro iri Eastern Sudanese mubani.

Uyezve, vanhu vakasiyana kurarama pamahombekombe norwizi, mupei zita rangu. Nokuti ichi Nile El-Bahr, vakapiwa navaArabhu, Coptic Earo, Cyprus uye Tkutsiri - mutauro bunaga uye Bari azvaitwa.

Kuyeukwa kare

Toponymy Mashoko zvinowanzotaurwa watarisana zvakaipa kududzirwa vamwe mazita nokushaya nezvevamwe ruzivo mumunda Mabviro (mavambo). Izvi zvakafanana uongorore zvakare idzva kugara mutauro mashoko, rakanga ambotaurwa. Vrazhsky Lane muMoscow, maererano zhinji, aiva chapupu vamwe apesane muvengi. The zita Rinobatanidzwa ne shoko "muvengi". Zvisinei, kubvuma ichi kwakarasika: "vrazhsky" rinoreva "ovrazhisty". Ndiro zvinoreva shoko iri ikasimudza kusvika XVIII remakore.

Uye mienzaniso yakawanda mazita nzvimbo kuudza kare pamusoro zvekare. Mazita kazhinji zvinoratidza upenyu uye unhu vemo. Sezvo rinogona kutongwa pazuva koshesa basa iri imwe nzvimbo kana nenhumbi dzacho, somuenzaniso, kuti nyika namachinda uye landlords. Dzimwe nguva kunan'anura munzvimbo chokuita dzinongoitika uye okunze zvinhu zvaiva mamirire nokuti imwe nguva kare. Nezvirahwe toponymy iri kazhinji simuka mu nyaya pasina ruzivo pamusoro kare nzvimbo uye zvakaoma kuenzanisa "zita" uye akanzi kwavari ndima.