Kumatunhu Africa: ehurumende uye guta

Mukati Black Continent riri munyika 60, kusanganisira harimboonekwi uye rinozviti mamiriro. Africa kumatunhu akasiyana mumwe ne nzira zhinji: tsika, zvoupfumi, wevanotungamirira, etc. vazhinji vavo sei zvose pamire panze pamusoro yakaoma ..? Iyo nyika hakuzi kwavari?

Features makrorayonirovaniya map: African nharaunda

African nyika mumwe nomumwe akasiyana uye nevamwe. Zvisinei, vamwe maitiro muvanhu inoti izvi (dzinongoitika, zvenhoroondo, zveupfumi) kubvumira geographers vagovane kondinendi kupinda munzvimbo huru dzakawanda. Vanosvika vashanu, maererano UN kupatsanura.

nharaunda Vose Africa dziri pasi apa:

• North;
• Central kana dzinopisa;
• South;
• West;
• East Africa.

Mumwe nomumwe izvi makro-kumatunhu chinofukidza dzakawanda dziri akakodzera chikamu kondinendi. Saka, mutungamiriri kwenhamba inoti ndiyo West mudunhu. Uye vazhinji vavo vanogona kuzvirumbidza kuwana munyanza. Asi North neSouth Africa dziri kumatunhu remasangano huru nzvimbo.

Vazhinji munyika kumabvazuva nharaunda mumakore achangodarika vanoratidza kuwedzera GDP chete capita vemo. Uyewo, nechepakati chikamu Africa pfungwa yaro hwenzvimbo varombo uye kupfuura shure zveupfumi uye zvesayenzi mashoko mamiriro panyika.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti havasi vose vane zoning zano wakatangwa neUnited Nations. Somuenzaniso, vamwe vatsvakurudzi uye vafambi yakabudiswa nharaunda iyi sezvo South-East Africa. Anosanganisira dzinokwana ina inoti: Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique uye Zimbabwe.

Next tichakurukura muudzame uye tsanangura kumatunhu ose Africa, zvichiratidza nyika yavo zvikuru uye maguta.

North Africa

Nharaunda rinofukidza matanhatu changamire inoti uye mumwe zvishoma vakaziva: Tunisia, Sudan, Morocco, Libya, Western Sahara (Sadr), Ijipiti uye Algeria. North Africa, mukuwedzera, kunosanganisirawo mhiri kwemakungwa ndima dzinoverengeka yomumwe Spain nePortugal. Countries munzvimbo dziri munzvimbo nekaupenyu guru.

Anenge zvose North African inoti vane yakafara nzira yokubudisa kuGungwa reMediterranean. Izvi zvakabatsira chaizvo ari kukura kwavo, kureva munhu kumbonyanya pedyo ezvoupfumi ukama Europe. Vazhinji nharaunda yacho vanacho kusimbiswa yakamanikana kumahombekombe kanyika reMediterranean, uyewo murwizi mumupata. Gungwa Dzvuku anogeza nemahombekombe vaviri inoti munzvimbo tiri kutaura pamusoro Sudan uye Ijipiti. On the map North Africa, nyika idzi rwugare zvakanyanyisa okumabvazuva nzvimbo.

Avhareji yokudengenyeka capita GDP munzvimbo hakusi kumusoro. Zvisinei, maererano IMF Zvaifungidzirwa, vacharamba chete kuwedzera mune ramangwana. The nyika ruduku makro-munharaunda ndiye Sudan, uye vazhinji vakapfuma - the mafuta- inoti, Libya, Tunisia uye Algeria.

North Africa akasiyana zvakakwana dzakabudirira (nezvinodiwa African) mune zvokurima. Pano kukura Citrus zvibereko, maonde, maorivhi uye shuga shamhu. Nharaunda kwakakurumbira pakati vaifamba. Countries dzakadai Egipita, Tunisia uye Morocco, ari akashanyira gore negore mamiriyoni evashanyi pasi pose.

maguta Major: Casablanca, Tunis, Tripoli, Cairo, Alexandria.

Algeria uye Ijipiti pamusoro map Africa: Interesting Facts

Egipita - ezvinhu, mukati umo mune mumwe kwenzanga ekare yenyika. Zviri nyika chokusaroora mapiramidhi, pfuma yakavanzwa, uye ngano. Ndiyo mutungamiri Mhedziso muna Dark rose Continent kuti kukura kuzvivaraidza-ushanyi zvekutepfenyura. Egypt gore negore ashanyirwa hapana vashanyi asingasviki mamiriyoni 10.

Havasi vose vanoziva kuti nyika iyi ndeimwe dzakawanda dzakasimukira iri huru. Pano ari kushingaira Mining uye kubudiswa mafuta, gasi, simbi uye manganese mhangura, ndarama, marasha, uye zvichingodaro. D. Panguva maindasitiri nemauto zvinobudirira unoshanda makemikari, ejecha Whitehead Textile Mazinga.

No zvishoma kunakidza mamiriro kuNorth Africa ndiye Algeria. nyika iyi ndiyo pakukura kukura kondinendi. Chinoshamisa, ichi honorary rokuti iye akahwina chete muna 2011, pashure pokuwa Sudan. Kuwedzera nhoroondo iyi, Algeria nezvimwe dzinonakidza chokwadi. Somuenzaniso, haana munoziva kuti:

• 80% yendima inogarwa mumarenje pakati Algeria;
• mumwe madhamu iyi nyika inoshamisa vakazara chaicho neingi;
• rehurumende pane nomwe UNESCO World Heritage nzvimbo;
• Algeria Hapana "McDonald kuti" uye nechechi Orthodox;
• doro chakatengeswa chete unyanzvi muzvitoro.

Uyezve, Algeria inobata vafambi siyana ayo rwokuzvarwa nharaunda. Pano unogona kuona zvose: neeSultan gomo uye masango gobvu, uye kupisa mumarenje, uye muchitonhorera mudhamu.

West Africa

Izvi African nharaunda anoita se Mhedziso mutungamiriri uwandu akazvimirira anoti. Kune 16 vavo pano: Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Benin, Ghana, Gambia, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Cape Verde, Côte d'Ivoire, Senegal, Sierra Leone uye Togo.

Most kunyika munzvimbo - the underdeveloped dzichiva yakaderera GDP. Vamwe kunze Pamazita ichi kunogona kunzi Nigeria. The IMF Zvaifungidzirwa kuti nharaunda dziri vanoshorwa: zviri zviratidzo zviri paminiti capita GDP munguva yemberi iri pedyo havazochemberi.

Vanenge 60% yevanhu West Africa chiri vanoshanda mune zvokurima. Pano pamwero zvibereko Cocoa upfu, matanda, nemichindwe mafuta. Zvokugadzirwa indasitiri kunokudziridzwa zvakanaka chete kuNigeria.

The chikuru zvinetso munharaunda kunofanira kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• kukura simba pamusoro zvifambiso afoot;
• urombo uye kusadzidza;
• vakawandisa mutauro kurwisana uye hotspots.

Maguta pakukura mudunhu: Dakar, Freetown, Abidjan, Accra, Lagos, Abuja, Bamako.

Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa - kunyika sere akasiyana substantially kukura (Chad, Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of Congo, DR Congo, Equatorial Guinea, uye chitsuwa yeSão Tomé nePríncipe). The nyika ruduku munzvimbo ndiye Democratic Republic of Congo ine pasi kwazvo GDP $ 330 paminiti capita.

The makro-upfumi iri hunodzorwa zvokurima uye migodhi, nyika yasara nhaka kubva yaitonga nguva. Pano zvangu goridhe, cobalt, mhangura, mafuta uye mangoda. Economy of Central Africa yave uye anoramba mbishi.

Kuvapo dambudziko kuchikosha munzvimbo inopisa makwapa uye nguva nenguva kurwisana nemauto.

Maguta pakukura mudunhu: Douala, N'Djamena, Libreville, Kinshasa, Bangui.

East Africa

Nharaunda rinofukidza akazvimirira munyika gumi (Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, nyika ine zita rakanaka weRwanda rekuUnited South Sudan), uyewo mamwe harimboonekwi ehurumende idzodzo uye nemataundi nenharaunda.

East Africa - nharaunda pamwe vaduku inoti, nenhendashure zvoupfumi uye predominance ose monocultural kurima. Mune dzimwe nyika, pane raibudirira piracy (Somalia), ndivo zvakajairika uye kurwisana nezvombo (zvose zvemukati uye pakati dzakavakidzana). Mune dzimwe rinoti, nokururamisira zvakanaka dzakabudirira nzvimbo indasitiri. Zvikurukuru muna Kenya kana Uganda vashanyi vachiuya kushanyira vemo National Parks uye kuwana dzomusango hunhu Africa.

Maguta pakukura mudunhu: okuberekwa anogara kudunhu reJuba kuAddis Ababa, muMogadishu, Nairobi, Kampala.

South Africa

Last makro-kumatunhu yacho inosanganisira kunyika 10: Angola, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa, uyewo enclaves maviri (Lesotho uye Swaziland). Nokuti nharaunda iyi dziri kakawanda aitaura Madagascar uye Seychelles.

Southern African nyika akasiyana mumwe panyaya kukura uye GDP nemifananidzo. Chinonyanya dzakabudirira mamiriro nemashoko zvoupfumi, nharaunda iri South Africa. South Africa - inonakidza imwe nyika, iyo ine nhatu chete mumaguta guta.

Zvakanaka kwazvo-dzakabudirira Tourism mune dzimwe nyika dzose mudunhu (kunyanya South Africa, Botswana uye Seychelles). Swaziland akaita akakwezva vafambi vazhinji zvakanaka akachengetedzwa tsika uye ayo mavara tsika.

Maguta pakukura mudunhu: Luanda, Lusaka, Windhoek, Maputo, Pretoria, Durban, Cape Town, Port Elizabeth.

mhedziso

nyika dzose African vari yepakutanga, kunakidza zvikuru uye kakawanda kudaro zvakasiyana mumwe. Zvisinei, geographers vakanga vachiri kukwanisa boka maererano nenhoroondo, socio-zveupfumi nemagariro nzira, kusimbisa shanu makro-kumatunhu: North, West, Central, East uye South Africa.