Zvinetso evanhu mberi. Social mberi uye matambudziko yose

Dzidziso mumagariro mberi - chikamu vakawanda evanhu. Panguva iyoyowo kukosha kwayo zvakaenzana pachavo. Iye kuedza kufunga chii mirayiridzo vari kwemasayendisiti ari muvanhu, muitiro waro kukura, uyewo hwaro ichi pachena mukuru pfungwa yose nhoroondo muitiro.

Pfungwa yokuti "mberi", "kukura" uye "Rungadzokera Shure"

Tisati takurukura chinetso evanhu mberi, tinoona zviri zvinotevera pfungwa: "mberi", "kukura", "regression". Development - muchikwata rwakafara kuti rinoreva muitiro kuitika dzimwe nzvimbo Qualitative kuchinja. nzvimbo idzi dzinogona kuva downlink uye uplink. Naizvozvo, pfungwa mberi - iyi ndiyo imwe chete kurutivi kukura, kumuka mutsetse kubva nyore kuti zvakaoma, kubva repasi kwakakwirira. Kubva atanga, nekusiyana, - kuderera, kurega kunotanga, kudzikisirana. Izvi kufamba kubva kumusoro kusvikira pasi kugomba ravakafa, ndiko kuti, downlink.

Opinion Shaw

Sezvo vatsigiri ake uye vavengi imwe dzidziso evanhu mberi. Bernard Shaw, Chirungu munyori, munyaya panhau iyi kuti anokudzwa ndechokuti kuwana pfungwa iri munhoroondo muitiro, asi kwete kuonga. Maererano naye, murume akachenjera anotsvaka kupfuura zvose, kuchinja ino, asi benzi - kuti dzienderane pachako. Saka, maererano Bernard Shaw, mberi zvinoenderana mapenzi.

Kudzidza dambudziko mumagariro mberi kare

Munhoroondo pfungwa kwouzivi dambudziko iri rave nyaya kugara kufarira. In kare Somuenzaniso, Seneca uye anonzi Hesiod aiti kuti hapana mberi sezvo vakadaro munhau. Mukupesana, zviri kufamba nenzira Golden Age, kuti ari regressing. Dambudziko munzanga mberi panguva iyoyo aionekwa nevanhu Aristotle uye Plato. Vachisendama pamusoro nyaya kusvika pfungwa kutenderera muupenyu paruzhinji.

dudziro Christian

Uyewo dzinonakidza ndiko kududzirwa yechiKristu, rinova dambudziko mumagariro mberi. Mairi, iye aionekwa sangano mberi, zvichikwira, asi sezvo kana pamusoro kuva kare. Saka Ndakatenda Somuenzaniso, Avreliy Avgustin.

Mberi nheyo dzenyika, muchiitiko ichi anouya kure, uye kunzwisisa inobatanidzwa ainyanya nemunhu: pachavo basa womunhu pamberi paMwari, mubayiro, kuonana naMwari.

Kuongororazve nyaya ino munhau

Munguva Renaissance dambudziko wakaiswa sezvo dambudziko rusununguko wacho uye nzira kuita izvozvo. Munguva dzazvino, rakachengetedzwa akagadzira chiono siyana evanhu mberi, izvo anotaurawo rinozivikanwa shoko: "Zivo - simba". Zvisinei, panguva imwe chete, sezvo ari nguva French Kujekerwa, pane dambudziko kusawirirana mberi. Zvikurukuru, Rousseau unonongedzera kupokana pakati tsika mberi uye kufambira mberi ruzivo.

Kana tikafunga uzivi reGermany dzenhoroondo, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kukura riri kubatwa somunhu mberi inofamba, uye nhoroondo yevanhu inofanira kukura kwomudzimu wenyika, Wamazvirokwazvo Ipfungwa. nzvimbo iyi inoitwa Gegel.

Opinion panyaya Zh. A. Kondorse

Jean Antuan Kondorse, muzivi wokuFrance, ndomumwe dzepamusorosoro theorists pamusoro 2nd yezana remakore rechi19. Chii dambudziko mumagariro mberi kubva ake nemaonero? Ngatimbotaurei zvazviri. Condorcet aiva nechokwadi chokuti mberi kunoenderana mberi pfungwa, izvo richiratidzwa kupararira dzidzo uye kukura nesayenzi. In zvikuru "mamiriro" womunhu, maererano anofunga ichi, nhema kukwanisa kuzvidzora kuvandudza, uye izvi zvinokonzera evanhu mberi, izvo dzichayerera nokusingaperi. Kunyange zvazvo ichikutadzisa kuti "kusaverengeka" mukati chaiyo, muchitenda kuti pamwe pakagadzwa kwenzanga ayo anotanga kuenda mberi, izvo zvinoita chete mumamiriro ezvinhu inoitika hwaro.

Chii chitsva kudzidza kwakaita nyaya iyi 2nd yezana remakore rechi19?

Tinoona kuti vakawanda vaongorori dzataurwa pamusoro apa vakambodzidza dambudziko evanhu mberi, vaidavira kuti honzeri ndicho chikonzero kuenda mberi, "Iye magumo kuita." Zvisinei, muna 2nd yezana remakore rechi19 mukunzwisisa nyaya iyi kwakaguma chaishanda kusimbisa, kusvikira yatsiviwa pfungwa "mberi", "zvemagariro" kana "kutenderera" nhoroondo. Vatsvakurudzi akadai P. Sorokin uye Spengler ( "The Decline muEurope") nharo kuti sangano kwenzanga kunoitika pamusoro downlink, uye pakupedzisira budiriro vachaparara kunotozongoita.

Dambudziko evanhu mberi kwayo dzekuziva kuti vamiririri vanofarira kuti utopian gutsaruzhinji (semuenzaniso, Karla Marksa, ane asian anopiwa pamusoro). Vaiva nechokwadi chokuti kutamira mberi - mutemo okukura munzanga, uye inoenda vanotozvikuvadza kuti kuchakunda gutsaruzhinji mune ramangwana. Vakaona kuti vadaro yokufambira mberi dzidzo kubudirira, pfungwa dzevanhu, iri tsika kuvandudzika vanhu. Marxist dzematongerwe achiumbwa pakati remakore rechi19. Panobva kwayo - kare, yokukakavadzniswa-zvinhu kusvika kune boka, ayo kare, zvanhasi uye nezveramangwana. History rinomiririrwa kana ichi somunhu basa iri zvinangwa zvaro.

Hatidi mberi kuchinjwa hachishandi vakambodzidza dambudziko evanhu mberi, uye avo pfungwa. Kubva apa zvinogona akagumisa kuti hakuna anogona sechinoitika chokwadi chakakwana, kunyange zvazvo vamwe chikamu iri neumwe wavo. Zvichida, vatsvakurudzi vachashuva kudzokera nyaya iyi sezvo dambudziko evanhu mberi. Uzivi akatotora vaunganidza vakawanda pfungwa, asi ivo vose zvishoma chete angoramba achitaura.

matambudziko Global nguva yedu

Kupokanidzana evanhu muitiro uchingounganidza panguva ino Danho iri pose matambudziko evanhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

- anokonzerwa kwezvakatipoteredza dambudziko;

- dambudziko pave norugare uye kudzivirira hondo;

- wevanotungamirira (depopulyatsionistskie uye populyatsionistskie);

- nyaya kunamata (nemagariro, utano, dzidzo) uye kushaya zvokunamata (kurasikirwa yomunyika mirayiridzo - dzevanhu tsika) ;

- kukurira kusabatana kwevanhu, izvo zviri kukonzerwa dzakasiyana-siyana enyika, zvoupfumi uye zvokunamata kukura dzavanhu uye nyika.

All matambudziko aya akararama munzanga mberi sei zvido zvevanhu rose uye ayo ramangwana, uye saka vakanga ainzi yose. Kutadza kugadzirisa izvi uye zvimwe nyaya vangangokukuvadza nokupukunyuka nzanga yose zvayo. Uyezve, nokuti ayo chisarudzo, ivo zvinoda vagari kuedza kwete chete mumwe nyika uye kumatunhu, asiwo yose vanhu.

Mumwe nomumwe wedu anouya dambudziko evanhu mberi. Social nesayenzi vakawanda - chinhu chaizvo sainzi, nekuti isu tose vanogara munzanga. Saka, kunzwisisa mitemo inokosha yayo kushanda vanofanira nomumwe. The chikoro kazhinji zvechipameso anotaura dambudziko munzanga mberi, anorondedzera muchidimbu matambudziko munyika yose. Zvichida nyaya idzi dzinofanira kupiwa zvakawanda nezvayo, uye ipapo zvizvarwa aizotuma mauto ayo vasarudza.