Kuitwa mu zvipenyu - chii ichi? Mienzaniso kuitwa uye dissimilation zvakasikwa

Kuitwa zviri zvipenyu - Maitikiro acho inoita basa rinokosha mune zvomudumbu hurongwa chipenyu muviri. Chii? Toti kudya zvokudya nhasi, kuti mumwe simba rakawanda. Asi wakambonyatsofungisisa sei zvokudya zvikanzwika kubva mundiro muchitokisi? Wangova chokudya, muviri wako unotanga nokuputsa zvokudya panguva kugaya, tibatsirwe zvokudya uye anoparadzira kuti masero panguva kuitwa, apo vari kushandiswa kukura uye kugadzirwa.

Chii chinoitika pashure zvokudya?

Kuti tinzwisise zvinodzidziswa kugaya uye kuitwa muna zvipenyu, ngatitangei kutarisa sei isu kugaya zvakajairika chikafu. Funga izvi somunhu Cheeseburger. Panguva mastication kunoitika maceration, vachikuya akashandura kudya bolus, iyo zvino atamira kuburikidza yegurokuro kuti mudumbu, iro rine acids simba uye makemikari kuiputsa voga.

Makabhohaidhiretsi uye mapuroteni (nyama uye bun) dzinotanga kugaya pamberi munhu. Uyezve, ura diki, mafuta (chizi) kutanga hupere zvavo nomumwe zvinoriumba anonzi mafuta acids. Panguva iyoyo, digesting Cheeseburger rakapera. Zvino yava nguva yokuti nezvairehwa zvinovaka muviri mumuviri wako wakagamuchira.

Absorção de Água muviri

Absorção de Água muviri rinoitwa ari ura duku, iyo inopiwa lugs duku, makatumidzwa microvilli. Masero aya anokosha anonge zvinovaka muviri kubva ura uye pumped nayo muropa, iro anovanunura kuti muviri. Kuti tinzwisise izvi, ngatitarisei tsoziva digestible makabhohaidhiretsi.

Pakazosvika nguva makabhohaidhiretsi zviri imwe hampurilainen bun, kusvika duku ura, vari akoromoka kupinda shuga, aizivikanwa shuga. Microvilli ane pombi duku kuti muchayamwa nayo kubva intestinal lumen, uye vanonzwira masero ayo epithelial. Zvisinei, kuti shuga akaita vamwe muviri, inofanira kupinda ropa rukova. Mhiri epithelial masero intestinal ane mumwe pombi, iro anotungamira shuga iri midziyo ropa kuti vakombe ura.

shuga yakawandisa muropa kunogona kukonzera zvinetso zvakakomba, saka chikamu runopiwa chiropa kuti okuchengetera. Masero muviri ichi chinokosha yokuchengetera zvakawandisa shuga sezvo glycogen. Kubva ipapo, shuga runopiwa masero ose mumuviri, iyo kurishandisa kuti kusika cellular simba kana ATP, aifanira kusangana zvose zvinodiwa masero uye nhengo yose. Zvinovaka muviri - haisi chete chinhu chinodiwa kuti muviri yakaramba utano. Zvikuru ndiye zvakakwana yaunodya mvura.

Kuitwa mu zvipenyu - chii ichi?

The chaivo uptake kunosanganisira kwemasayendisiti maviri, umo masero zvakakumikidzwa muviri. Wokutanga kunosanganisira Absorção de Água mavhitamini, mamineral nemamwe makemikari kubva chikafu. Muvanhu, izvi zvinoitwa ane (nomumukanwa dög uye dumbu kurozva) mumuviri makemikari kudzikisirana (makemikari uye acids). Masero wechipiri inonzi bioassimilation, ndiyo makemikari nokuchinja zvinhu muropa, chiropa kana masero secretions.

Kuitwa uye dissimilation mu zvipenyu

Dissimilation mu zvipenyu ndiwo muitiro manyowa pane makemikari yeimwe (mapuroteni, mafuta, makabhohaidhiretsi, uye t. D.) On nyore fuma. Kubatana kuitwa uye dissimilation chinopa kupanana kwenyaya uye simba, ndiko repakona choupenyu uye inopa kuramba yokuti Organic zvinhu rose muviri upenyu yatinofema.

Dissimilation mu chirimwa uye mhuka Utachiona

Dissimilation mune miti ndiyo musimboti muviri vanoverengeka pezvakaitwa, kusanganisira afemeruke uye glycolysis. Kubudiswa simba rinoshandiswa uye mugumisiro azvaiitwa kunodikanwa kuti kuvapo zviratidzo zvinokosha. Pakati okupedzisira zvibereko dissimilation kutungamirira nzvimbo inogarwa mvura, carbon dioxide gasi uye amoniya.

Kana mhuka zvigadzirwa izvi munguva kuchengetwa kumira kunze, carbon dioxide kuti mune miti (kwete zvakazara) uye amoniya anoshandiswa nokuda biosynthesis pamusoro makemikari nyaya uye vari yakatsvuka mashoko Absorção de Água. Kusimba kurongedza dissimilation zvinomera dzinosiyana-siyana zvichienderana padariro ontogeny uye muviri zvinoenderana nezvimwewo kanoverengeka.

Mienzaniso zvoutachiona kuitwa

Kwainyanya simba vose upenyu panyika iri zuva nemwaranzi. Utachiona All mupenyu panyika inogona kukamurwa autotrophic uye heterotrophic. boka First - iri vakawanda mitema, anokwanisa rokutendeutsa vanopenya simba kubva zuva uye photosynthesis kuwana Organic yeimwe kubva inorganic zvinhu.

Nezvimwe zvinhu zvipenyu, kunze dzimwe tusingaoneki vanokwanisa kugamuchira simba achishandisa nemakemikari kuti metabolize kuti makemikari nyaya kare kuumbwa uye kushandiswa simba rine kana somunhu STRUCTURAL mashoko vanoumba miviri. A nguva apo pane kupfuura basa uye zvikuru kuitwa mu zvipenyu - muduku zera mhuka uye kukura mwaka zvinomera.

Muviri: kubatana mbiri dzinotsanagura

Muviri ndiko kubatana pezvakaitwa maviri: kuitwa uye dissimilation. Kugona ndiko kuwanda kwemasayendisiti pakusika nyaya mhenyu: uptake pakati zvinhu kupinda muviri kubva kwezvakatipoteredza, paumbwe dzimwe kunzwisisa makemikari kubva nyore uye zvichingodaro. Kuitwa mu zvipenyu - mumwe mutoo umo masero vachishandisa mabhuku akasiyana tinoshandurirwa nyaya mhenyu. Dissimilation - ndiko kuparadzwa yacho, kuora, kudzikisirana kuti zvinhu muchitokisi tsika mupenyu, kunyanya mapuroteni yeimwe. Kuitwa (mienzaniso zvakasikwa - photosynthesis, senitrogen Kuda kutamba ivhu, inotonhorera uptake panguva kugaya) uye dissimilation zvakabatana chaizvo. Kugona pezvakaitwa pamwe kuwedzera nokutyora, izvo, zvakagadzirira kuitwa.