Berezina (rwizi): tsanangudzo uye nhoroondo. Berezina River pamepu

Berezin - rwizi, iyo inozivikanwa kwete chete kune vanhu Russian. Iye kuchitaurwa munhoroondo French hondo, uye nyika ino ichava Uchairangarira sokuvapo rangarira mukuru Napoleon. Asi nhoroondo rwizi urwu hwakabatana nevamwe zviitiko uye kushandiswa kwemauto.

Belarusian rwizi Berezina tsananguro

Ndicho wakarebesa rwizi muna Belarus, kureba kwayo vanosvika 613? Km uye zvachose nzvimbo bheseni yose iri 24 500 km ^2. Berezin ari kurudyi mutero of Dnieper. It rinobva muna Vitebsk nharaunda mune nomumachakwi nzvimbo pedyo netaundi Dokshitsy uye runoyerera vari southerly negwara. Ruchiyerera napakati Central Berezina nebani, totaura pamusoro Gomel nharaunda , uye pedyo nomusha Sloboda Coastal runoyerera kupinda Dnieper.

In rwezasi-wokumabvazuva yakatenuka Belarusian muhomba Rwizi wokushambidzira, zviri kunzi Watershed of reBaltic uye Black makungwa. Mativi kwayo okumabvazuva uye vokumadokero intersects pamwe madziva Pripyat nzizi Druts uye Avian. Kubva kuchamhembe dziva rwizi Western Dvina inoguma uye mberi rwizi Berezina. Pamepu unogona kuona kuti ane yakanaka, dzinopoterera njanji. The kudzika rwizi kunosvika isvike kusvika 7 metres, asi Paavhareji payo zvichisiyana 1.5 kusvika mamita 3. Mhiri rwizi chiteshi iri kujekesa, ipapo anowedzera kubva 100 kusvika 300 metres.

The rwizi mabhanga ndiwo pamawere - 1-2 metres, asi dzimwe nguva kukwirira yavo inogona kusvika kusvika 15 mamita. Zvikurukuru, pamusoro Mujinga yomudondo kumira. Kukwirira rworudyi Bank rinowanzova kupfuura kuruboshwe. Berezina River (mufananidzo kuratidzwa munyaya) ndiyo mumagwa, asi chete mune nzvimbo diki, vanenge 500 km.

Nei rwizi anonzi "Berezina"

Vazhinji vanodavira kuti zita vaibva nyore nemashoko Russian Birch. Asi vamwe ndiwo mavambo mubvunzo, nekuti kana kufunga suffixes yaiwana zita shoko kuti sendiri kufanana Berezovka, Birch, etc. Saka, zvingangoita kuti zita rwizi kwasvika kwatiri kubva mumwe mutauro, asi zvinoreva belostvoloe muti. Somuenzaniso, muna reBaltic-Lithuanian "Birch" unorira "berzinis".

Asi kune vaya vanoisa mberi dzidziso kuti shoko "Berezina" hwakabatana pamwe Balto-necheSalvic midzi ane kukosha "kutsanya" (Lithuanian "burzdus;" Proto-necheSalvic "brz"), uye muna Russian rinonzwika saizvozvo ibatanidzo "Greyhounds".

misha

Murwizi mubhedha uri maguta akadai vanozivikanwa akadai Borisov, Berezino, Bobruisk uye Svetlogorsk. Panewo misha inoverengeka. Zvinofadza Berezino iri pakati nyika isati nzvimbo iyi yaiva inoshandiswa pakutsigira pambiru kurwizi nevezvokutengeserana. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kunotenga centre pamwe kugarwa akakura. Saka rwizi Berezina Berezino rwakaita basa rinokosha nechitarisiko kweguta.

rwizi Village

Pashure netaundi Borisov armhole rwizi zvishoma nezvishoma akashandura kuva vashoma, machakwi nomunzvimbo dzine. Pano vagadzirise zvisingawanzoitiki eshiri vakawana musha wavo dzomusango. Munzvimbo iyi pane nemapere zhinji uye bison. Pashure Berezinsky Reserve zvinomera rwizi ipfupi uye vakaramba chete pamhenderekedzo.

Tourism pamusoro rwizi

Berezin - rwizi, anodiwa vafambi vazhinji. Munyaya anodziya mwedzi, pazororo nguva kubvunza pamusoro kayaks, canoes, kayaks, catamarans nezvimwe vezvenhau. Kana ukatevera rwizi, unogona kunakidzwa siyana hunhu hwemunhu uye biosphere chengetedza. Pamahombekombe ari Berezina akaronga nzvimbo kupaka. Uyewo, rwizi ingasvikwa pamusoro motokari yake.

Kuredza Hove Berezina

Rwizi akapfuma hove. Pano ukaona: tench, Pike, roach, bream, knot uye kabhu. Uyewo kurarama pano zvinokosha mhando: neKubhi, muramba, nase, Rainbow, walleye, Catfish uye nase. Hove inogona munzvimbo dzakasiyana, soRwizi izere nehove. Kana zvikaitika kuti dzichiruma haisi, unofanira kuedza pamwe giya, profiteering kana nzvimbo. Dzimwe nguva zvinoitika kuti varedzi vaviri kubata unotevera hunoshandiswa, mumwe anoenda, mumwe pashure pomumwe, uye wechipiri haasi rombo, haana kunyange kukutambudza. Kana izvi zvakaitika kwauri, edza kuwana nzvimbo yavo uye kudzika.

Mark munhoroondo

Pakati veko ndiro ngano pamusoro Berezina River. Vanotiudza kuti ari pamhenderekedzo izvi kwapfuura hondo inokosha, uye hondo French vaitungamirirwa Napoleon vakakundwa. Nhasi, Zvisaririra nyaya iyi anozivikanwa nevakawanda. Asi vashoma vanoziva kuti Berezin - rwizi chenhau hondo dzakawanda. Saka, muna 1709 ari Swedish King Karl XII akatamisa hondo yake mhiri kworwizi uye vakakundwa panguva Poltava. Uyewo muna 1920, pamberi mutsetse yeSoviet-Polish hondo vakaenda Berezina. Uye muna 1944, apo paiva Patriotic War, parwizi akabudirira akundwe imwe huru mapoka German.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti munhoroondo zvakaitika hondo dzakawanda pamusoro Berezina, chinonyanya inozivikanwa ndiye kukundwa Napoleon.

Hondo France

Zvakaitika munguva yeHondo Yenyika II muna 1812. Napoleon pashure hondo Red vakadzokera shure nehondo yake kuMadokero. Kutuzov nemasoja ake shure yekudyidzana. Asi kuverenga ndechokuti Napoleon akadzikatidza nzira Admiral Chichagin nehondo remasoja 25,000, vachatevera rwezasi. Uye kubva kuchamhembe kusvika French mberi nebasa Wittgenstein nehondo manhamba 35,000.

Kutanga kubva November 16, chichagov aigona kudzora zvose nzira ferrying. Maererano zano murayiro Russian, zviri pamusoro Berezina hondo French pamwe mambo yake ipazwe. Panguva ino, Napoleon akanga ari apererwa nokuti kunyatsotevera kubva kumativi ose, uye vakasvika Berezina River. Panguva iyoyo, akanga 40 zviuru masoja hondo. About chete nhamba vakakuvadzwa kana unarmed. Uto French akaneta.

Napoleon Chichaginu akaratidza kuti ari kugadzirira anotakura mauto ayo kubva kumaodzanyemba kurutivi netaundi Borisov. Russian Admiral akatanga kupfupikisa hondo yake yaida kuyambuka pfungwa. Panguva ino, Napoleon akavaka mazambuko pedyo nomusha Studenka, yaiva kuchamhembe Borisov.

The rwizi kuchitonhora zvokuti chando floes dzaiyangarara pamusoro payo. Kuva kusvikira pamutsipa wako mumvura, French akavaka chikepe kwemaawa. Vanhu vazhinji vakafa nechando. November 26th Army vakatanga kuyambuka. Russian General Chaplitsa vake simba duku akaedza kurega, vachiridzira mazambuko pfuti mbiri. Close aigona kuuya, sezvo French kudzivirira. Sezvo hondo Napoleon yakanga nengarava anenge pasina kupindira.

Pazuva rechipiri, apo French vakanga vachisundana vachiuya yokuzviparadzanisa Chaplitsa, pedyo Borisov akarwa Vitgenshtena mauto. Mumwe French mapoka mapfumo.

Chete pamusoro November 28 pa Hondo Berezina rwizi akapindira chichagov. Panguva iyi, unorema wehondo French akakwanisa kuyambuka uye kushingaira akadzivirira. The napoleonovtsy asara vakaedza vanosvika kumhenderekedzo, mazana avo vakafa kutokonora.

November 29 Wittgenstein akakwanisa kukanda mauto avo ose huru nzvimbo yehondo. Vakasara mauto Napoleon uye convoys vasingagoni kuyambuka, nokuti mazambuko apiswa. Mauto French chakarasikirwa masoja vanopfuura zviuru 20. Asi vakafa uye vaya nyore vakatevera Napoleon - vakakuvadzwa uye vanhuwo zvavo (kusanganisira vakadzi nevana). Akafa kwete chete kubva mabara, vakawanda rukawomerera rufu kana rikanyuramo murwizi.

The Nokurasikirwa kweuto Russian yaive mana nguva shoma, asi, pasinei ichi, hondo kwainzi kukundikana. Napoleon, uyo akanga akavharirwa, asingakwanisi kuenda uye achaponesa chikamu mauto uye kumuisa Vilna, Vilnius nhasi. Chikonzero chaiva Chichagin.

Mauto Vose vaiti tsika kukunda. Saka zvakanga Chokwadi yakahwina Russian, asi tactically akahwina kuruboshwe French. Averchenko nomazvo akati: "Napoleon aiva kukunda."

Berezina uye French

Somugumisiro kuti yenhamo hondo pamwe French, itsva pfungwa "Berezina". The rwizi, kana pane zita raro rava zita mhuri uye rinoshandiswa senzira "nhamo", "njodzi" kana "dambudziko".

Chii chakazoitika hondo Napoleon? Zvinofadza kuti pamberi kukundwa kweuto French kwainzi Guru. Asi ikozvino, kubvira panguva ino, iye akapotsa havasisipo. Kunyange zvazvo Napoleon akaramba ake mishandirapamwe muchiuto, uye zvino hondo yake yakanga kuipa, kwete kutyisa. Kubvira ipapo iye wakatambudzika kukundwa kukuru uye kukundikana.