Epics Russian pamusoro magamba: nevahedheni uye Christian

Kubva munyaya kundizivisa nyaya "epics Russian wemagamba", tanga kutsanangura ethnographic mashoko ichangobva kutaurwa rokuremekedza. Ethnographic chikamu epics pamusoro magamba hazvigoni dzakanaka. Kwemazana emakore, vanhu paakapiwa mavari pfungwa voumhare, uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika, kuomerera tsika dzechitendero.

Shoko "paakaita" akasikwa yokuRussia musayendisiti-ethnographer Ivanom Petrovichem Saharovym pakutanga pamusoro XIX remakore. Naizvozvo, ine mabhuku mavambo. Vanhu pakutanga kushandiswa kureva paakaita nengano dzezvakaitwa akasiyana zita - "wekare". Mufananidzo gamba iri epics Russian yakabuda maviri emakore pashure nyika yawana statehood kwayo. Pamberi Mongol-wechiTatar joko Russia, zvinongokonzerwa hariko. Izvi zvinosimbisa shanduro nezvekwakabva Altai wake mutauro boka, iro rakabva pashoko "batyr" aishandiswa nokushingaira. Muzana XIII remakore ari Mongol Khan akanga Housing Bagaturov - masoja, zvakasiyana simba panyama kuti zadokumenirovano yaMakoronike. Nokuti eMongolia, shoko iri rinobva Sanskrit, apo "blagahara" raireva - rombo.

Now - zvakananga nezvenyaya yacho. Pane matanho maviri rakasikwa umhare epics. Wokutanga chinayo chaizvo nguva, kubvira panguva yakare muchihedheni chiKristu, kureva, kusvikira pakutonga Prince Vladimir pamusoro Kiev. The wechipiri yakatanga kutonga chambotaurwa nezvacho Prince - Baptist pamusoro Rus, uye hwakaguma chete makemikari chinotsiva nomumukanwa yakakura inoratidza mabhuku yemunyori.

paumbwe Russian yakakura magamba-Christian Pre akatiudza mazita Volga Svyatoslavich, Mikita Selyaninovich, Svyatogora. Vose vanhu ava vane zvinhu akakweretwa kubva vanamwari vechihedheni. Mazita Russian yakakura magamba anoratidza vanonyanya kutaurwa nyaya, "Svyatogor uye Mikula Selyaninovich", "Mikula uye Volga Svyatoslavich Selyaninovich".

Mother Zirume Svyatogor - Cheese Land, uye baba vake - "rima", kureva chinoitwa kubva imwe nyika. Izvi knight Zirume organically woga simba pezvokuvamba Russian kuNyika.

Mikula Selyaninovich (analogue - the Greek gamba Antaeus) - kwete hofori, iye anotarira - murume simba guru, asi ane chakavanzika simba - iye zvikuru raakashandisa nemadhaka pasi. Uye ukama iyi vasingasiyani zvokuti "haugoni kurwa naye." Gare gare, munguva yezwi tsika dzechiKristu, mufananidzo Mikula zvishoma nezvishoma akatamisira zvarinoreva Nikolayu Chudotvortsu (Nikola Vernal yechihedheni mazororo musi 9 May zvishoma nezvisho- ikava chitubu mutambo St. Nicholas.)

Mufananidzo Volga Svyatoslavich - kupfuura asinganzwisisiki dzose dzinoti "epics Russian wemagamba." The chaizvo kwakabva zita inobatanidzwa uroyi ethnographers - kubva pashoko "muroyi". Iye - a werewolf anonzwisisa mutauro shiri uye mhuka. Ungangove, mufananidzo chaiwo - rakabva mwari wechihedheni Volha kundovhima. Amai Volga - Martha V., uye baba vake - nyoka. Nengano dzezvakaitwa Volga - kare, akafanana kuna Viking yakakura kurondedzerwa rutsigiro rwemauto muAsia uye Indian nharaunda. Achibatsirwa zvemashiripiti, uyewo zvechiuto noumhare, akatsvaka kukunda pamusoro vavengi.

Nokupfupikisa boka redzinza chiKristu nguva, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vakawanda nyaya rinosimbisa ndiro rine pakati magamba Mikula Selyaninovich. Tatarisana Svyatogor, murimi mudiki gamba akapa kwaari amusimudze bhegi pasi, vakaisa "zvose matambudziko enyika." Giant akakundikana, Mikula akakunda, nekuzadzisa aida kuita neruoko rumwe. Iye kwakapfuura pamusangano pamwe Volga, uyo akamukumbira kuti abatsire ari kuunganidzwa kwemitero. Vachibvumirana Mikula anoyeuka gejo asara, uye aida kutora naye naye. Volga akatuma varwi vake shure kwake, ipapo boka pachake. Asi kurema kwebhokisi iri vakapfuura nemasimba avo. Vakabva ndokuwana murimi mudiki knight uye nyore, zvikuru zvachero kwakaita kunodiwa. It hariratidzi kuti mukuru zvinorehwa pamusoro kuziva ndiro rine chokwadi pamusoro murimi mudiki basa? Nokupfupikisa paakaita chiKristu nguva, ethnographers kuzivikanwa ndiro rine chokwadi pfungwa catholicity (generality) of Russia.

The rukoko wechipiri inobatana Russian dzinza ichikosha Vladimir. Christian "epics Russian pamusoro magamba" vari kutanga kurumbidza vasisiri generalized, kwouzivi rengano vatambi chaivo evanhu, "co-akashanda basa guru" yokumusha. Central uye centrifugally mufananidzo them Muromtsa. Ndiye gamba iri kutenderera, pane vanenge 90 nyaya. Zvikuru nomukurumbira pakati pavo - pamusoro nevaiita chembavha, Idol marara. Knight kwakaita basa - kudzivirirwa chiKristu uye Russia, uye nzira kwayo Implementation - Christian, uye zvakawanda zvakananga, yemamongi basa. "Silushka umhare" sechipo kubva "vapemhi-zvichipfuura" mamirire yechiitiko mvumo akaoma mutezo-makore 33. Asati afa, anotuma ake silushku simba Svyatogor. Lifestyle protagonist epics Russian - mbeya. Sei zvakadaro? Sei asina hapana mhuri, pasina musha? Zvichida chikonzero - yemamongi mhiko, nokuti rinobatanidza yechiKristu Feat kutsvakatsvaka uye upenzi.

Akatevera kukosha gamba iri yakakura yechiKristu Dobrynya Nikitich. mufananidzo uyu akazviratidza gavhuna yakafanira Dobrinja, babamunini Prince Vladimir pamusoro Kiev. Rinobatanidzwa epics matanhatu. Iye - Muranda apo Vladimir Dzvuku Svondo Mudzimai wake - Vasilisa Mikulishna mwanasikana Mikula Selyaninovich. Chinonyanya unoshamisa Feat ndiyo takunda ake pamusoro nyoka Gorynych ari okushayiwa matatu moto-kufema. Pakati Ngano pamusoro gamba iri pachimiro kurwa pamwe Iley Muromtsem - zvemitambo, vakatendeseka, fraternization rapera, uye ipapo - Joint rutsigiro. Nenzira, pavanotaurirana akaratidza "simba ruvara" ari "makore" zvakawanda waEriya - "simba rworuboshwe ruoko" (Zviri pachena sei pfumo ronda kuti aripo pamusoro zvisaririra tsvene knight), sprained rutsoka. Magnanimous Dobrynia asina kushandiswa ichi nyaya kuwana kubwinya Kumukundi.

The kutenderera wechitatu yakakurumbira knight - Alyosha Popovich. unhu Izvi zvinoratidzwa nyaya duel pamwe Tugarin Nyoka uye ngano "Zbrodovichey Hanzvadzi." Tugarin - generalized mufananidzo zvehondo muArabhu, nguva dzose kurwisa, achibira kuuraya, kudenha vasungwa. A Olena Petrovna Zbrodovichey mukoma hanzvadzi - necheSalvic nengano of kutobaya rudo mukadzi, tichipedzisira inofara. The kumumvuri of gamba kare kudana Rostov boyar Alexander (Oleshi) Popovic, kunge basa guru kuna Vsevolod Huru Nest, uye gare gare - mwanakomana wake Constantine Vsevolodovich. The umhare pokufa gamba yawana panguva Hondo Kalka.

Kuongorora Christian epics Russian pamusoro magamba, zvinofanira kubvumwa kuti zvifananidzo zvavo vakabatsira kuti paumbwe dzakafara negurumwandira vanhu kunzwa wokuRussia ehurumende uye kudiwa vachizvipira kushumira Motherland.