Inonyanya kuzivikanwa mazita ekuBelarusian: mazita, mavambo

Mavambo emazita akakodzera aigara achiita vanhu. Mumwe nemumwe wedu anofungidzira nezvemhuri yemhuri yedu uye zvinoreva zita racho. Kunyangwe chiitiko chepachiitiko uye chidzidzo chetauro munharaunda ino chinogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro isingatarisirwi. Semuenzaniso, zita reKhayzanov rinogona kuva simba rehupenyu hwemunhu kuKhazanovich, Khazanovsky kana Khazanovych. Zvichienderana nedzimwe mutongi wokupedza kudzidza uhu hwemunhu, asi izvi hazvirevi nguva dzose. Khazanovich angave ari Russian, Belarusian, uye wechiJudha.

Kunzwisisa kuti ndiani aripo, achabatsira anthroponym - sainzi inounganidza uye inodzidza mavambo emazita akakodzera. Inobatsira kunzwisisa kuti ivo vari mune imwe nzvimbo, kupi uye nekuda kwezvikonzero zvipi zvavakaonekwa. Mazita evaBelarusian uye mavambo avo akaoma zvikuru, sezvo kupinda kwePoles, Russia, Tatars neLithuanian kwakakunda nyika dzeBelarus nguva dzose.

Nguva yekuonekwa kwemazita okutanga munyika dzeBelarus

Mazita echiBelarusian anogona kuva nemhando yakasiyana yemidzi uye kuguma. Anthroponyic analysis inoratidza kuti tsika yenyika yacho yakakanganiswa zvikuru nemarudzi akawanda. Vakatora nyika uye vakasimbisa mitemo maererano nemafungiro avo. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha ndiyo simba reLithuania guru. Yakaita shanduko kwete mukududzirwa kwetauro weBerrussia, asi zvakare yakatanga kutumidza nzvimbo dzakanaka nemazita mazita.

Surnames yakatanga kuonekwa kumaodzanyemba kwema14 kusvika kuzana remakore rechi15, vatakuri vavo vakanga vari mukomana, vanhu vakakwirira. Zita rejeri rakakanganiswa netsika uye mutauro weimwe nyika. Nhamba yakawanda yemidzi uye yekuguma inobva pane nguva nguva uye vanhu vaitonga nyika dzeBelarusian munguva ino.

Surnames of varimi uye gentry

Nezita remhuri yemhuri dzakakurumbira, mamiriro acho akanga asina kunyanya kugadzikana uye anonzwisisika. Aya aisanganisira yekare yekare Gromyko, Tyszkiewicz, Iodko kana Khodkevich. Chaizvoizvo, kune chikonzero chezita racho yakawedzerwa kuguma -vich / -iyo yakaratidza kune yakanaka uye yekare yakabva kwerudzi. Vakuru, zvisinei, havana kumbosiyana nezita reimba. Zita racho rakatorwa nezita rababa kana sekuru, somuenzaniso, Bartosh Fedorovich kana Olehnovich. Chinofadza chaiva chekuendeswa kwezita rezvivako uye nzvimbo kune imwe mhuri yeimba. Vafudzi vakagamuchirawo mazita avo mazita pashure pemasters. Somuenzaniso, zita rokuti Belyavsky rakasimuka nekuda kwezita renhaka. Uye vatenzi vechidiki nevarimi vaitumidzwa zvakafanana -Belyavsky. Zvinogonawo kuitika kuti mhuri yeva serfs yakanga ine mazita akawanda. Munguva iyi, mazita avo mazita akange ari emhando yekutenderera.

18th-19th century

Panguva ino, nzvimbo uye kusiyana kwemazita evarimi vemunyika uye nharaunda dzakanaka zvakatanga kuonekwa. Vanopfuura hafu yevagari vevanhu vaipfeka mazita ekupedzisira ekupedzisira--vamwe / -ev / -iyo, somuenzaniso, Petrovich, Sergeyitch, Mokhovich. Nharaunda dzemazita aya anowanzo dzaiva pakati nepakati kumavirazuva enyika dzeBelarusian. Yaiva panguva iyi yenguva iyo mazita akajairika akaumbwa, ivo vanoonekwa seavo akare kare. Somuenzaniso, zita reIvashkevich rinoreva mazana emakore gumi nemasere kubva muna19-19 kubva.

Zita racho rinogona kunge rakadzika midzi uye rine ukama hwakananga nevakuru. Alexandrovich - a surname iyo isingatauri zvekuti ndeyemhuri yakanaka, asiwo zita rebaba veimba - Alexander, zita rechiito rinoreva makore zana nemakumi mashanu.

Mazita akadaro anowanikwa nhaka, zvakadai seBurak kana Nose, ane mizamu mizhinji. Mamwe mazita emamwe mazita akanga asina kuiswa pasi pakufananidzwa uye kuwedzera kwemagumo akatorwa panguva ino.

Iro simba reRussia

Mazita echiRussia, kazhinji akapedzisira--ov, akatanga kuvharwa nevaBelarusian nekuda kwevaRussia vanopinda kunyika dzokumabvazuva kweBelarus. Chimiro chekupedzisira kuMoscow chakawedzerwa kune zvinyorwa zvemashoko. Saka pane Ivanov, Kozlov, Novikov. Uyezve kuguma kwe -o kwakawedzerwa, izvo zvinowanzoitika kune veUkraine kupfuura veRussia. Somuenzaniso, zita rakanaka Goncharenok rakashandurwa rikava Goncharenko. Mamiriro ekushandurwa kwakadaro muzita rekuberekwa inoratidzika chete kune zvikamu izvo simba reRussia - kumabvazuva kwenyika rakaonekwa.

Mazita ekufarira uye akanaka eBelarus

Kubvira pakadzika kwemazana emakore kwakauya mazita anonakidza uye asingakanganwiki evaBelarusian, avo vakanga vasina kuchinja kuchinja uye kufanana. Kubva kwavo kunokonzerwa nekufungidzira kwakapfuma kwevarimi. Kazhinji vanhu vakadana mhuri yavo mukukudza mamiriro ekunze, zvikara, zvipembenene, mwedzi yegore uye maitiro evanhu. Munhu wose aiziva zita rokuti Moroz chaizvo. Kune izvi zvinosanganisira Nose, Wind Turbine, Mart kana Beetle. Izvi ndizvo zvinowanzoitwa mazita eBelarusian, asi hazvisi nyore.

Mazita evanhu

Zvinofadza kuti jenasi mumarudzi eBelarusian yakasarudzwa, iyo nheyo dzaiva mazita emurume. Nezita remhuri zvaive zvichibvira kunzwisisa kuti ndiani ndiye baba uye ndiani ari mwanakomana. Kana iri mwanakomana, zita rake rakawedzerwa kumagumo -on / -ik / -char / -uk / -yuk. Mune mamwe mazwi, somuenzaniso, mazita okuti "ik" anoratidza kuti munhu ndiye mwanakomana wemhuri yakanaka. Izvi zvinosanganisira Mironchik, Ivanchik, Vasilyuk, Alexyuk. Nokudaro zvakaratidzwa zvinyorwa zvevarume chete, vachitaura nezvekugara kune imwe mhuri.

Kana mhuri yakajeka yaida kusarudza mwana semwanakomana wababa vake, ipapo kuguma-yen kwakashandiswa. Somuenzaniso, Vaselenia mwanakomana waVasil. Mazita okuzivikanwa eesymology aya anobva kumashure ezana remakore rechi18 ne19. Vakatanga kuonekwa zvishoma pashure peRwandavich, Smolenich kana Tashkevich, anozivikanwa kubva kumazana e14 ne15.

Mazita anowanikwa mazita akawanda

Mazita okuBelarusian akasiyana nehuwandu hwemashoma pamwe nekuguma kwe "vich", "ich", "ichi" uye "ovich". Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mazera ekare uye pakutanga maBrazil, izvo zvinoreva mazita emadzinza.

• Smolich - Smolichi - Smolovich.
• Yashkevich - Yashkevichi - Yashkovich.
• Zhdanovich - Zhdanovichi.
• Stojanovic - Stojanovici.
• Zita Petrovich - Petrovichi.

Uyu ndiwo muenzaniso wezita rinozivikanwa zvikuru revaBerrusian, avo vanobva mumakore ekutanga kwezana remakore rechi15. Kubatana kwavo kwakaitika kare muzana remakore rechi18. Kuzivikanwa kwepamutemo kwemazita aya kunosvika kumagumo ezana remakore rechi19.

Mamwe mazita emazita ekududzirwa uye kupararira anoreva mazita ekupedzisira "ik", "chik", "uk", "yuk", "enok". Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Artiamenok (kwose kwose).
• Yazepchik (kwose kwose).
• Mironchik (kwose kwose).
• Mikhalyuk (kumadokero kweBelrusrus).

Aya mazita anowanzoratidza kuti munhu ndeyemhuri yakanaka kana yakanaka.

Mazita echiRussia uye asina kujairika

Chetatu chemazita emamwe mazita anowanzofananidzira kuguma kwe "s", "o". Kune chikamu chikuru, ivo vari munzvimbo yekumabvazuva yenyika. Izvo zvakafanana zvikuru nemazita eRussia, asi dzinowanzova nemidzi yeBelarusian uye nheyo. Somuenzaniso, Panov, Kozlov, Popov - inogona kuva vose veBelarusian neRussia.

Mazita e "mukati" anorevawo chikamu chekumabvazuva kwenyika uye ane chirevo cheRussia. VaMuslim vaitanidzirwa kuti "muna" kune zvayita. Saka Khabibul akava Khabibulin. Iyi chikamu chenyika yakanyatsosimbiswa pasi pesimba reRussia.

Izvo zvisati zvisiri izvo mazita anobva mumazita emisha, masango, mhuka, mazororo, mbeu, mwedzi yegore. Izvi zvinosanganisira mazita akaisvonaka uye anofadza soku:

• Ndakaenda kushambira;
• Kalyada;
• Tit;
• Beetle;
• Dambo;
• March;
• Peari.

Ivawo nehuwandu hwekuparadzanisa mazita, kutsanangura chinonyanya kukosha kweunhu uye nemhuri yake yose. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vane usimbe vachanzi Lianutska, vakapararira uye vakakanganwa - Zabudzka.

Izvo zviripo zvisiri izvo uye kusanzwisisana

Mazita echiBelarusian, runyora rwezvakasiyana uye rakapfuma, inowanzovhiringidzwa nevaJudha, Lithuanian uye kunyange Latvia. Vakawanda vanovimba kuti, somuenzaniso, zita reAbramovich rakangova rechiJudha. Asi izvi hazvisi chokwadi zvachose. Panguva yekuumbwa kweanthroponyms munyika dzeBelarusian, vanhu vanotakura mazita Abhurama kana Hazan vakawedzerwa kuguma -ovich kana -kunze. Saka Abramovich naKhazanovichi vakabuda. Kazhinji midzi yemazita yaiva German kana yechiJudha. Kubatana kwakaitika mumavambo ekutanga kwema14 ne15 uye ndokuva hwaro hwemhuri yemuBelarus.

Imwe pfungwa isina kururama ndeyekuti mazita ezvinyorwa izvi anobva kuLithuania kana kuPoland midzi. Kana iwe uchienzanisa zvirevo zveLatvia, Poland neBelarus, iwe haugoni kuwana kufanana pakati pavo. Iko hakuna Senkevichs kana Zhdanovichs muLatvia, kana muPoland. Aya mazita ane mazita echiBelarusian. Izwi rechiLithuania guru nedzimwe sangano rinoreva pasina mubvunzo kuumbwa kwemazita emagetsi, asi haana kuisa mazita avo, mazita ekutanga. Inogonawo kutaurwa kuti akawanda emazita evanhu veByelorussia akafanana chaizvo neaya maJudha.

Kubva kwemazita munyika yeBelarusian yakaumbwa kwemazana emakore akawanda. Icho chaive chiitiko chinonakidza uye chinonakidza chetsika. Iye zvino mazita anowanzo ave mufananidzo wepfuma yakawanda uye yakasiyana-siyana yeBelarus. Chirevo chechimiro chevanhu vemunyika, simba rekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa kwemaPoles, Lithuanians, Tatars, vaJudha neRussia, zvinogona kunyatsoonekwa nemazita evanhu. Kupedzisira uye kugadziriswa kwemazita avo mumunda weBelarus kwakaitika pakati pezana remakore rechi19 chete.