Chikumbaridzo cheTatischev neGennin, Ekaterinburg: nhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare

PaIset River, guta rakavakwa kwenguva refu, rakakura rikava guta guru rinonzi Ekaterinburg (raimbova Sverdlovsk, kubva muna1924 kusvika muna 1991), iro rakakodzera zita reguta guru reUrials. Nhasi nhamba yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu vanenge mamiriyoni nehafu. Mukukudzwa kwekushandurwa muhupenyu hwetsika uye zvematongerwe enyika yeUals, iyo yakatungamirira pakusika kweguta, chivakwa chakavakirwa kuTatischev neGennin.

Ekaterinburg

Guta rine pfuma yakawanda yezvakaitika kare, yakadzika munguva dzaPetro. Izvo zvose zvakatanga nekuvakwa kwemiti yemasallurgical yekusveta kwesimbi nesimbi muna 1723. Mutevedzeri mukuru aiva nyika inonzi inozivikanwa, economist uye geographer-historian Tatishchev Vasily Nikitich. Paivawo nevanopikisana nebasa iri, iro iro zita reRussia muzvinabhizimisi Demidov Nikita anonzi, akatsiva nhanho yaTatishchev, uyo akazobviswa kubva pamatambudziko ose. Panguva iyoyo zvisingatarisirwi Tatishchev aitsigirwa nemuongorori wechiGermany Georg Wilhelm de Gennin, uyo akapfuurira basa rake.

Mushure mechinguva chimiro chakavakwa uye chikaiswa mukushanda. Nokuda kwekuti yakafanana nekuonekwa kwayo nhare yakasimba, gare gare guta racho rakanzi zita raCatherine.

Iyo chivakwa kuna Tatishchev naDe Gennin (Yekaterinburg) yakagadzwa muguta musi waAugust 14, 1998. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yebasa, iyo iyo chikumbaridzo ichimire, yakashandura zita rayo, iyo yaiva yeKathedral, ipapo Chechi uye kunyange Catherine. Kuvhura kwechivigiro kwakagadziriswa kuti ienderane nemakore makumi maviri nemakumi mashanu ekuvambwa kwenheyo yeguta.

Iyo chivakwa kuna Tatishchev naDe Gennin (Yekaterinburg) yakagadziriswa yendarira, iyo yakagara yakagadzirwa pachigadziko chainzi Ural, chinonzi Uralmash. Munyori waro akakumbidzwa Artist of the RSFSR uye mufananidzo weP. P. Chusovitin. Chinhu chinonyanya kufadza ndechokuti iye pachake akaberekerwa munzvimbo yeSverdlovsk munzvimbo yeBeloyarsk mumusha weShiplevo.

Chikumbaridzo cheTatischev naGennin: tsanangudzo

Ichi chiyeuchidzo chiri pakati pezvinonyanya kuzivikanwa mumuguta weUral, zvakanyatsobatanidzwa mumasvingo eguta racho. Icho chiyeuchidzo che monolithic, chakakonzerwa kubva kune zvimedu zvakasiyana-siyana. Pamusoro pechitubu chairo chinoratidzwa kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi kubva Gennin muhombodo yakagadzirirwa uye Tatishchev mune wig.

Vamwe vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanotaura kuti vanhu ava vaviri havana kufanana. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kudzivisa kuzviratidzira pamwe chete, nokuti vakaita chimwe chinhu chakajairika uye mabasa avo akawana mhinduro mumoyo yevanhu vemo uye kwete chete. Nhasi, Square of Labor uye guta iro pacharo harigoni kufungidzirwa pasina chinyorwa ichi.

Tatischev

Mhuri yeTatischev yakadzika mujeri Ryurikov. Tatishchev akaberekwa musi waApril 19, 1686 mudunhu reP Pskov uye ava nemakore manomwe akanga atova cadet pasi peIvan V (Romanov). Akabva ashumira muAzov dragoon regiment, akaita mabasa edzimumiro aPeter I, akapinda muNorthern War, muhondo pedyo nePoltava uye muPrut campaign. Zvadaro akaenderera mberi nedzidzo muChikoro cheUnijini neArtillery kuMoscow, akashumira muPetersburg uye akagamuchira ruzivo rwake muGermany. Akava wekutanga kunyora bhuku reRussia repositi. Akabva asarudzwa kuti aite mabasa ekugadzira migodhi muUrals, paakazviratidza semudzidzisi wepamusoro. Nenzira yakawanda, Tatishchev, kuwedzera kuYekaterinburg, akava baba vemaguta akadai seOrenburg, Stavropol, Orsk, Chelyabinsk, Perm.

Nezvose zvaakakosha uye nemubairo, haana kupukunyuka muzinda weimba yamambo, uye akatumirwa kuhupenyu kune imwe mhuri yemhuri muBoldino. Rufu rwaakafanoona uye akatomira kuti adzore guva rake mberi. Zuva risati rafa, mutumwa wakabva kuSt. Petersburg ane chirevo kubva kumudzimai pamusoro pekuregererwa kwake uye chipo chekupa Mutemo weAlexander Nevsky, asi Tatishchev akadzorera urongwa, zvichiratidza kuti akanga achifa. Zuva rakatevera akashevedza muprista kwaari, akatora mutambo ndokufa. Izvi zvakaitika musi waJuly 15, 1750, muviri wake wakavigwa mumakuva eKrisimasi.

De Gennin

Akaberekwa Georg Wilhelm de Gennin Gumiguru 11, 1665, ingave muBasi Saxony, kana muSiegen. MuRussia, akawira pachikumbiro chaGener F. F. Lefort uye akapindira muNorthern War mumauto ezvombo semuchina-simba. Akanga ari muongorori wemauto weRussia weGermany (mune dzimwe nzvimbo-dzeDutch kubva pakutanga), lieutenant-general, shamwari yaPeter I.

Muna 1719 akafamba rwendo rwekune imwe nyika, kwaakagamuchira ruzivo rwakakosha mukuongorora uye kudzidza magomo emakomo. Uye akaunza masters 16 kubva ikoko kuenda kuRussia kuti atange kushandiswa kwemichina.

Muna 1723, pamusana pemirayiridzo yake yekutungamirira, De Gennin akagamuchira mvumo yekuvaka simiti inonzi yainzi Catherine I. Kuvakwa kwaisanganisira mauto euto uye mauto, varimi vevagari vehurumende nevashandi vanobva kune volosts nemapurovhinzi akapoteredza.

Miti yacho yakatanga muhafu yepiri yaNovember 1723. Kwemakore 12 ebasa rake munharaunda iyi, mukuru akavaka mapurisa mapfumbamwe, kusanganisira Yoshihinsky, akazova guta-kuumba Perm.

Kubvira muna 1734, aigara muSt. Petersburg, akadzivirira zvigadzirwa zvemaoko, iye oga aive nekodzero yekuzivisa nyaya dzeMakadzi Anna Ioannovna pachake. Akanga ari kuita basa rokuvakazve zvombo zvezvombo muSestroretsk uye Tula. Akafa musi waApril 12, 1750.

Aya ndiwo matanho akasiyana neebaba ava vakateya. Icho chivako cheTatichev neGennin (Ekaterinburg) chave chichimbove chiri chikokwe chikuru cheguta, apo vashanyi varo vose nevatambi vanoenda kutanga.