Imhandoi hove kudya? Dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya nyanza hove. gungwa dzinodya dzimwe hove

Hove - iri superclass pamusoro hwemvura vertebrates. Vari kuzivikanwa Gill kufema. Ndivo mune zvose yakachena uye munyu mvura; muna hova gomo, uye pakadzika munyanza nembiya. zvisikwa izvi basa rinokosha mune dzakawanda hwemvura zvinhu zvipenyu uye vane kukuru mune zvoupfumi kukosha kuvanhu. Ndizvo tsanangudzo pfupi pamusoro pavo. Sezvaungave wafungidzira, munyaya ino tichakurukura hove, kunyanya dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya vagere pasi pemvura umambo. Tichatevera kukuudza pamusoro kupfuura akakurumbira uye mavara chikara: kudzidza, zvavari kudya, uye sei hove kudya.

A zvishoma wenhetembo ...

Kazhinji, uri wakanaka kuine zuva mvura pamusoro payo chinotiyeuchidza hombe girazi. Mumwe chete anofanira kutarisa ichi "girazi" sezvo zvino zvichava kuoneka makore kukukurwa mhiri denga uye miti, Achikotamazve muviri mvura. Panguva ino, zvingaita sokuti dura chinhu uye akafa, asi hazvina kudaro! Kutaura zvazviri, pasi rino girazi-zvakadai pamusoro nokutsiva rizere upenyu! Dzimwe nguva pane kunyange vesa zvakakomba chido. Mumwe mukuru vatambi mu "mutambo" uyu pasi pemvura vari hove. Kamwe uye haugoni kuudza kuti hove dzemarudzi anodya, asi zvinoitika ipapo nenguva!

Ndivanaani hove?

tsanangudzo pfupi nesayenzi mhuka idzi, tiri pamberi penyu pamusoro. Zviri nyore, hove inowanzodeedzwa vertebrates zvose kuti vagere inonaka uye munyu nemvura inonyuka. Anenge zvose hove kunge aiwanzopiwa wokushanda nemakumbo akauya zvimbi, uye avo kufema hurongwa - ndiyo gills. Mukuona zoological kupatsanura, hove - vakawanda zita kunosanganisira 6 vakaparadzana makirasi (mapoka) izvo zvakasiyana zvinoratidza siyana, mumwe panotaura hove dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya kuva vanhu kana rugare. Munyaya ino, tiri kufarira nezvikara. Ngationei kuti hove mhando kudya.

knot munhuwo

Ichi randinenge ugere Freshwater munyika yedu. Munhuwo knot ndohwaJehovha kirasi kupfuura vakawanda nehove zvikuru - kusvikira ranzi-finned. muviri wake laterally compressed kuti ane denderedzwa chimiro uye ine zvikamu zvitatu: musoro, hunde, muswe. Knot, uyewo dzimwe hove dzose, anofema kuburikidza gills, saka zvinokosha okisijeni. Iye ndiye chete tisina saka akafanana nesu; hove dzokubvisa okisijeni kubva mhepo haachipo, uye akabuda mumvura. Kuti aite izvi, hove anomanikidzwa muromo nenyenganyenga mhepo, kudzinga nawo dakashwa mhango, riri pasi Gill rinofukidza.

Chii anodya munhuwo knot?

Munhuwo knot - a dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya mudziva hove. Unowanikwa munzizi, nyanza, madziva, reservoirs mu Europe uye North Asia. Knot akanga chakaunzwa Africa, New Zealand uye Australia. Zvokudya hove idzi kuti mamwe Freshwater hove. Pakutanga knot furaya Tidzidze zooplankton, uye achangopera zvavanokura, tanga kunovhima nevamwe vechiduku knot uye kabhu. Fry nevamwe voukama, hove idzi vanotanga zvokudya, kazhinji mugore hwake wechipiri. With zera, zvakajairika knot anopfuurira kuvhimwa hove huru uye zvakawanda famba.

Sezvo kuvhima perches?

The vakura zvikuru zvatinogadzira hazvigoni kunyatsotevedzera zvinoita uye simba chikara. Ivo mungashambira nokukurumidza, dzimwe nguva chose kurega, asi zvino pakarepo kumhanyira mberi. hove idzi vane muromo hombe, riri pamberi kuguma musoro. Mumuromo, kunyange vasina ziso anogona kuonekwa rushaya rakazara nameno vakawanda Zvisinei, vashoma. Kana perches vanotanga kuvhima kwavo, zvino mumwe haisi dambudziko chaizvo hombe!

Dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya nyanza hove vanogona kudzinga zvavo refu uye zvakaoma. Knot nenhokwe anomutevera, akazarura muromo wake akakura uye achitaura kuti "Champ" imwe mhando. Varedzi vanoti nevanopikisana vawirwa kazhinji akasvetuka kubva mumvura, asi kuti ichiri asingadi kubatsira: bass anowana zvaanoda. Dzimwe nguva zvikara izvi, zvakare kungokangaidzwa pakutsvaka chayabata, popping shure kwake nezano, uye dzimwe nguva pamusoro pejecha ... Kazhinji, perches - muri zvikara vaMwari: izvi voracious Zvisikwa usarasikirwe chero chisikwa chipenyu vanokwanisa zvakafanira muna muromo wavo .

Pike zvakafanana

Pike - hove dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya vaigara mvura yakachena kuNorth America uye nomunyika Eurasia. Kazhinji, unogona kuwanikwa mumhenderekedzo yegungwa mapazi, mune hwemvura mugwenzi mu oblong chimiro kana zvachose mira mvura. Kubva panguva iyi maonero, Pike - rwizi chikara. Asi kazhinji zvaitika uye freshened zvikamu mumakungwa siyana. Somuenzaniso, unogona kuwana Pike muna Riga, Finland, uye ari Curonian the lagoon, Gungwa reBaltic, uyewo muna Taganrog Bay eGungwa Azov. Saka kubva nemaonero, kuti Pike - a dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya gungwa hove.

The Pike anodyisa?

Zvokudya Its chikuru inobva vamiririri siyana kwemarudzi hove. Somuenzaniso, vanofara kuti kurwisa:

• perches;
• ruffs;
• minnows;
• bream;
• minnows;
• bream;
• kwaIsakari;
• nzombe-Cottidae.

Kupindura mubvunzo pamusoro chii hove dzemarudzi anodya, imwe wehove farira vanoti, kuti anouya mupfungwa ndiye Pike, kuti nomufaro akadya roach. Chikonzero zvakajeka: ndechokuti Pike - ndibatsireiwo chiratidzo zvose rwizi zvikara munyika yedu, uye furaya diki - yake kupfuura kufarira chikafu.

Ichthyologists vanorondedzera zviitiko apo hove idzi dzakatorwa uye akakwevera kubuda naye ndokukusuka nemvura mbeva, makonzo, duck diki, shorebirds, uye kunyange mapuroteni! mhuka dzose idzi akananga mumvura yakachena pavanenge yomwaka akatama. specimens Large anogona kazhinji wokurwisa duck mukuru, kunyanya munguva moult yavo. In chitubu uye mangwanani zhizha mwaka Pike nyore Tidzidze crayfish uye matatya. Nenzira, munhu anogona kazhinji kuva Pike hove, anenge kaviri chitsama chikara chacho saizi!

hove kupfuura ngozi uye dzinodya dzimwe munyika - chena shaki

hove dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya, akadana munhu-inodya, karharodonom kana rehove huru chena - ndiwo akaipisisa uye rimwe remasangano hove panyika. Paavhareji, chinorura izvi vachikura 4,7 metres urefu, asi vamwe vanhu ichthyologists, richisvika 7 metres urefu uye achirema kusvika 1,900 makirogiramu kunge akanyorwa. Sharks vasina mapfupa marangwanda yavo ine zvachose kuti shwashwa. The ganda vazhinji vavo akafukidza nechisvo-unopinza, yakatesvera panyanga dzacho. Zvinofadza kuti vagari zvimwe zvitsuwa kushandisa rehove ganda somunhu hasha zvinhu.

Inogarwa Sharks chena?

In kuparadzirwa iri rakakura! chinorura izvi gara akazaruka makungwa vazviparadzanise nevamwe uye yegungwa pamusoro Continental pasherefu uye ane tembiricha rinosvika 13-25 Celsius. Asi pane Sharks vanosarudza kushambira achitsva mumvura. Nharaunda chikuru kuunganidza izvi zvegungwa - mumhenderekedzo dzegungwa mvura Baja California (Mexico), California (USA), New Zealand, Australia, South Africa uye Gungwa reMediterranean. hove ichi vanotyisa zvinogona kuwanikwa (asi zviri nani kuti varege kusangana!) Uye US East Coast, nemhenderekedzo chitsuwa Cuba, Argentina, Brazil, etc. It anogara Dzvuku (Indian Ocean), Seychelles, Mauritius uye mvura etc.

Chii anodya chena shaki?

White Sharks - hove dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya (yaifananidzira pazasi), unopedza zvose munzira kwayo. "Bere pasi - zviri shark mugungwa" - saka kutaura mugungwa. Uye hazvishamisi! Izvi ngozi chikara mapute kuvavarira ngarava kutarisira chii mvura kuwa murume kana dzimwe mhuka. Asi somunhu mutemo, ichi zvikasaitika, Sharks saka chena (uye rehove zvachose) nomufaro mukuru kuparadza zvose unhu vanhu kurasa haisi urn, uye ruramisirai kubva zvikepe mumakungwa uye nyanza:

• magaba;
• hombodo;
• chinhu hombodo;
• kuraswa tableware;
• zvimwe zvinhu.

Kana mhuka zvokudya, izvi kuvhima hove kunyanya masikati uye chikafu mhuka dzakadai:

• ramps;
• Tuna;
• dzimwe Sharks;
• Dolphins;
• Guinea nguruve;
• hove huru;
• seal;
• gungwa veshumba ;
• seal;
• gungwa otters ;
• gungwa nenjiva;
• shiri.

White Sharks ndivo scavengers uye havana kuda yokunzvenga chitunha munhu akafa whale. Sezvineiwo, yokuvhimwa zvidobi nezvikara kunotsamira imwe kugadzirwa. Somuenzaniso, Force Island vari rakakura aimhanya kurwisa Cape fur seal, uye nemhenderekedzo California kuvakanganise kuchamhembe nzou seal. Common chisimbiso izvi zvomumvura chikara tora zvakananga kubva mvura pamusoro, vachikweva navo mukudzika kwegungwa.