Reserve "Big Kokshaga" - nyika renje

Huge girini uye yakanyarara nzvimbo kuchengeterwa iripo uye zvakazarurirwa yose chipenyu nyika, kuidzivirira noushamwari hwavo uye mutsa.

World yakachengeterwa zvakasikwa - kuchengeterwa "Big Kokshaga"

Top nzvimbo "Big Kokshaga" sokunge isingaperi mutema makapeti, vaisona convolutions nzizi (sezvo yebhuruu yakachena shinda), yaiteverwa pamwe ikapenya madhamu. Pano gobvu huru masango yaiteverwa pamwe anezvimiti uye Mafuro.

Crown Curly mupaini miti inotsiviwa nemipaini yerima mitema miti uye munyoro mutete birches. Pane izvi pamucheto uye vamwe zita rakanaka - Forestry Zavolzhe.

History zvakasikwa, nenzvimbo zvinhu

Muna 1993, panguva p. Volga River (kuruboshwe rechibharo) akasikwa neHurumende avakaitwa kuchengeterwa "Big Kokshaga" nyika nharaunda 21.4 hectares Riri 40 makiromita kumadokero guru Mari El (Yoshkar-Ola) muna Kilemarsky uye Medvedev nharaunda. Pamberi kuti, Mari El Mari aiva chengetedza. Zvisinei, zvinonzi kupiswa chose muna 1972 mu kuchipisa yechirimo.
Chinangwa chikuru rakasikwa munhu akadzivirirwa mapazi - kudzivirirwa masango pamuganhu pakati kumaodzanyemba taiga uye masango Deciduous.

Nharaunda aimiririra mapani (rwizi uye glaciolacustrine). The yakakwirira panyika - 132,2 M pamusoro pegungwa.

In zvachose pane rwizi Big Kokshaga iri munzizi anenge 20 uye hova.
Kuchengetedza nharaunda iri 3 madziva - Kosheer, Kapsino uye Shusher. Ekupedzisira - chikuru. Chimiro, chinhu denderedzwa girazi uye kureba 1250 m, noupamhi mamita 600. Dziva iri kwazvo (15 m), karst mavambo. Vakazadzwa rwizi mvura panguva chitubu nenzizi.

The kwemamiriro okunze mwero Continental, pamwe zvakarurama inopisa yechirimo uye vakadzikama dzechando pamwechete simba frosts.

Most Kokshaga rwizi, dondo

Most Kokshaga - chikuru rwizi munyika, iyo iri kuruboshwe mutero erwizi. Volga. It ayambuka miganhu Reserve kupfuura nechepakati chikamu.

Rwizi, iyo vakagamuchira zita uye hunhu kuchengeterwa, zviri zvayo chikuru mvura tsinga.
On a zvinoshamisa neemaradhi ruvara kumashure mvura pamusoro Mahombekombe ayo parinobuda mi- pemiouki - runako uye kuzvikudza chengetedza.

Unique floodplain pamuouki masango ari inogona kuenderera munharaunda. Pano pane vatana, unogona kuudza yemiouki vekare, uye majaya matavi.

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" rinoumbwa achinyanya masango, achitora nzvimbo aro akakura - 95% mundima. The koshesa vanoondoroka masango, izvo kukura muropa mumamiriro ezvinhu dzezvakatipoteredza siyana. Chechipiri pakukura vari Birch. Vakanga kamwe akaoneka mumunda akagerwa kana kupiswa moto mumasango, kuti, vari yechipiri.

Izvi chimiro taiga nzvimbo idzi kupa spruce, achitora 7.5% kubva kuchengeterwa uye kuva yakawanda tsvina miti hardwood (Aspen, Birch, Linden).

Anonyanyowanika riri mumipata enzizi kuchamhembe chikamu chengetedza.

Kusiyana kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" rine zvayo mumasango, Mafuro uye marshes anopfuura 700 ezvinhu zvinomera, anomirira inenge hafu nhamba inowanikwa muna Republic of Mari El.

The wakapamhama akajairika nebani doro akafukidzwa Birch uye alder. On nzvimbo diki pamusoro floodplain Mafuro iri.

Pine dondo rakazara mosses uye lichens. Pane inowanikwawo anenge 200 marudzi akasiyana-siyana algae, lichens pamusoro mhando 250. The rarest - Tsetrariya Laurer, Lobar pulmonary uye usnea Blooming.

Asi kune vakawanda zvakafanana notumwe vakakomba kuchengeterwa, uye mundima akavawana zvikuru zvisingawanzoitiki mhando: Osinovik chena, Hericium staghorn uye nevamwe.

Yemanyorero dondo kuchengeterwa fauna of chinomirirwa anotevera Mabasa: dzakawanda Elk, tsuro, mapurotini, musk. Vanorarama pano uye carnivores: the marten, polecat, ermine, dzimwe nguva mashava bheya uye mhumhi.

Shiri dzinoturwa Grouse, Grouse, ndachena Cranes, herons, Owl, hawks nevamwe vazhinji. . Nezvimwewo Vanorarama pano uye neshiri Red Book: Rukodzi runonzi norukodzi, dema neshuramurove, nekondo, nyoka chapungu.

Very yakapfuma anoshamisa zvipo zvakasikwa chengetedza. "Kokshaga Most" kunodzivirira uye anochengeta dzinogarisana chinonyanya pangozi marudzi zvinomera. It epipogium nayo isina mashizha, Dactylorhiza reBaltic uye vanopfuura 11 mhando orkideat rwekuchamhembe zvinoshamisa akanaka. Yakakurumbira maonero ari Republic - yakanaka mudzimai wacho patapata. Sezvo kumera mbeu ichi chinoshamisa chirimwa pamberi maruva kunoitika kusvika makore 17!

Rare zvirimwa zvekare

Cloudberry rinokura squat munyika chete iri chengetedza. chirimwa ichi chinokura kubva chando zera. Zvinozivikanwa kuti chinhu kufarira bheri guru nyanduri Russian Alexander Pushkin.

Chimwe mumiririri zvinomera ekare Chilim ari zvinoyangarara (kana Water Chestnut), izvo anogara noushamwari Shusher dziva.

"Most Kokshaga" - wemanzwiro chengetedza. It akachengetedzwa specimens yekare zvinomera.

The kupfuura isingawanzowanikwi mhando Reserve (Woody) - yemishambangwena (kana Populus nigra), inowanika floodplain rwizi Big Kokshaga. Pane zvimwe zvakawanda yemiti dzakanyorwa muna Red Book: sceptridium multifidum, parukato, Lycopodium-Baranez, Sundew dlinnolistaya (chirimwa-chikara) uye Dianthus Superbus.

The kuchengeterwa kunokosha nokuti hunhu munzvimbo anovandudza mitemo yayo, pasina kupindira kwevanhu. Uyezve, ukoshi ichi kunowedzera zera.

Muchionga reserves pashure imwe nguva, apo dondo yekare uchatemwa pasi substantially, zvichaita kukwanisa enzanisa uye kuongorora kuti vanhu uye budiriro kukanganiswa zvinoshamisa pristine hunhu, uye chii kunogona kunge pasina simba pamusoro payo.