Hondo Main muhondo 1812: zvabuda, tafura

hondo Main hondo 1812 akasarudza mukukunda mauto eRussia pamusoro muvengi. Mushandirapamwe nemauto Russian iri pakutsvaga Danho rokutanga nzira-Chief Barclay of Tolly, uye wechipiri Danho - zano Kutuzova kuti kuchitsausa muvengi kunyika kuti kuderedze mauto ake. Pakutanga mauto Napoleon zvakabatsira kuti ubudirire: muna June gore pasi pakudzokorora mauto ake pakarepo akatanga kupinda Russian munyika. Zvisinei, hondo huru yokutanga kwakaratidza Tichitarisa zvinogona weuto National, iyo, kunyange pakutanga akadzokera, asi akakwanisa zvikuru zinyekenyeke muvengi.

Hondo Smolensk

Ndandanda "hondo huru pakati Patriotic Hondo 1812" vanofanira kutanga yokutanga zvakakomba kudhumhana vavengi panguva ino guta rekare uye sokuronga kukosha. August 4 wokutanga Corps French akauya masvingo uye akaedza kuenda navo kurwisa, asi nokukurumidza ichidzokera pamwe zvikuru kurasikirwa. Masikati rakasvika chikuru ehondo French uye akatanga kutokonora nhare, izvo, zvisinei, haana zvakare aremara.

Pakazopera zuva iro guta akauya mamwe mauto. Mukuru wamauto akanga akatsunga vanonetesa muvengi muhondo uye usamurega kubviswa kubva Moscow mugwagwa. Pazuva rokurwa wokutanga Russian yakawana kukunda, asi pazuva rechiFrench rechipiri yakatanga hombe bombardment masvingo, uye guta nomoto. Muvengi akatora sabhabha. In ezvinhu aya, Barclay of Tolly akapa kuti mumusiye, kuti aponese muchiuto. Saka, hondo huru pakati Patriotic Hondo 1812 akatanga kudzivirira Smolensk. Society uye zviremera vasingafari kushaya wamapoka Russian. Pashure muhondo iyi, Kesari Alexander I vakagadza mutungamiri Kutuzov, wakange akakurumbira chaizvo muchiuto.

Kutanga hondo Borodino

Rakanga hondo wakakurumbira zvikuru muhondo pakati Russia uye Napoleon. Zvino musi August 26 mumusha, yaiva 125 km kubva Moscow. Hondo rwakatora maawa 12 kubva kunosiyana madhigirii kubudirira, uye saka vaiona mumwe kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda munhau.

Kudzidza nyaya "Kurwa chikuru pamusoro Patriotic Hondo 1812" pachikoro anofanira kunyanya zvaishamisira pamusoro chiitiko ichi, sezvo akasarudza yemberi nzira yokurwisana. Huru akarova akawira kuruboshwe French uye pakati. Vakakwanisa kubvuta musha, asi vakanga vasingagoni kupaza mupomerwi pakupedzisira pano.

Battle nokuti flushes

The simba yakakuwandira wechipiri akauya Bagration raMwari earthworks. Apo vokutanga kurwisa French kubva huru nezvinhu dzakamanikidzwa shure kwechinguvana. Pashure pokugamuchira vavabatsire vakatanga hombe kutokonora. The huru akarova vakafunga bhatiri Rajewski. Russian akatora nhamba kurwiswa, uye panguva imwe yadzo chete kwaisava pachake Ugare Marshal Murat. Nokuti flushes waiva anotyisa kutamburira, vari kuramba vakapfuura paruoko kuisa. Patriotic Hondo 1812 gore, zvikuru hondo ndiyo nyaya muongororo iyi vakaratidza dzakadururwa ushingi uye heroism nemasoja Russian. Panguva Kurwisa rechisere ari kupenya akarova imwe pedyo kurwisana. Pasinei nokuti French mauto akanga ine atirari uye pfuti, kunakisa akaswedera kurutivi Russian. Njodzi nyaya haabvumirwi kuvaka kubudirira kuti. Pakati pakurwa akakuvadzwa shrapnel tsanga Bagration, uyo akatungamirira yemabhuku-kurwisa. Akanga atapwa kumunda, nhau rakakurumidza kupararira pakati pemauto Russian, uye kuti mwoyo yavo, pashure vakatanga shure. Pashure paizvozvo, mukuru akapa kuti kusiya Konovnitsyn flushes.

Murwire Barrow

Zvikuru nokuti kunzwisisa zvinokonzera kukunda kweuto Russian kudzidza sei kukudziridza mikuru hondo Hondo Yenyika II muna 1812. Muchidimbu kutaura pamusoro huru zviitiko, zvinokosha kutsanangura hondo Borodino. Abva kubva chomumba kuhondo kunotyisa zvinopindura kuti Utitsky murwi. Munzvimbo iyi, Kutuzov akaronga vakavandira hondo, waiva kurwisa muvengi neshure panguva tsamwisa kwayo pamusoro achisimbisa Bagration. Zvisinei, urongwa kugona chinozoiswa. Zvisinei, pashure dzakawanda kurwisa Russian uchiri nomurwi, asi mukuru wehondo Tuchkov akaurayiwa.

The mberi nzira kurwa uye mugumisiro

hondo Major Hondo Yenyika II muna 1812, migumisiro iyo pakupedzisira vaipa kubudirira weuto Russian, zvinofanira kudzidzwa kunyanya akadzama. Munguva Hondo Borodino kukosha reDare Cossack bvuta Uvarov uye Platov shure muvengi mitsetse. Iyi nomubati chaizvo rinoshamisa, izvo wononoka yeFrance kurwisa kwemaawa anenge maviri.

Zvikurukuru hondo dzinotyisa zvinopindura kuti bhatiri Rajewski. Pasinei inorema moto uye shingirira kurwisa, musimboti rave kuramba maonero ayo, uye Napoleon akamanikidzwa mubve mamwe kurwisa. In Western historiography akasimbisa pfungwa kuti French vakakunda Hondo Borodino, kunyange zvazvo izvi vanoti unogamuchirika ndishushikane. Mazuva epamba nesayenzi vaifunga kuti kurwa kwakaguma ari SWEDERA, sezvo hapana mapato haana kusvika chinangwa.

Hondo Maloyaroslavets uye Berezina

Unyanzvi hondo Russian kwakaratidza mikuru hondo Hondo Yenyika II muna 1812. Table inokosha kurwa anotaurwa pakudzokorora uku, kurongwa maererano nenguva. October 12 Maloyaroslavets akatora hondo itsva kuti vakaratidza kuda kweuto Russian kune hondo yairwirwa.

Kakawanda guta duku -bereka kuti muvengi, asi pakupedzisira, Napoleon akasarudza mumusiye, sezvo iye akapotsa akabatwa.

Kukosha rinoshamisa iri Kutuzov hazvigoni dzakanaka: hazvina kubvumira muvengi kumaodzanyemba kudunhu, kumumanikidza kuti shure munzira akaparadza Smolensk mugwagwa. Wokupedzisira guru kurwisana kwakaitika mukupera November, apo Napoleon akamanikidzwa kurova zvechimbichimbi shure kubva nyika mhiri korwizi.

Panguva shure uku French akatambudzika hombe nezvinhu, asi Kesari akakwanisa kuramba kurwisana-vakagadzirira chikamu nehondo yake.

nguva

On makirasi maviri, zviri chinodiwa kuongorora dingindira "hondo Main pamusoro Patriotic Hondo 1812". Muchidimbu (The tafura pazasi rinotaura dzimwe hondo vakanga vasina zvaisanganisira muchidzidzo ichi), mashoko aya ari nani kupa munhu compressed fomu iri yemichindwe.

Saka, hondo yose Patriotic Hondo 1812 kuratidza inokosha unyanzvi vatungamiri vehondo wokuRussia uye ushingi ravarwi zvavo vanenge akazadzisa kukunda hondo Napoleon raMwari kwainzi asingakundiki.