Fluoroplastic: nokurondedzerwa, GOST

Polyacetal - a chakaita zvokugadzirwa polymer zvinhu yaiwanzoshandiswa nemakemikari, zvemagetsi uye zvokudya indasitiri zvikurukuru sezvo coatings. Its zvakwakanakira zvinosanganisira zvikurukuru kushandiswa navanopinda tembiricha siyana uye pasi coefficient kuti kukweshera.

Definition uye Types

Fluorines anoreva mhando wandei fluorine tubhokisi mapurasitiki. Kakawanda iri maindasitiri neveimba anoshandisa polytetrafluoroethylene. Zvichienderana mugadziri, ichi zvinhu anganzi zvakasiyana. In dzakagadzirirwa zvitoro Russia akatengesa kusanganisira kupinza polytetrafluoroethylene. Material chakaitwa USA, rinonzi "Teflo" mu England - "Flyuon" muGermany "Gostaflon". Isu muRussia inozivikanwa se teflon-4.

Dzimwe mhando iyi zvinhu haina nevakawanda kupararira, asi dzakakurumbira zvikuru. Ivo:

• Polytrifluorochloroethylene (PTFE-3);
• Polyvinylidene fluoride (PTFE-2);
• Other copolymers ose fluorinated ethylene.

nzira gadzira

Wana mhando dzose idzi nemakemikari nzira. Kutaura zvazviri, vakaita Polymers kuti fluorine maatomu anowedzerwa. Nokudaro zita ravo.

Fluoroplastic-4 synthesized kuva upfu chena uye ipapo chakatsindirwa uye sintered panguva pamatunhu tembiricha. Other mavanga ichi zvinhu inowanzopiwa vakazvigadzirirwa richipedza.

In kugadzirwa vakawanda itsva zvigadzirwa zvemazuva inoshandiswa Teflon. Magadzirirwo zvechokwadi chete zvinoshamisa. Zvakanakira ichi zvinhu zvinosanganisira:

• High makemikari nemishonga. PTFE-4 asingauyi kuiparadza kunyange kufashaira aqua regia.
• Inertness uye vakaderera porosity.
• The yakaderera chaizvo kukweshera coefficient. Nhamba iyi iri PTFE inoramba rinenge chete panguva tembiricha zvose.
• Excellent dielectric ehupfumi. Izvi insulator zvinhu anoramba kunyange 200 ° C.
• Kugadzikana. Chemical ehupfumi kuti fluoroplastic-4 haachinji paImba tembiricha kusvika -300 c.
• Flame nemishonga - mumwe mukana mumwe zvinhu akadai Teflon. Characteristics (a kupisa nemishonga polymer dzinoratidzwa kukwanisa kuzvidzora anodzima) kubvumira uye kushandiswa kwayo munzvimbo omoto pangozi mukuru.
• Gas tightness.
• Biocompatibility. Izvi rworudzi epurasitiki inowanzoshandiswa kugadzira dentures.

payakaipira PTFE

Sezvaunogona kuona, mashoko chaizvo yepamusoro uye akapotsa nokudenga - Teflon. Rine maitiro chete zvinoshamisa. Asi, chokwadi, iye ane zvimwe zvainovhiringidzawo. To avo vanosanganisira:

• High chando chokubuda. pfuma iyi ndiyo yaita ichikutadzisa kushandiswa PTFE mune zvemagetsi.
• Kugona govera zvinokuvadza kana neshungu pamusoro 300 c.
• Large tichienzanisa nedzimwe Polymers, uye uremu hazvina kunyanya kunaka kusakara nemishonga.

waigara

Fluorine mapurasitiki rinoshandiswa zhinji nzvimbo upfumi. Kakawanda rinoshandiswa:

• Mugore Automotive indasitiri. Sezvo kukweshera coefficient kwemashoko iri dikisa, nekuti yakabereka yepamusoro mabheyaringi, kukweshera zviyero, rutsigiro makumbo uye zvichingodaro. D.
• In zvemagetsi uye Electronics maindasitiri. Insulator Teflon uri kwazvo. Naizvozvo kwazvo inowanzoshandiswa zvaAtemisi netambo, redunhu mapuranga, zvemagetsi zvinoriumba uye zvichingodaro. D.
• In mushonga. Kuwedzera prostheses uye anodyara zvakagadzirwa Teflon mudziyo kuchengeta serum uye plasma. Made kwaari uye kavha mishonga.
• In zvokudya indasitiri. zvinhu izvi zvikuru yakanyatsokodzera Somuenzaniso, kugadzira miseve nokuti tikaisa mukanyiwa kushandiswa Mabheka, mukaka rokupa pombi, etc. pamusoro romukati pamusoro Teflon nezvaenga - .. Ko zvakare mhando fluoroplastic.
• Apo vanoungana kuti mapaipi emvura uye mapaipi enyika (FUM-tepi).

Saka, mashoko ari mukuru kwazvo kudiwa, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko anongoti irreplaceable - Teflon. Characteristics (ayo applicability chaizvoizvo yakakura chaizvo), akagovera vaenzi, isu funga pazasi.

kukweshera coefficient

Nhamba iyi iri PTFE iduku kwazvo. The kinetic uye kunofambira mberi coefficient kuti kukweshera pamusoro simbi ndiyo 0,04 chete. Zvisinei, sezvo kare ambotaurwa, PTFE - mashoko haasi zvakare yakasimba. Saka, kunyange pashure 100 inopfuura pamusoro ehupfumi siyana. In ichi kunofambira mberi coefficient kuti kukweshera kunowedzera kusvika 0,13, uye kinetic - kusvika 0.08.

Kaviri kusingarapiki kuchinja fluoropolymer nomumativi ari mukuru kwazvo zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope nokukurumidza. Panyaya iyi, mvongamupopoto coefficient iri yakawedzera 2-3 nguva. Kukosha indekisi ichi dzingasiyana zvikuru tembiricha nokufamba.

Polytetrafluoroethylene akazoita coefficient pamusoro kukweshera, kana mutoro inowedzerawo gona. Saka, Somuenzaniso, pane imwe kumanikidzwa:

• 20-30 makirogiramu / m ^2, kukosha indekisi ichi - 0.1;
• 150-300 makirogiramu / m ² - 0.02.

The acho nyoro zvakakwana - Teflon. zvachiri vakadaro kana kushandiswa mukugadzira Somuenzaniso, mabheyaringi, zvakafanira kuti kuwedzera weupfu fillers. Izvi zvingava chemubhotoro, girazi fibers, molybdenum disulfate, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Manyiminya ehupfumi

Dzakaonda mafirimu ose Teflon pachena transmits chiedza, kureva segirazi. Iye anotarira pamusoro kufanana polyethylene. In gobvu mafirimu izvi zvinhu zviri zvakavhenekerwa.

Chakarurama fluoroplastic pachena kuna UV mwaranzi maererano-siyana 2000-4000 A, nokuti michini - wavelength kubvira 2 kusvika 7,5 μ.

Kuonana yakakwirira tembiricha

Kana neshungu madhigirii pamusoro 327 fluoroplastic crystals ayo aparadzwa, kwamakadarika nayo zvinoenda amorphous muchimiro. Kazhinji gobvu mativi akagadzirwa ichi zvinhu zviri opaque. Pashure yezwi amorphous chimiro PTFE anotanga zvakasununguka zvinoparadzira chiedza. Panyaya iyi, mashoko haasi viscous uye zvikuru kwakavharwa nenyama. Kana neshungu kuti 415 madhigirii C uye pamusoro wayo manyowa kwacho kunotanga. Izvozvo viscous Teflon zvikasaitika chero tembiricha.

Izvi zvinokanganisa kugadzira muitiro mabikirwo zvikamu ake. Polyacetal (Standard nokurondedzerwa rinotsanangura nemashoko kunonyanyisa zvakarurama) hazvigoni kushandiswa kugadzira nokuda kwakajairika nzira kuti mapurasitiki. Somuenzaniso, imwe chigadzirwa kugadzirwa kwazviri nokuda jekiseni Kuumbwa kana extrusion hazviiti. Kugadzira zvikamu uye zvinoriumba kubva ichi acho sintering zvemichina achishandisa "Mahwendefa" nekuumbanidzwa yakaderera tembiricha.

mushonga ehupfumi

Fluoroplastic-4 munhu mishonga kugadzikana fuma. Izvi zvinhu asingakanganisi kuiparadza kunyange hasha huru - rakasanganiswa uye simba acids. Kwete zvainoita kwaari uye pfungwa alkaline mhinduro.

The chete chinhu haashiviriri kuonana - ndivo mhinduro kubva alkali simbi iri amoniya uye zvokuvamba fluorine uye kuiisa chlorine trifluoride. Kunoratidza maratidzirwo namakemikari izvi panguva akakwidziridzwa tembiricha.

kuwedzera reshiyo

On parameter ichi Teflon F4 unhu uyewo muri mukuru. Zvisinei, ayo coefficient kuwedzera kunosiyana-siyana pamwe tembiricha. Sezvazvakanyorwa kuratidzwa tafura.

recrystallization

Sezvambotaurwa, mumwe zvainovhiringidzawo akadzadzwa PTFE (vane nokurondedzerwa Kazhinji zvakanaka), munhu zvakakwana yakakwirira mwero chando chokubuda. In tsika, izvi zvinoguma kuchinja chimiro mishonga akaita kwazviri pa yakakwirira kumanikidzwa. Kana vari kushandiswa pana haana kukwirira tembiricha - kubva madhigirii 80 kusvika 100 C, panguva iyo mutoro hakufaniri anopfuura 10 makirogiramu / m ^2. At wakakwirira vomanikidza chigadzirwa achagara zvinooneka deformation. With kuwedzera tembiricha inofanira kuderedzwa uye mutoro.

Kana kumanikidzwa simba (100-200 makirogiramu / m ²⁾ mharidzo yakagadzirwa polytetrafluorethylene, inogona akapwanyika kuva ndiro rine kudzikira ukobvu 3-5 nguva zvichienderana tembiricha. Kana deformation mashoko kazhinji zvikasaitika nayo cracking walnut uye hakuna mamwe makuvaro.

In tafura pazasi munhu anogona kuona zviri ichi kuremekedza fluoroplastic nokurondedzerwa (compression pasi dzimwe zvinorema).

Fotoroplast ingashandiswa nokuda kugadzira zvikamu akashandiswa, uye dzimwe makirogiramu kupfuura 30 / m ² kuvafurira. Zvisinei, muchiitiko ichi kuvaka pairing kuti nodes vari chigadzirwa inofanira kuva batana. It haabvumirwi kuvapo imomo in kana zvinokosha maburi. Panyaya iyi, iyo fluoroplastic achava kungorega pasina kutiza. Teflon zvinhu - kunyanya kwakavharwa nenyama. Naizvozvo, kuti vabudirire snug zvakakodzera, zviri yebhasera kugadzirwa rabha. Dzimwe nguva mhesano nodes uyewo kushandisa chitubu compensators.

Fluoroplastic: michina nokurondedzerwa

In kugadzirwa PTFE-4 compulsorily vakateerera zvinodiwa GOST 10007-80. Zvinotevera tafura inoratidza kukosha physico-kwemakemikari ehupfumi izvi zvinhu.

Heino imwe yakadaro anoshamisa Teflon-4 nokurondedzerwa. The ehupfumi uyu zvinhu kubvumira kushandiswa kwayo nokuda kugadzirwa chemhando yepamusoro nhengo.

Brand PTFE-4

Sezvambotaurwa, polytetrafluoroethylene - kupfuura kufarirwa chimiro ichi mhando Polymers. Parizvino inobereka pezvitsiga wandei PTFE-4:

• F-4PN. Kushandiswa kugadzirwa mukuru rakavimbika.
• 4D-F. Akashandiswa pagadzirwe vakawanda chinangwa zvigadzirwa.
• F-4D. Of PTFE anoita ichi hachizi matete-namasvingo chubhu, kuputira kuti netambo, hoses uye FUM tepi.
• F-4D. Very manufacturable zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kugadzirwa chaiyo kukura.

Teflon papepa

Products kwakadai chaizvo kudiwa mu indasitiri ano. Nokuti kugadzirwa insulating, Anti kukweshera uye Simbiso zvigadzirwa zvakanaka chaizvo polymer akadai Teflon, unhu. Shizha shanduro yaro kugadzira michina iri Classified mu:

• zvinhu chiratidzo "C" (Sliced);
• chiratidzo "P" (chakatsindirwa).

Sale pamusoro fluoroplastic mabhanzi dzakadaro pasina coils. Ukobvu iri pakutsvaga neHurumende mureza uye, zvichienderana upamhi kungava 2-4 mm.

Teflon, ane maitiro mumuviri makuru - ano zvinhu akashandiswa zvaAtemisi akasiyana-siyana zvikamu uye zvinoriumba. In tichienzanisa kwakajairika mapurasitiki ine zvakawanda zvakanaka. Vose PTFE uye nyaya dzacho, tichitarisa unhu mukuru zvinodiwa, kunofanira kuitwa zvichinyatso enderana GOST.