Far Eastern Republic. History buffer mamiriro

Panguva Civil Hondo mumatongo Russian Empire, pakanga chaizvo paruzhinji masangano. Vamwe vavo vaiva musoro uye dzava emakore, uye vamwe zvichiripo nhasi (Poland, Finland). Upenyu mumwe chete kwemwedzi mishomanana kana mazuva. Mumwe akadaro mamiriro idzodzo, izvo akamuka pamusoro mumatongo umambo, aiva Far Eastern Republic (DDA).

Background musi DDA

Pakutanga 1920 muna Far East aimbova Russian Empire akanga kutoti mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Paaiva mundima iyi vakatora nzvimbo rinokosha Zviitiko Civil War. Munguva tsamwisa, ivo Workers 'uye Varimi' Red Army (Red Army) uye munyika kumukira vakadonha inonzi Kolchak Russian mamiriro rayo guru muna Omsk, kuti pamberi anodzora vakawanda kuSiberia uye kuFar East. Zvasara Education akatora musoro kumucheto reRussia kumabvazuva uye nekutsvaga mauto ayo okumabvazuva Transbaikalia, pamwe musimboti muna Chita achitungamirirwa Ataman Grigoriya Semenova.

Vladivostok akahwina kumukira rinotsigirwa Bolsheviks. Asi hurumende yeSoviet akanga asina kukurumidza kuisa zvakananga munzvimbo RSFSR, sezvo paiva nengozi ane simba wechitatu chiso Japan, iyo pamutemo akaratidza kwayo muchiuto. Panguva imwe cheteyo, chakatowedzera kuvapo kwayo zvechiuto munharaunda, pachena zvichireva kuti kana mamwe chinotangira yeSoviet mamiriro kumabvazuva yakazarukira kupinda kwandakaita pamwe Red Army zvombo.

Kuberekwa Far Eastern Republic

Kuti tidzivise zvakananga kurwisana pakati ehondo Red Army nehondo Japanese, zvishoma vakabata simba muna Irkutsk muna January 1920 SR enyika pakati atoisa mberi pfungwa wakateya Far East, mumwe buffer mamiriro. Sezvingatarisirwa, vaitungamirira basa mairi, iye basa pachake. Bolsheviks zvakare aida pfungwa, asi panotangira itsva wehurumende, vakaona chete Hurumende pakati nhengo RCP (b). Under kumanikidzwa pevane masimba Polittsentr akamanikidzwa kupa mu uye kuti unzi simba muna Irkutsk Military Revolutionary Committee.

Education Far Eastern Republic somunhu buffer ezvinhu kunyanya kushingaira ndokuedza kuunza upenyu sachigaro Revolutionary Komiti Irkutsk Alexander Krasnoshekov. Kugadzirisa nyaya Far Eastern inokosha hofisi panguva RCP (B) yakatangwa March 1920. Kunze Krasnoshchekova vaiva Aleksandr Shiryamov uye Nikolai Goncharov dzepamusorosoro nhengo Far Eastern Bureau. Zvaive munguva yavo vanoshingaira kubatsirwa 6 April 1920 Verkhneudinsk (nhasi Ulan-Ude) akasikwa itsva Hurumende - the Far Eastern Republic.

Vanhu Revolutionary Army

Pakusikwa Far Eastern Republic zvaisazova zvinobvira pasina kutsigirwa Soviet Russia. In May 1920 zvakanzi pamutemo mutsva mamiriro. Nokukurumidza nechepakati Moscow hurumende akatanga kupa rubatsiro chinoratidza kuti DDA, zvose enyika uye zvoupfumi. Asi panguva ino, chikuru kukura ehurumende yakanga kutsigirwa nevarwi RSFSR. Izvi mhando kubatsirwa kuri kunyanya pakagadzwa pahwaro of East-Siberian mauto eSoviet oga muuto rayo DDA - vanhu Revolutionary Army (NRA).

Creation ane buffer mamiriro akasarudza kwehwamanda kadhi muJapan, riri pamutemo vakaratidza zvematongerwo enyika, uye iye akamanikidzwa mubve mauto ayo kubva East Far kuna July 3, 1920. Izvi akabvumira nda kuti vabudirire chinokosha mukurwisa nemauto utsinye munharaunda, uye pakudaro akudziridze nharaunda yacho Far Eastern Republic.

October 22 Mauto Chita maigara vanhu Revolutionary Army, pakarepo vakasiya Ataman Semyonov. Nguva pfupi pashure pacho, muguta Verkhneudinsk hurumende vakatamira DDA.

Mushure vokuJapan akasiya Khabarovsk, mumatsutso 1920 Chita vaipinda musangano pakati vamiririri Trans-Baikal, Amur uye Primorye kumatunhu, iro kwakasarudzwa kubatana kundima izvi kuva kusaroora - DDA. Saka, pakazopera 1920 Far Eastern Republic aidzora zvizhinji kuFar East.

mudziyo DDA

Far Eastern Republic muna kwarwo, aiva administrative-miganhu yakasiyana marongerwo. Pakutanga, zvakanga yaisanganisira nzvimbo shanu: asi Trans-Baikal, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Amur uye Primorye.

With dzakananga Panyaya kuzviremera, ipapo panguva padariro wehurumende utariri basa DDA vakafunga Constituent Assembly, dzinosarudzwa muna January 1921. It kushandisa Constitution, zvichienderana izvo simba repamusoro vaiona National Assembly. It Anosarudza zvakafanana democratic vhoti. Uyewo, iyo Assembly Constituent agadzwa nehurumende inotungamirirwa A. Krasnoshchekov, iyo yakatsiviwa N. Matveev pakupera 1921.

White Guard mutiny

January 26, 1921 White Guard mauto, kunotsigirwa kuJapan muna Vladivostok rakaparadzwa ari Bolshevik hurumende, uye nokudaro vakauya nharaunda kubva DDA. vanonzi dikidiki priamurye hurumende rakaumbwa pamusoro munharaunda Maritime nharaunda. Nokuda kwohumwe chinotangira ehondo chena pakazopera 1921 kubva DDA akanga vakanyarara Khabarovsk.

Asi kugadzwa Blucher zvehondo achishumira Far Eastern Republic akaenda nani zvikuru. Counteroffensive rakarongwa, panguva iyo nevachena akatambura rinorema kukundwa, vakarasikirwa Khabarovsk, uye pakazopera October 1922 vakanga kusundwa chose kubva East Far.

Ndakabatana Far Eastern Zimbabwe State yeSoviet

Nokudaro, Far Eastern Republic (1920 - 1922) akachizadzisa zvizere chinangwa chacho sechinhu buffer mamiriro kuti dzidzo haana kupiwa chikonzero pamutemo kubatana kuJapan muna rakazaruka kunetsana pamwe Red Army zvombo. Nokuda kudzingwa of White Guard mauto kubva East Far, ivo vakaramba kuvapo DDA akanga kukodzera. Akabereka kumubvunzo accession weHurumende kusvikira dzidzo RSFSR, izvo zvakaitwa nevanhu 15 November 1922 akumbirwa reNational Assembly. East Far vanhu Republic havasisipo.