Tribal Union of Eastern Slavs. 15 dzemadzinza kubatana

Pane maonero akawanda pamusoro kwakabva Slavs. Panguva Guru Kutama kuwanda amarudzi nechepakati uye kumabvazuva Europe, izvozvo kuenda kumadokero. Various hypotheses vanoti Slavs vakaburuka Antes, uye wends sklavenov mu V-VI emakore. Nokufamba kwenguva, mukanyiwa guru yakakamurwa muzvikwata zvitatu: kumadokero, kumaodzanyemba uye kumabvazuva. Vamiririri ekupedzisira vakagara vemazuva Russia, Ukraine uye Belarus.

Eastern Slavs vaiva vanhu mumwe. Izvi zvakanga zvisingaiti nemhaka kusiyana okunze uye magariro. Paiva 15 dzemadzinza mibatanidzwa yoKumabvazuva Slavs. Pasinei hama ukama uye pedyo napedyo ukama hwavo havana noushamwari nguva dzose.

Nokuti vakasununguka kubva kupatsanura, vaongorori kazhinji dzikarongwa dzemadzinza mibatanidzwa yoKumabvazuva Slavs. The tafura richakubatsira kunzwisisa zvakawanda mazita pre-mifananidzo inotaura. In IX-X emakore. vanobatana zvose muRussia vachitungamirirwa machinda Kievan.

Northern dzemadzinza kubatana

Iri kure kuchamhembe ecumene vaigara muSlovenia. In historiography uyewo chavasina yeshoko "Ilmen" - musoro kwegungwa pakavakirwa vakagara. Gare gare, guta guru pakati Novgorod kuonekwa pano, vakava ndima pamwe Kiev mumwe enyika zviviri nzvimbo Russia. Izvi chirwirangwe dzedzinza kumabvazuva Slavs yaiva chimwe chezvinhu dzakabudirira nekuvongwa kuchinjanisa dzakavakidzana dzavanhu uye nyika pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa reBaltic. Vanozivikanwa kwavo kakawanda kunopesana VaViking (VaViking), nokuti chii chave vakakokwa yaitonga Prince Rurik.

Kumaodzanyemba akagadzirisa mumwe mubatanidzwa dzedzinza kumabvazuva Slavs - krivichi. Ivo vakagara yepamusoro inosvika nzizi huru dzakawanda kwazvo; Dnieper, Western Dvina uye Volga. Maguta avo chikuru vaiva Smolensk uye Izborsk. Polotsk uye Vitebsk akararama Polochans.

Central dzemadzinza kubatana

Panguva kupfuura mutero of Volga - Oka - vaigara vyatichi. Yaiva kumabvazuva wedzinza pamwe of Eastern Slavs. Kubva kuruboshwe Vyatichi matongo nzvimbo romeno-Borshchevskaya tsika. Vari kunyanya kuita zvokurima uye kutengeserana Volga Bulgars.

Kumavirira Vyatichi uye kumaodzanyemba Krivichy akararama radzimichy. Ivo vaiva nyika pakati penzizi Dnieper uye Desna muna Belarus ano. Kubva kurudzi urwu andisiya zvinyorwa zvinenge hapana kunyorwa - chete taura zvikuru dzakabudirira vavakidzani.

Dregovichi achiri akararama kumadokero Radimichi. Kuchamhembe vakatanga nhaka Lithuania vanhu dzomusango, uyo pamwe Slavs vaiva kugara nokurwisana. Asi kunyange ukama hwakadaro ane simba guru Dregovichi iro vakagamuchirwa vazhinji Balta miitiro. Kunyange mutauro wavo yachinja uye mashoko matsva yaainge nevavakidzani hwokuchamhembe.

Western dzemadzinza kubatana

Ari kure kumavirira akararama Volhynians uye White vokuCroatia. About kunyange akataura Byzantine Constantine Bagryanorody (mubhuku rake "On basa umambo"). Aidavira kuti ichi pamwe dzedzinza of Eastern Slavs ndivo madzitateguru muBalkan vokuCroatia vaigara pamusoro miganhu ake ehurumende.

Volhynians anonziwo buzhans, akawana zita rayo kubva kurwizi Western Bug. Vakanga vanotaurwa zvakaedza yakapfuura Years.

South dzemadzinza kubatana

Pontic steppes vari kumusha Ulichi uye Tivertsy. Izvi dzemadzinza mibatanidzwa dzakanga kumaodzanyemba komuganhu kugarwa of Eastern Slavs. Vaigara mugwenga uye ndaingogara yeko Turkic muArabhu - Pechenegs uye Polovtsy. vakatadza kukunda mune kunetsana, zviri Slavs, uye yechipiri yezana X remakore, vakazosvika vakasiya Sea Black nharaunda, Vakazopinda munyika volynyan uye kuwadzana navo.

In rwezasi-mabvazuva necheSalvic oecumene akararama northerners. Nemamwe navo, ivo zvakasiyana rakamanikana chiso chimiro. Vari zvikuru kukanganiswa vavakidzani inowanzorimwa muArabhu, uyo northerners wezvikamu kutombozivikanwa muchiKristu. 882 asati, madzinza izvi vaiva vabati vechibharo pakati Khazars, apo Oleg haangavi navo simba ravo.

drevlyans

Mumasango pakati Dnieper uye Pripyat akagadzirisa drevlyans. Ravo guru rakanga Iskorosten (zvino kuruboshwe kwaari Wevhu). In Drevlyane kwakasimbiswa kwegadziriro ukama mukati wedzinza. Kutaura zvazviri, izvi aiva mangwanani chimiro mamiriro rayo muchinda pachavo.

Vamwe nguva drevlyans nharo nevavakidzani vayo patsangadzi utongi mudunhu, uye yokupedzisira kunyange akabhadhara mutero kwavari. Zvisinei, pashure Oleg vakabatana kuti Novgorod uye Kiev, dzaakanga akunda uye Iskorosten. mutsivi wake, Prince Igor akaurayiwa nemaoko Drevlyane pashure urutakure mutero surpluses. Mukadzi wake Olga noutsinye vakazvitsivira vapanduki moto Iskorosten, iyo zvino kumbobvira vakavakazve.

Mazita amarudzi mibatanidzwa pakati Eastern Slavs vanowanzova dzomuzana mashoko akasiyana. Somuenzaniso, Drevlyane zvinonziwo dulebsky mubatanidzwa yemadzinza, kana Dulebs. Wakasara kwavari Zimnovskoe Fort, izvo zviri VII remakore, rakaparadzwa chisimba netsaona.

glade

Average Dnieper akasarudzwa rokubvisa. Rakanga kupfuura simba uye simba dzemadzinza mubatanidzwa. Excellent dzinongoitika ezvinhu uye ivhu rakaorera akavabvumira kwete pachavo zvokudya, asi kuti kuchinjanisa zvinobudirira nevavakidzani vayo - kushongedzera zvikepe, etc. Ndizvo nharaunda yavo yaiva nomugwagwa "achibva VaViking kuvaGiriki", iro akavapa hombe purofiti ...

Kiev akava musimboti dzesango, riri pamusoro soro kumahombekombe Dnieper. Masvingo aro vakashumira kudzivirira sezvo yakavimbika pavavengi. Ndivanaani vaiva vavakidzani dzemadzinza mibatanidzwa yoKumabvazuva Slavs muzvikamu izvi? Khazars, Pechenegs uye vamwe vanhu anongofamba vaida kumanikidza akagadzikana mutero. The 882 gore Novgorod muchinda Oleg yakakunda Kiev uye zvakasikwa chimwe East necheSalvic mamiriro, tama guta rake pano.