Driopithecus: nguva upenyu, dzinogarisana uye maitiro

Noumwe nguva (panguva Upper Miocene) munzvimbo dzine East Africa uye Northern India yaigarwa zvisikwa, zvichida iri shanduka vamutangira yevanhu ano. Gare gare vakaparadzira kuna Asia uye Europe. Vaive driopithecus.

Nyaya ino achaedza kupindura mibvunzo chokuita zvisikwa izvi: chii driopithecus, nguva upenyu, nzvimbo, STRUCTURAL features, uye kudzidza Vhuṱanzi pamusoro kukura vanhu vose.

A zvishoma nezvenhoroondo shanduka paNyika

Tichienzanisa munhoroondo yose yevanhu, Tertiary nguva yakatora nguva refu (70 - 1 miriyoni litres kare ..).

Uye kukosha iyi munhoroondo yose Earth, kunyanya kukura chirimwa uye upenyu hwemhuka, hwakakura kwazvo. Mumazuva iwayo, paiva zhinji zvachinja pakuonekwa yose: paiva nzvimbo gomo, bays, nzizi nemakungwa, achinja zvikuru chinotsanangura anenge ose makondinendi. Chero makomo: Caucasus, Alps, ivo Carpathians, akanga kumutsa chinokosha Asia (Pamir uye eHimalaya).

Zvakachinja nemiti uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka

Panguva iyoyowo mberi kwave kuchinja nemiti uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Paiva kutonga mhuka (mhuka). Uye anokosha uye kukosha kuti panguva kuguma Tertiary nguva rine dzepedyo tateguru womunhu ano. Pakati pavo driopithecus, panguva upenyu kusvika miriyoni. 9 Years.

On the hypotheses kuvanhu

Panoperera zvinonyatsorehwa kukura munhu zvipenyu akasimuka rikurumidze. Rinotaura LEVEL okukura. Ndiani chete munhu Panyika maonero - «Homo sapiens» (nenzira yakasiyana - "Homo sapiens").

Kazhinji, pane hypotheses zhinji yaigara vanhu. Maererano pfungwa nechitendero, zvose, kusanganisira vanhu, wakasikwa naMwari (Allah) kubva muvhu (ivhu nyoro). Pakutanga, weZuva uye Pasi vakasikwa, ipapo mvura, ivhu, mwedzi, nenyeredzi, uye pakupedzisira mhuka. Zvadaro, paiva Adhamu uye shamwari yake Eve. Somugumisiro, chokupedzisira Danho - kwakabva vamwe vanhu. Gare gare, pamwe kukura nesayenzi pane maonero matsva panyaya chidzoke kwevanhu.

Somuenzaniso, musayendisiti Swedish Linnaeus (1735) akasika kwegadziriro zvose zviripo zvipenyu. Somugumisiro, mumwe munhu akanga kuzivikanwa muna primates (boka mhuka) uye akapa zita "Homo sapiens."

The zvakasikwa French Zh. B. Lamark, zvakare, pfungwa nezvekwakabva vanhu chimupanze.

Precursors vevanhu maererano Darwin - driopithecus (Miocene nguva muupenyu).

Zvokukura upenyu hwevanhu vamutangira uye mazita avo

Maererano ano paleontological tsvakurudzo, ari madzitateguru yekare wemunhu - chinyakare mhuka (insectivores), izvo chamuita kuti subfamily parapithecus.

Usati vaunoziva kuti driopithecus (munguva upenyu hwavo), kupa tsanangudzo mamwe subspecies.

The chidzoke parapithecus yakatanga mamiriyoni 35 apfuura. Izvi zvinonzi danda tsoko, umo vakatanga ano orangutans, Gibbons uye driopithecus.

Chii driopithecus? It poludrevesnye uye polunazemnye zvisikwa akazviratidza anenge mamiriyoni 18 apfuura. Vakapa pave Australopithecus, magorira ano uye chimupanze.

Australopithecus, akavapindurawo, ndine 5 kana kupfuura miriyoni apfuura pamapani Africa. Vakanga kare vaiva zvikuru tsoko ichifamba 2 hadzi makumbo, asi hafu hwakakungwa chinzvimbo. anogona Vapa pave vanonzi Homo habilis.

"Homo habilis" yakaumbwa anenge mamiriyoni 3 years ago. Iye anonzi baba archanthropines. Zviri Panguva iyi chaiva rokuishandura kuva vanhu, sezvo iyi zvakabudiswa yokutanga chinyakare zvokushandisa. Archanthropines vaiva zvokuvamba kutaura, uye vaigona kushandisa moto.

Paivawo vekare vanhu - Neanderthals (paleanthropic).

Panguva iyi, paitova kupesana zvesimba: vakadzi vakaita kubudiswa zvitunha zvemhuka, kuunganidza dzinodyiwa zvinomera, uye varume mubasa kunovhima uye kuti zvokushandisa uye kuvhima.

Zvino, pakupedzisira, Modern vanhu (kana Neanthropines) - Cro-Magnons. Ndivo vamiririri Homo sapiens, akazviratidza vanenge 50 zviuru. Makore akapfuura uye akararama dzavo. Vakanga vaita zvokurima, mhuka dzaichengetwa. Paiva kutanga tsika uye chitendero.

Driopithecus: nguva upenyu, nzvimbo, STRUCTURAL zvinhu

Zvisaririra izvi kwemarudzi vaakawana Miocene uye Pliocene deposits. Pakati pavo, maererano nechokwadi remasayendisiti mashomanana - madzitateguru tsoko netsoko uye munhu pachake.

Vaigara Western Europe (18.9 mln. Makore akapfuura). Pane kusimbisa zvakafanana zvakawanikwa muna East Africa uye North India. Vose vari chitarisiko uye maitiro, vakanga chaizvo dzakafanana chimupanze uye magorira asi zvishoma chinyakare.

Not zhinji kwazvo chokwadi akachengetedzwa kuti zvakarurama dzinogarisana uye tsika. Ivo chete kupa pfungwa sei kurarama driopithecus (nguva upenyu, dzinogarisana, zvokudya, nezvimwewo). Ungangove, vakadya uswa kunyanya dzakasiyana (mhuka michero, michero, miriwo), uye akararama chete pamiti.

Its nechitarisiko chavo uye maitiro akafanana chimupanze ano uye makudo: vakasvika neavhareji kureba 60 masendimita, uye muviri uremu ranged kubva 20 kusvika 35 makirogiramu. Panyaya chokufambisa driopithecus patakafanana Gibbons ano uye orangutans.

Vari dzinoratidzwa kukura nani okumusoro maoko nemakumbo, vakarasikirwa yavanopedza vari kufamba kwavo.

Panewo chaiyo zvinhu: vaiva binocular chiratidzo uye nechepakati tsinga kukura.

Zvinoreva "driopithecus"

Word driopithecus ( «Dryopithecinae») rinobva rechiGiriki «drýs» - mumuti uye tsoko iri «píthekos», kureva netsoko vaigara miti.

Common Zviratidzo kwemhuka nevanhu

Driopithecus - yakatotsakatika subfamily guru netsoko. Kuwanikwa Zvisaririra ichi chokutanga chaizvo chakaitika muna 1856 kuFrance pa-gore Saint deposits zera kubva 15 kusvika mamiriyoni 18 makore. Uyo aiziva pamusoro Darwin aidavira kuzitateguru nezvevanhu uye anthropomorphic netsoko (Africa) driopithecus - chimupanze uye magorira.

About driopithecus ukama nevanhu chinoratidza maumbirwo rushaya ake uye meno kuti nokubatanidza zvinhu zvose vanhu netsoko. Mazino vane repasi inokosha driopithecus chaizvo zvakafanana chivako kuti molars dzevanhu, uye panguva imwecheteyo yakatanga zvakasimba mazino uye kuvapo zvimwe unhu zvinowanzoitika kuti anthropomorphic tsoko.

Dzepedyo kuvanhu - Darwin driopithecus, nguva upenyu iyo - Middle Miocene. marangwanda ake zvakawanikwa muAustria.

Kune vamwe vamiririri kwazvino tsoko mhando

"Munun'una" madzitateguru evanhu tariro shure, uye akagara kuruoko mhiri nzira yemhindumupindu zvichiita kubva nemaape kumunhu. Vamwe pakati Tsoko kwemarudzi (kuguma Tertiary nguva), zvikuru chete kujairana kurarama chete pamiti, saka vari dzakabatanidzwa zvachose kuti rainforest.

Kukura dzimwe dzakabudirira tsoko iri kurwira kuvapo kwakaita kuti kuwedzera kukura mumuviri yavo nenzvimbo. Saka, paiva hombe Meganthropus uye Gigantopithecus. marangwanda avo akawanikwa kumaodzanyemba China. Zvakafanana mhando uye magorira ano. Uye simba ravo uye kukura vachigara musango rakakura nemari uye kuti pakukuvadza dzidziso wouropi.

mhedziso

Kuchine zvakawanda kunoshamisa nyaya uye mhinduro kwavari nezvemavambo uye kukura murume. Zvichida Zvakawanikwa itsva mapfupa kubatsira kuvapindura.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvisaririra ane nemaape kunyange Georgia vachangotanga rawanikwa. Anofungidzirwa, zviri ONOS mhando iyi driopithecus, uye akapiwa zita udabnopiteka (nezita Udabno munzvimbo).