Combat neherikoputa Mi-35M: kare, tsananguro uye unhu

Mi-35M - chiri aina shanduro Russian muhondo neherikoputa Mi-24, BM, ndicho dikidiki yakakurumbira rotorcraft yeSoviet. vezvikepe Soviet akaitumidza "ichibhururuka tangi" nomuenzaniso pamwe anozivikanwa muHondo Yenyika II murwi ndege IL-2. Ndibatsireiwo remadunhu- revarwi chikwata aiva "garwe" pamusana template kuti kamafurashi neherikoputa.

Kana paiva mugadzi of Mi-35M?

Mukutanga Kuma1960, Soviet mugadziri Mikhail thousand, zvakava pachena kuti muitiro kune kuramba mufambo hondo kuchatungamirira pakasikwa zvinobhururuka inifanduri kurwa motokari rutsigiro kuti aigona kushandiswa kuita zvose kurwisana uye zvifambiso matambudziko. Wokutanga neherikoputa amutuke-24, anotaura pfungwa iyi, yakatanga achitungamirirwa Mile, wakatangwa muna 1966 mune experimental chitoro of Bazi Aviation Industry. Pfungwa chigadzirwa ichi kwaibva imwe chirongwa - wemauto-chinangwa neherikoputa V-22, izvo pachazvo kumbobvira nendege. B-24 aiva nechepakati mutakurwi uye zvinhu mupanda, izvo hachingagari vanhu vasere vagere shure kutsigira nemapapiro diki uye inogona kutakura kusvika zvombo matanhatu uye pamusoro rwemberi neherikoputa, uyewo mapatya-dhiramu pfuti.

Kusarudza kutanga kukura

Miles akapa nepurani yake mutungamiriri weSoviet muchiuto. Kunyange zvazvo akagashira kutsigira vatungamiri vemauto akawanda, vamwe vavo vaifunga kuti kukura kwakajairika zvombo yaizova nani kushandisa mari. Pasinei nokushorwa, tri akakwanisa kunyengetedza wokutanga weGurukota kudzivirira, Marshal Andrei Grechko, kuungana mazvikokota kudzidza nyaya. Pakupedzisira, pfungwa Mile yakahwina, uye Defence kukumbira kukura neherikoputa kutsigira inifanduri wakabudiswa. Saka vakatanga rwendo rurefu kuti kuhondo neherikoputa Mi-35M. Nhoroondo yacho kukura kwakaitika tikafunga kukura uye kushandiswa muhondo uye kurwiswa helicopters kubva US Army panguva yacho Vietnam War. kushanda kwavo kwakaita utungamiriri Soviet ari zvombo neherikoputa mikana uye akabatsira kutsigira kukura Mi-24 chirongwa, iyo munguva yedu rava neherikoputa (thousand) Mi-35M.

Progress kukura

Pakutanga thousand mainjiniya akagadzirira vaviri inokosha design kuita: 7-tani chete-injini uye mapatya-injini 10.5 tani. May 6, 1968 wakabudiswa akarayirwa kutanga kusimukira wechipiri shanduro. Basa akatungamirirwa thousand kusvikira parufu rwake muna 1970. Design basa rakatanga muna August 1968. renguva pamwero womuenzaniso neherikoputa rave akaongororwa uye mvumo February 1969. Flight miedzo zvikabva, gare gare rakavapo kupinda Mi-35M neherikoputa September 15, 1969 akatanga tichitaura nhungamiro maitiro, uye vokutanga rusununguko ndege rakaitirwa mazuva mana gare gare. Rakanga nokukurumidza kuvakwa uye kopi wechipiri, uye ndokusunungurwa kubva bvunzo batch mangé helicopters gumi.

Kunatsiridzwa pamusoro zvaanorumbidza emauto

Kubvuma miedzo prototypes kuitika Mi-35M helicopters - Mi-24 - akatanga muna June 1970, inogara kwemwedzi 18. Aichinja design, vakanga nechinangwa kuwedzera STRUCTURAL simba, kubvisa dambudziko nokuneta uye kuderedzwa vibration. Uyezve, munhu akaipa 12-dhigirii materu wakatangwa muna pamapapiro neherikoputa kuti kubvisa pfungwa Yaw kumativi ari aimhanya pamusoro 200 km / h, uye chombo chinoita zvokukandwa pylons yakaoma "Phalanx-M" zvakave kubva fuselage kusvika bapiro. The muswe rotor yave akatama kubva kodzero kurutivi muswe rworuboshwe, uye nhungamiro kutenderera kunoshandurwa. A vemamwe zvakagadzirwa kuchinja raitwa kutanga kugadzirwa wokutanga shanduro Mi-24a muna 1970. Agamuchira simbiso vaita muna 1971, papera gore, akanga pamutemo kugamuchirwa kupinda basa.

An muchidimbu mamiriro

Kumboda rakanga rakumbirwa kubva Mi-8 (NATO kushuma zita "Hip") mbiri Turbo panhongonya, ane shanu chipande huru rotor uye chipande matatu muswe rotor. injini configuration akapa Mi-35M ayo mamirire inlets kumativi ose fuselage. The yepakutanga shanduro ane tandem nzvimbo yemutekenyi zano: wakaiswa pamberi nemiseve, uye pamusoro payo, uye zvishoma shure mutyairi anogara.

The fuselage of Mi-24 akanga doro warrior uye aigona kutsungirira Hits kubva 12.7 mm mabara kubva kumativi ose. Titanium mashizha vari zvakare husingakwanisi 12.7 mm zvombo. The kabhini runochengetedzwa bara windscreens uye pani-Akazadzisa titanium. The chisimbiso nzvimbo yemutekenyi vakaramba zvakawandisa vachimanikidzwa kudzivirira vashandi vari ezvinhu radioactive pakusvibiswa.

ndege waivako

Wandei kutarisirwa chakapiwa kupa Mi-24, kufadza zvinogoneka nokukurumidza. Fuselage zvakaitwa streamlined uye vakagadzirira pamwe retractable kumhara giya, kuderedza zvuva. At dzakakwirira aimhanya mapapiro zvinopa wandei vachasimudza (kune kota kwayo zvachose uwandu). Huru sikuruwa anopa pa 2,5 ° kurudyi ari fuselage kudzikamisa tsika skew ari mira mamiriro. The chassis iri tilted kuruboshwe, iyo anoramba zvose kurwa neherikoputa Mi-35 imwe nhungamiro kana ari pasi. Saka mukuru sikuruwa iri mune chinjikira ndege. The muswe zvakare asymmetric, izvo zvinoitawo kuti lateral simba pamusoro payo ichimhanya, nokudaro pakuyamura muswe rotor.

Modifications anokosha muenzaniso

Wokutanga kutengeswa kubva 1971, kuti herikoputa akava Mi-24a. Haana aiva tandem nzvimbo yemutekenyi, uye ayo muswe rotor iri pakutanga raiva kurudyi. Mushure wakashandiswa kutamisa screws kurutivi rworuboshwe inoramba iripo vose vaivapo yokutevedzera.

Vakanga vapinda inotevera akatevedzana 1973 wokuenzanisira neherikoputa Mi-24D. Kutanga anooneka tandem nzvimbo yemutekenyi.

Kubvira 1976, Serial kugadzirwa muenzaniso akaenda Mi-24V, anotanga kuzviratidza Anti-chombo mugadziriro Sturm-V. Kusvikira 1986, vakanga yakaiswa vanosvika 4, uye ipapo nhamba yakawedzera kusvika 16.

Yepamusoro yeSoviet padariro muchiso Kugadzirwa Mi-24 aiva muenzaniso Mi-24 EP, yakabereka kubva 1989. Uyezve antitank zvombo Mi-24 akanga vakapakata zvombo VI "mhepo-kuti-mhepo" uye SAMs "tsono-C". Saka, anogona yakarova zvose pasi warrior uye mhepo huru (helicopters, ndege, pasi nokurwiswa ndege. UAVs). ishamwari yake American AH-64A Apache zviri muduku kwaari akurumidze, kurwisana nezvaanogona. kuchengeteka.

Russian pavaipfuura mazuvaano of muchiso

Pakaparara Soviet Union yakakanganiswa kwemakore anopfuura 20 uye kukura yakakurumbira mhuri "thousand" kurwisa helicopters. Model Mi-24 EP akasunungurwa makopi 30 chete.

Pakupedzisira yechipiri yezana 2000 pakanga muenzaniso setsikawo Russian of Mi-24VM. Iye wakatarwa kumhara nezvishoma zvinogona kutakura zvinotevera mhando zvombo: Anti-mhando "mhepo-mhepo" uye Anti-ndege mhando "Igla-V". Nokuti kudzivirira nyika MPADS zvepabonde chafariz nemwaranzi pamusoro neherikoputa injini, zvinonzi akashongedzerwa ane michini chipingaidzo kudzivirirwa.

On aina Mi-24VM rikataurwa pasi rokuti Mi-35M. Sei somunhu? Pictures of chaivo rwisana motokari havangagoni uchatamisa zvose nepurani zvinhu. zvakajeka anoudza kwavo epurasitiki muenzaniso Mi-35M (1:72) "The Star", riri kwakapararira pakati Russian uye dzimwe vanoda avhiyesheni michina uye kuratidzwa Photo pazasi.

Speed zvinyorwa pamusoro Mi-24V

Aiva muenzaniso kupfuura zvinowanzovapo kurwa motokari. Mi-24V hwakagadzwa akawanda nyika nokukurumidza zvinyorwa uye kuwedzera nguva akafanorongerwa urefu. The neherikoputa chakagadziridzwa saka napo kuderedza uremu - mumwe kuvandudzika rakanga kubviswa stub mapapiro.

Anoverengeka renhoroondo dzegore negore siyana Mapato pamusoro Mi-24V kunge yakaiswa hadzi vashandi pamusoro Galina Rastorgueva uye Lyudmily Polyanskoy ari 70s remakore rapfuura. Sezvo July 16, 1975 vakasvika kumhanya 341.32 km / h kana dzichibhururuka yakarurama pamutsetse chinhambwe 15/25 km uye July 18, 1975 akagadza mwero chinyorwa pa 334.46 km / h panguva nechepakati pivot 100 km . 1 August 1975, pamwe chete ndege denderedzwa 500 km ukoshi aiva 331.02 km / h, uye musi 13 Nyamavhuvhu 1975, pamwe chete kufamba pasina payload pamwe munhu namahwindo nzira kureba 1000? Km neherikoputa vakapararira kune 332.65 km / hr. Izvi zvinyorwa panochengetwa kusvika zvevakomana.

Tichienzanisa Western helicopters

Chii anosiyana Mi-35M? Chine mashoko zvechadenga chatingatevedzera warrior kurwa motokari uye zvifambiso neherikoputa. Haina zvakananga ishamwari iri hondo NATO nyika. Zvinozivikanwa kuti helicopters Uh-1 ( "Huey") aishandiswa panguva Vietnam War kana kuti zvokufambisa revarwi, kana somunhu kurwa muchina, asi havana kukwanisa kuita zvose mabasa aya zvakafanana. Unoponesa Uh-1 neherikoputa gunship raireva nokutorera kuti kamuri yose kuti vanhu pasi mamwe mafuta uye zvombo, uye sezvo zvakaguma kurasikirwa mukana kurishandisa somunhu motokari. Mi-24 uye zvose zvayo dzakazotevera okunatsiridza, kusanganisira Mi-35M rakagadzirwa kuita zvose mabasa, uye zvinokwanisika kuti asimbise panguva hondo Afghanistan muna 1980-1989.

The dzepedyo vakaenzana Western kwakanga Sikorsky S-67 Blackhawk, izvo akashandisa vazhinji akagadzira mitemo chete uye yakavakwa somupristi-nokukurumidza, zvikuru maneuverable kurwisa neherikoputa dzisina irikupa vanokwanisa uye kushandisa mamwe nodes kubva kwokutanga womuenzaniso Sikorsky S-61. S-67 Zvisinei, haana kugamuchirwa basa. The Mi-24 akanzi venyika chete "Kurwisa neherikoputa" kuburikidza mubatanidzwa firepower uye kukwanisa kutakura mauto.