Zener - chii ichi uye chii nokuda?

Zener - diode chinhu semiconductor pamwe nemamwe ehupfumi. Kana zvake semiconductor kana neizvi usanganidzo chiri insulator, izvozvo anoita basa iri kusvikira mumwe kukura pakati vakashandisa voltage, pakwakanga reversible aval Kuparara kunoitika. Mimwe kuwedzera aibuda kuburikidza zener diode neizvi voltage anoramba achitsungirira nokuda Proportional kuderera ari kurwisa. Nenzira iyi zvichiita kuti awane Kudzikamiswa muoti.

Kana kuvharwa, kuti zener chokutanga chinopinda chiduku kuitika leakage. Eremendi haazvibati somunhu resistor vane nemishonga mutengo wakakura. Mune Kuparara zener kuramba kunova kunyora nezvavo. Kana uchida kuramba kurera mazano voltage, kuti chinhu anotanga anodziya uye kana magetsi akapfuudza bvumidzwa kukosha kusingarapiki chafariz atiza. Kana haisi vakauya nayo, kushandurwa voltage kubva razero kusvika rokumusoro panogumira zener workspace ehupfumi zvabatwa.

Kana zvakananga kushandisa zener diode unhu regai kwakasiyana diode. Kana zvakabatana kuti S.-ndinoiitawo dunhu uye kubvisa - kusvika N-kunharaunda yezwi nemishonga iri diki uye magetsi runoyerera kuburikidza akasununguka. Iye kunowedzera chiyamuro voltage.

Zener - rinokosha diode, zvakabatanidzwa kunyanya namanhede. First chaikosha iri namahwindo mamiriro. Kana wemagetsi Kuparara zener voltage rwokuchengeta muupenyu hombe ano siyana.

Chiri akapa kuti anode akaipa uye cathode - plus. Beyond Kudzikamiswa (pfungwa 2 pazasi) uye overheat kunowedzera mukana foni kukundikana.

zvinoitwa

zener diode parameters ndeinotevera:

• U _V - Kudzikamiswa voltage panguva aizviti ano I _ndima;
• _Article I _Min - shoma Kuparara Magetsi kunotangira;
• I _{Saint Max} - kufadza bvumidzwa kuitika;
• TKN - tembiricha coefficient.

Kusiyana kwakajairika diode, iyo zener diode - a semiconductor mudziyo, umo magetsi-voltage cho munda magetsi uye chafariz Kuparara dziri kure zvakakwana kubva mumwe.

With vaifanira zvinobvumidzwa kwazvino chokuita parameters, kazhinji apa pamahwandefa - simba nounzenza:

P _Max = I _Max ∙ U _{vs. v.}

Kuvimba tembiricha kushanda ari zener diode angava TKN akanaka kana akaipa. The sequential kubatana zvinhu pamwe zvakasiyana zviratidzo nokuda coefficients vari zvakarurama zener kwete zvichienderana kudziyisa kana kutonhora.

kwemutariri

A chaiwo dhayagiramu kungoti stabilizer, anoumbwa imwe kutsigisa igwa nemishonga R _B zener diode shunt mutoro.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pane kukanganisa kuti Kudzikamiswa.

1. Stabilizer infeed guru voltage kubva simba kwaibva iri pamberi goho firita capacitor. Inrush razvino kana kuchaja kunogona kukonzera kukundikana zener diode kana kuparadzwa resistor R _b.
2. mutoro nekudeuka. Kana rikashandiswa kune kunonyanyisa chiyamuro voltage pamusoro zener diode pari anogona kusapfuudza zvinobvumidzwa kuti kukonzera kuparadza kwayo uye kudziyisa. Zvakakosha zvinoenderana pasipoti yakachengeteka uchishandisa nzvimbo.
3. The nemishonga R _b anosarudzwa diki, saka kuti panguva yepasisa zvaibvira kukosha romugove voltage uye kufadza zvinobvumidzwa mutoro kuitika kune zener diode riri kushanda murau wongoramba.

Kuti adzivirire stabilizer akashandisa thyristor kudzivirira matunhu kana fuses.

Resistor R _b rinowanikwa ne nzira:

R _b = (U _gomba - U _SG) (I _V + Ini _n).

Zener razvino I _V anosarudzwa pakati zvinogamuchirika kunonyanyisa uye shoma tsika, zvichienderana mazano voltage U _gomba uye mutoro ano I _n.

The kusarudza zener

Okunze vane guru kusiyana mune voltage Kudzikamiswa. Kuti tiwane kukosha yakarurama U _N, Zener diodes vanosarudzwa kubva chete batch mangé. Kune mhando imwe rakamanikana zvakawanda parameters. At yakakwirira simba nounzenza zvinhu akatasva radiators.

zvakakodzera chiyamuro Data kuti kuverenga pakati parameters ari zener diode Somuenzaniso, sezvinotevera:

• U _Num = 12-15 - chiyamuro voltage;
• U _v = 9 - kudzikamiswa voltage;
• R _n = 50-100 Ma - mutoro.

Parameters unonyanyoitwa Namano yakaderera simba rakawanda.

Nokuti risingamboshandisi chiyamuro voltage 12 V, magetsi panguva kunonyanyisa mutoro anosarudzwa - 100 Ma. Maererano nomutemo Ohm anogona kuwanikwa zvachose kurema cheni:

R _Σ = 12 V / 0.1 A = 120 ohms.

Zener voltage donhwe 9 V. In kwazvino 0.1 A chokunyepera mutoro:

R _eq = 9 V / 0.1 A = 90 ohms.

Zvino zvinoita kuona kurwisa of kutsigisa igwa:

R _B = 120 ohms - 90 ohms = 30 ohms.

It anosarudzwa kubva mureza siyana apo kukosha rinobatana pamwe akaverenga kukosha.

The kunonyanyisa kuitika kuburikidza zener diode vagara vandifungira kufungisisa mutoro disconnection, kuti hazvisi dzakabvarurwa, kana chero unsolder waya. The voltage donhwe mhiri resistor richava:

U _R = 15 - 9 = 6 V.

Next, kuitika kuburikidza resistor:

I _R = 6/30 = 0,2 A.

Sezvo zener diode zvakabatana muna dzaitevedzana kwairi, _bndinoziva = I _R = 0,2 A.

simba nounzenza richava P = 0,2 ∙ 9 = 1,8 watts or.

Maererano vakawana parameters vakasarudzwa akakodzera zener D815V.

zvakafanana, ichibata zener

A diac ari nokuchinja mudziyo, mumwe conductive rakatumbuka kuitika. A Zvinoitwa basa rake kuti osiyana voltage kuti volts wandei kana dziri kuwanda 30-50 V. Rinogona kutsiviwa vaviri oppositely kwakajairika zener yaisanganisira. Mano anoshandiswa sezvo nokuchinja zvinhu.

analogue zener

Kana usingagoni kuwana akakodzera Kufananidzira, anoshandisa ringanidzo ane zener diode transistors. Zvakavanakira zvingangoguma voltage murau. Izvi zvinogona kushandisa DC amplifiers multiple nzendo.

At mazano voltage mugoveri kusimbisa kugera resistor R1. Kana mazano voltage kunowedzera, pahwaro ari transistor VT1 ari kuwedzera. Izvi zvinowedzera kuitika kuburikidza transistor VT2, izvo compensates nokuda voltage kuwedzera, nokudaro kuramba yacho yakagadzikana goho.

chokuguma Zener

Available mu girazi zener diodes uye Zener diodes vari epurasitiki dzimba. Muchiitiko chokutanga vari rakaiswa pamusoro nenhamba 2, pakati iyo tsamba V. Title 9V1 rinoratidza kuti U _v = 9,1 V.

On mapurasitiki kwedzimba zvinyorwa zviri deciphered kushandisa datasheet, apo unogona kuwana mamwe kusarudza.

Dark mhete mumuviri zvinoratidzwa cathode, izvo kwakabatana munhu ndinoiitawo.

mhedziso

Zener - diode izvozvo chaizvo ehupfumi. The anobatsirwei yakakwirira Zener voltage mutemo pamusoro navanopinda nokushanda siyana ano kushanduka, uyewo nyore kubatana zano. Kudzikamisa yakaderera voltage mano zvinosanganisira mberi kwounyanzvi, uye vanotanga kushanda sezvo kuipa diodes.