"Boeing-707" - mutakurwi ndege: wongororo, rondedzero, nokurondedzerwa, uye nhoroondo zvokunyaradza vanoronga

To musi, Boeing Corporation ari tsika yakati itevedzerwe iri avhiyesheni indasitiri of USA uye rimwe munyika kupfuura Mugadziri midziyo yemagetsi. Panguva ino chaiyo boka rakanga afunga yakakurumbira ndege "Boeing-707", kuburikidza icho mhepo dzakawanda akawana rakafara mukurumbira.

ari Boeing kambani sei?

Boeing kambani hwakagadzwa mukutanga ramakumi remakore raWilliam Boeing. Pakutanga Kambani yakabereka kurovedza ndege uye ngarava kununura tsamba. Uyewo, uyu kambani akanga achiparidza pakusikwa siyana nemauto midziyo: Ndege, Avangard Ndege, varwi.

mumwe mukuru wokutanga-nokukurumidza ndege rinonzi Monomail, yaishandiswa kununura tsamba yakabudiswa muna 1930. Gare gare musi chawo Developers ndakasika wokutanga mutakurwi airliner "Boeing-247". Kubva nguva ichi zvakasimba Boeing akazova vaitungamirira mugadziri yevagari kuvakwa ndege.

Muna 1954 boka rakabudisa wokutanga ndege airliner munyika Boeing 707. The description, nhoroondo zvisikwa umhare ndege ichakurukurwa zvizere pazasi. Pahwaro liner iyi dzakwidzwa kusunungurwa dzinza mutakurwi ndege, zvinosanganisira "737", "747", "757" uye "Boeing-767". mhando iyi vava vatungamiriri vari nemauto yevagari kuvakwa ndege. Uwandu mota anobudiswa ave kupfuura 6500 dzakabatana.

Nhoroondo zvinobhururuka muchina

History of liner "Boeing-707" kubvira pakutanga rakanga zvarisingazivi. Production kambani akasarudza vanopedzisira magadzirirwo ayo uye kuvakwa vanopfuura mamiriyoni 16 emadhora, nekuti yakanga yakasiyana inoonekwa kukura chizvarwa chitsva mutakurwi ndege, iyo aifanira kuva munhu turbojet injini. Nokuda mukuru padanho pachivande mumotokari iye akapiwa bumbiro zita "Model 367-80". Pakati vashandi kuti akasimba Boeing Chirongwa zvazikamwa sezvo Dash 80. chete chekambani mukuru Executives vaiziva kuti zita remangwana ndege itsva - Boeing 707.

The ndege "Boeing-707" chaipiwa kuruzhinji May 14, 1954. The ndege itsva akasikwa pachishandiswa mienzaniso maviri zvikepe: Model 377 pisitoni vehurumende uye vemauto Model KC-97. Maererano ayo aerodynamic ehupfumi Model "Boeing-707" raiva pedyo muchiuto kwendege B-47 Stratojet, akasikwa 1950.

Yokutanga experimental kutiza airliner itsva yakaitwa July 15, 1954, uye vendege kwava 13 October 1955 chechipiri pakukura panguva - kambani Pan American - akasaina pamwe zvakasimba Boeing nechibvumirano ndege matanhatu "Boeing-707-120", tsananguro uye maitiro ayo vanoonekwa pazasi.

Description of muenzaniso "Boeing-707-120"

Mune mashanu ari maviri remakore mutakurwi ndege kuvaka kwave nokukurumidza kukura. Panyaya iyi, Boeing akawana zvakakomba aikwikwidza - dzesangano McDonnell Douglas, yakanga kuva jetliner Douglas DC-8. Izvi kukanganiswa magadzirirwo basa ndege Boeing 707 uye akaita zvimwe zvinhu. Tuso pokumuka muinonzi "Boeing 707-120".

The muenzaniso ndege yake yepakutanga aibudisa muchinjikwa-sectional kukura uye kureba fuselage. nzira izvi kuva. Nokuda akadaro hwokugadzira zvinogadzirisa ari vagadziri akakwanisa kuwedzera nhamba zvigaro Napamusara chete uye, naizvozvovo, nhamba mutakurwi zvigaro. Uyewo ari airliner vakanga yakaiswa injini itsva kuti kuita kumberi kutiza. Zvino, nhamba yacho yakanga 5000 makiromita.

Kugara Vols kuti muenzaniso uyu: "Boeing" rwaiitwa pamwe August 1958.

Magadzirirwo kuti "Boeing-707-120"

Kureba ndege iyi 44,07 m, nekukwirira -. 12,93 mamita Weight chinhu muchina rinosvika 55,58 m.

Wing ndege iri sezvinotevera: kwayo nokukura akaenzana 39.9 m, uye nharaunda - 226,3 m².

Cruising kumhanya wokuenzanisira ichi, "Boeing" - 1000 km / h. Kunonyanyisa ndege kukwirira ndiyo 11.9? Km.

The vashandi kuti "Boeing-707-120" ine vanhu vatatu.

Number zvigaro - kubva 110 kusvika 179, zvichienderana kirasi.

Achirondedzera "Boeing-707-138"

Passenger liner "Boeing-707-138" yakavakwa pamusoro zvakumbirwa Australia vendege Qantas. Before Boeing mainjiniya vave tasked kukudziridza chinokosha shanduro womuenzaniso ndege 707-120, izvo vaizova nomukana kuita Ultra-refu ndege.

Mugumo Zvakaguma pakusikwa mufambi liner ane pfupi iri necheshure fuselage. Uyezve, akanga akaderedzwa payload, uye akaisa rimwe tangi. muenzaniso uyu ndege "Boeing-707" rakabudiswa dzisina zvakawanda - 7 chete dzakabatana.

Achirondedzera "Boeing-707-320"

Pakapera 1955 akasimba Boeing ouinjiniya mudonzvo vakatanga basa vagadze mufambi ndege aigona kutakura kubuda intercontinental ndege. The airliner mutsva ainzi "Boeing 707-320". fuselage Its akanga yakawedzera, saka kuti nokureba ndege akatonyanya tichienzanisa muenzaniso 707-120. The mafuta tangi liner kwazova capacious. mapapiro rakawedzera. Motokari yakanga vakapakata mukuru-simba injini. The ndege itsva, "Boeing-707-320" vakanakidzwa kukurumbira mukuru pakati zvikepe muchikoro yavo.

Magadzirirwo kuti "Boeing-707-320"

Kureba ndege iyi 46,61 m, kureba -. 12,93 M ndege isina uremu rinosvika 65,4 m.

Bapiro ndege ndiyo sezvinotevera: kwayo kukura ndiko 44,42 m, uye nharaunda - 283 m².

Cruising kumhanya wokuenzanisira ichi, "Boeing" - 920 km / h. Kunonyanyisa ndege kukwirira ndiyo 11.9? Km.

The vashandi kuti "Boeing-707-320" ine vanhu vatatu.

Number zvigaro - kubva 147 kusvika 189, zvichienderana kirasi.

"Boeing-707": zvokunyaradza Zano, nzvimbo uye wongororo kutakura

Ngatitarisei chii chinoumba ari liner mukati. The Photo pazasi inoratidza hwezuva zano nzvimbo uye rutsigiro zvivako kuti ndege "Boeing 707".

Zano racho liner mukati rine zvinotevera mazita:

• B - retafura;
• C - wenguvo;
• G - kicheni;
• L - chimbuzi;
• LC - ruoko mukwende mupanda;
• M - fungidziro chidzitiro;
• S - chengetedzo.

Gray mufananidzo zvinoratidzwa nzvimbo yemutekenyi vashandi kuti "Boeing-707".

Interior liner 151 unotora munhu mufambi chigaro, 16 iyo dziri muna kirasi yokutanga (yeyero uye Orange mapazi pamusoro mifananidzo), uye mumwe 135 - rechipiri (zvitema uye girini nharaunda).

In Zano ndege mukati nzvimbo kuvasiri vanosvuta anozivikanwa mu tsvuku uye zvitema. Izvi zvinosanganisira mitsara kubva pakutanga kusvika wechipiri weshanu nemisere. Kusvuta kusimbiswa orange uye girini. Izvi pokutanga wechitatu wechina, uye kubva navapfumbamwe maviri namasere.

Reviews kutakura "Boeing-707" akanaka, pasinei nokuti motokari iyi refu dzakavharwa. Izvi airliner Quality overshooting angabudirira kukwikwidzana ndege zhinji ano.

Other okunatsiridza kuti "Boeing-707"

Kuwedzera mufambi shanduro ndege, Boeing kambani yakabereka zvimwe okunatsiridza zvinangwa zvakasiyana.

Somuenzaniso, munyika yokutanga ndege refueling KC-135 akasikwa pachishandiswa wokuenzanisira ichi, rinoshandiswa ne mhepo mauto kunyika dzakasiyana. Izvi liner kwemakumi emakore vakashumira izvi US zviyero, France, Turkey uye dzimwe nyika.

Chimwe nadzurudzo of "Boeing-707" akanga ndege kuenda neherikoputa vasabatwa rinonzi E-3 AWACS. ndege iyi yakagadzirwa uchikumbira US Air Force uye akaita basa iri kuonekwa ndege muvengi kubudikidza kushanda pakuvheneka nzvimbo obliquely-kudzoka nzira.

Chinonziwo kwakavakirwa "Boeing 707" ndege yakavakwa unokudzwa VC-137, izvo zvakanga zvasara panze №1 uye kushandiswa kutakura US mapurezidhendi. Light akaona vaviri chete liner. Panguva iyoyo, ndivo vaviri vari US Air Force Museum.

Pahwaro ndege "Boeing-707" akasikwa akatevedzana rechiuto chokufambisa ndege okunatsiridza akadaro. Michina zvose izvi, pasinei nezera rayo, zvino kubudirira kukurira mabasa avo.

Boeing 707 Dzhona Travolty

Famous mutambi John Travolta ndiye muridzi "Boeing-707". Photo munhu anofara mutyairi wendege pamwe airliner ake anogona kuonekwa pazasi.

The ndege kudanana John Travolta pane muduku. Kunyange ipapo, iye aifarira vakazvimirira kurayira matikiti vomumhuri dzavo. Kutiza John rokutanga akamuunzira vazhinji nefemero. Pashure paizvozvo, Travolta paakanga akagara muguta aviators, iyo yakatsiva mukuru padare runway.

Muna 2003, kuti mutambi akavaka imba yake muchimiro yendege. Pedyo nemamiriro anotambidza mamhepo runway kureba 700 metres. Zvinonzi avakirwa pachake ndege Travolta. A kufarira zviri mutambi ari Boeing 707, yainzi kuremekedza vana aJohani: Jett Clipper Ella. Inside ndege kune zvitatu zvipenyu makamuri, dzekurara anoverengeka uye kudzidza. ndege iyi yakava enzvimbo mutambi muna 2002, uye Travolta hakuzofadzi kuparadzana yavo "Boeing", dzinenge munguva yemberi iri pedyo.

Chinonyanya asinganzwisisiki ndege "Boeing-707"

Pasinei nokuti muenzaniso ndege kwave kuchibudirira zvikuru, tsaona yaro kupindura asi zvakaitika. All kushanda ndege ikatsva kwakadaro vakatambura 194 michina okunatsiridza siyana. The kupfuura asinganzwisisiki anosuwisa zvose nyaya idzi inoramba uya akatora nzvimbo September 2, 1983. Panguva iyoyo "Boeing-707", vaiva ne Korean Air kubva South Korea, akapfurwa pasi pamusoro USSR Su-15 aidzorwa mutyairi yeSoviet.

Maererano pamutemo shanduro airliner vakakanganisa airspace Soviet akabhururuka pamusoro zvinokosha zvivako pamusoro chakavanzika muchiuto. The vashandi kuti "Boeing" aramba kuuraya murayiro pamusoro ndege kumhara panguva pedyo yendege, saka kuti ndege yakapfurwa pasi uye yakadonha wokumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero chikamu pachitsuwa Sakhalin. The tsaona yakauraya vanhu vose uye vashandi nhengo. Mungarava vakanga varipo, uye US enyika. Nokuda chiitiko ichi rirwadze yemarudzi wokupomera. Nanhasi, chikonzero kwechokwadi izvo rufu yakaitika "Boeing-707" 02.09.1983 gore, haisi zvakazara kujekeswa.

End enguva kuti "Boeing-707"

Pakazosvika mangwanani kwema1970, airliner akarega kubata yakawedzera panguva nhamba vatakurwi. Mainjiniya vasingagoni mberi kuwedzera fuselage nokuda rwokugadzira zvikonzero. Mazuvaano mabasa vava zvemari kusina pakwakavakirwa. Pashure pezvose, kugadzirisa dambudziko iri zvingava zvakafanira kusika michini itsva, mukanyanyisa chinhambwe pakati ndege chassis uye kuti vamwe vachinje STRUCTURAL. Uyewo, "Boeing 707" panyama zvisingachashandi, akanga ruzha uye kwete mari tichitaura mafuta. Vandudzai ndege haina kushanda. Saka, vanofanira kugadzira chakakodzera kutsiviwa. Uye ndege itsva, "Boeing-747", iyo akabata vazhinji vanhu uye ndege zvinoitwa pamusoro yakareba marefu.

Pakazosvika makore kwema1970 chido kutenga mudziyo yakadaro zvikaita makambani mashoma. Air vatakuri mu Europe uye United States zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga ringabviswa pakushandisa muenzaniso uyu. Huru nyika kuti vachiri kushanda ndege yakadaro, akava kusimukira eAsia, Africa uye South America. Muna 1978, kwapera batch mangé kugadzirwa "Boeing-707", uye muna 1983 akaita wokupedzisira dzose ndege yake muUnited States.

Pakazopera kuma1990, ndege iyi yaishandiswa Africa uye South America. Its chikuru basa rakanga kutumirwa. Pakutanga 2010 vakavhura 155 "Boeing-707" munyika. Ndivo okunatsiridza vainyanya zvechiuto. Munguva yedu, chete akaendesa mhepo kuti anoshandisa airliner inoramba Iranian kambani saha Air.

mhedziso

Boeing 707 - airliner nemana jeti injini. Muna 1954, kuti airliner ndiye akatanga kuita intercontinental ndege. muenzaniso uyu "Boeing" chainyanya akabudirira pakati dzimwe okunatsiridza iri ndege panguva. It nokukurumidza akawana mukurumbira. Zvisinei, nokuda kutanga manonwe remakore rechimakumi maviri "Boeing-707" kwava kubatwa kubudirira kwayo. Haachadi kurarama mabasa ayo pamusoro chokufambisa imwe nhamba yakakwana vanhu pamusoro madaro marefu. Modernize kuti airliner yakanga zvoupfumi va neudhadha, saka "Boeing" nayo chikatsiviwa muenzaniso itsva.