Nizhnekamsk HPP: munhoroondo chivakwa, chiitiko, Vhuṱanzi

Nizhnekamsk HPP muna Tatarstan kunoshamisa uye chete simba kambani munyika, zvakabatanidzwa kuti UES yeRussia. Kuburikidza ichi boka, chikamu kunhaka "Tatenergo", vagari nharaunda zvegore magetsi.

tsananguro

Nizhnekamsk HPP mugero mhando iri mundima Republic of Tatarstan pamusoro ari Kama River pedyo Yelabuga uye Naberezhnye Chelny. Kuvaka simba chirimwa rakatanga muna 1963, uye basa akatanga chete muna 1979. Projected HPP vari:

• dhamu nekongiri nokuda spillway;
• Mudhamu alluvial rwizi mubhedha;
• floodplain dhamu;
• pakashama;
• Powerhouse.

The kunonyanyisa kureba floodplain uye murwizi dhamu iri 30 M Kureba - 2,976? Km. Railroads mikuru vanoiswa zvakananga pamusoro mai. On avhareji rose gore anogadzirwa pamusoro mabhiriyoni 2 kWh / h dzemagetsi.

Pashure kuvakwa ukaramba zvivako akaumba Nizhnekamsk Reservoir. Pari NEC ndiye 63,3 m. Kurera padanho kuchaita rumwe simba, asi ayo lobbying kwemakumi emakore vatariri yakavakidzana kumatunhu.

History of chivakwa

Nizhnekamsk HPP wakatanga kushanda muna 1979, apo zvinodiwa pamwero dura asvika pachiyero 62 m. Uyu sandara ndiro shoma chinogamuchirika, nokuti kunovimbisa Hydroelectric basa uye ndima ngarava kuburikidza nekiyi. Reservoir zvikazara 78,000 hectares vachigara munyika, asi kuvakwa Hydroelectric simba chiteshi pakutanga dzinounzwa 173.000 hectares pamusoro munharaunda Republic of Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Udmurtia uye Perm nharaunda. Asati ichizadza akapoteredza nzvimbo rakaitwa kuti kuparadzwa, misha ine vagari vemo, nezvifambiso kwezvivako uye kukurukurirana. Wokupedzisira (16 fung mumutsetse) chikwata kwakatangwa muna 1987. Pakazosvika 1990, waterworks zviremera nechinangwa kurera pachiyero dura kuti 68 metres, izvo zvakakonzera sefungu okutsutsumwa masangano zvakatipoteredza siyana. Saka, kurera padanho haana. Kuti ufanane 63,5 mamita NHRI akamutsa chete muna 2002 nemhaka Joint chibvumirano kumatunhu mana.

Matambudziko chokuita dura chechetere vosimba

Maererano basa mapepa, mwero unofanira kuva nenguva 68 m. Zvisinei, zvino chinhu zvenguva, izvo zvakakonzera zvinetso maererano ikoroji uye upfumi. Sezvo Nizhnekamsk HPP unobereka zvishoma simba, kufamba chakaoma, uye anodzivirira ouinjiniya ezvirevo akatanga chiwondomoke. Uyezve, gore negore pane algal Anotumbuka. 50% of nzvimbo dura harina kudzika (kudzama haana kusvika 2 m), izvo chinopesana utsanana dzemunharaunda. Kana iwe simudza pamwero kusvika 68 metres, richakukurwa vakawanda munzvimbo dziri pedyo munharaunda.

tsaona

Muna 2010, ivo Nizhnekamsk HPP kuputika, iyo pashure noutsi. Somugumisiro, vashandi vaviri kambani vakaurayiwa, 10 - akakuvara. Panobva kuputika vakanga dzaparadzwa ari synchronous compressor kutora mumhepo zvinodiwa simba chirimwa. Chikonzero aiva mafuta vhinza, vakazochinja akanga neshungu uye yakasanganiswa mhepo. Zvisinei, tsaona haana kukanganisa basa vachida.

The chete simba chirimwa muna Tatarstan ndiye Nizhnekamsk HPP. Naberezhnye Chelny uye Yelabuga ndivo pedyosa payo yawo. HPP akatanga kushanda muna 1979, asi kusvikira zvino haana asvika magadzirirwo vanokwanisa. Izvi imhaka yokuti mwero dura iri urongwa inofanira kusvika 68 m, asi zvino ari pachiyero 63,5 m. Nizhnekamsk HPP zvakabatana kuti vabatane Energy System of Russian Federation uye zvoupfumi kwakakosha nharaunda.