Polymers muupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva, chakaita zvokugadzirwa rabha

Nhasi, chakaita zvokugadzirwa Polymers kugara chinzvimbo chinokosha muupenyu vanhu vose. Kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzakasiyana hwedu hwezuva nezuva, kubva mbatya, nezvirongo, matoyi kuti ndege, zvombo, motokari. Uye mumwe kupfuura dzinonakidza uye zvinokosha kuti vanoverengeka nedzimwe zvivako chinhu chakaita zvokugadzirwa rabha. Formula dzinongoitika analogue ane dzose chimiro, panguva iyoyo, chakaita zvokugadzirwa - kwemashifiti.

Kubudisa Polymers iyi mhando pamusoro muindasitiri pamwero rakatanga nguva pfupi tisati Hondo Yenyika II muGermany uye Russia. Butadiene rabha-yavaibvisa "Boone" yakabudiswa muGermany. Uye wokutanga kubudiswa musi muindasitiri pamwero muRussia polybutadiene. Ake zvinoberekwa nzira anionic polymerization mvura butadiene yakatanga Lebedev S.

Pashure pehondo, nokuda Kusava zvigadzirwa, chakaita zvokugadzirwa mhando akatanga kubudisa muUnited States. Kubvira panguva iyoyo kusvikira nhasi kusunungurwa siyana zvinhu, kunobva chakaita zvokugadzirwa rabha, uyewo zvose rabha zvigadzirwa, kwazvinoita hombe-pamwero kugadzirwa. Automotive, Aerospace uye avhiyesheni, engineering, kuvakwa, zvemagetsi engineering, mushonga, shangu maindasitiri, mutengi nhumbi - hapana maindasitiri izvi vasingagoni kurarama pasina ichi akasiyana polymer. kushandiswa kwakapararira zvakadaro nokuda rakasiyana yakatarwa mumuviri uye zvemaziso maitiro dzakasiyana siyana rabha uye rubbers kunobva kwavari.

Chakaita zvokugadzirwa rabha - chiri elastomer iro yokusafa elasticity, mvura kuzvidzivirira uye zvemagetsi kuputira zvivako. With kushandisa vulcanization kwacho Polymers izvi mhando kunogona kuiswa muzvikamu rabha uye ebonite.

All polymeric zvinhu vekirasi ichi dzinoiswa maererano application pamusoro matadza kwechinangwa chinokosha uye mukuru. Chakaita zvokugadzirwa rabha mukuru chinangwa - ndeimwe iyo kunoratidzwa kunzwisisa zvikuru hwokugadzira ehupfumi (mukana wokushandiswa, simba, mukurumari, uye vamwe.). talk chinangwa rubbers vari kubudirira kushandiswa zvakawanda zvibereko vakawanda kugadzira, zvikurukuru kuti matai. Pano zvinosanganisira butadiene, butadiene-methylstyrene, isoprene rubbers, uye isobutylene-isoprene copolymer (butyl rabha).

Chakaita zvokugadzirwa rabha ane chinangwa chinokosha kana dzakasiyana chete rakasiyana chinhu kuti inopa mukuru-giredhi anokosha zvinodiwa kuti chigadzirwa waivako mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa nguva dzose. Somuenzaniso, ari nitrile It anozivikanwa mafuta ayo marefu uye peturu nemishonga. Fluorinated - wakanaka uye gaskets dzakakwirira chafariz kugadzikana (200 ° C). Aizivikanwawo polysulfide chakaita zvokugadzirwa rabha, vinylpyridine, urethanes, uye dzimwe halogenated isobutylene.

Pasinei kusiyana uku polymeric zvinhu pamusoro marongerwo uye zvivako, kusvikira zuva, kukura mberi munzvimbo ino, kuti ave kukwanisa kusangana nokusingaperi kukura zvinodiwa vatengi siyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana.